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Questões de Concursos Aspectos linguísticos Linguistic aspects

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101Q1021900 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de São Lourenço da Mata PE, FGV, 2024

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Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star


Twinkle, twinkle, little star,

How I wonder what you are!

Up above the world so high,

Like a diamond in the sky.


When the blazing sun is gone,

When he nothing shines upon,

Then you show your little light,

Twinkle, twinkle, all the night.


Then the traveler in the dark

Thanks you for your tiny spark,

How could he see where to go,

If you did not twinkle so?


In the dark blue sky you keep,

Often through my curtains peep

For you never shut your eye,

Till the sun is in the sky.


As your bright and tiny spark

Lights the traveler in the dark,

Though I know not what you are,

Twinkle, twinkle, little star.


TAYLOR, Jane. Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star. Disponível em: https://www.classicalmusic.com/articles/what-are-the-lyrics-to-twinkle-twinkle-little-star. Acesso em: 11 jul. 2024. Adaptado.

Para maior engajamento da turma, foi criado um concurso de criação de poesia. Os alunos deveriam criar uma estrofe que tivesse o mesmo esquema de rima e cujas últimas palavras seguissem a mesma classe gramatical da última palavra de cada verso da terceira estrofe, reproduzida abaixo.

In the dark blue sky youkeep, And often through my curtainspeep, For you never shut youreye Till the sun is in thesky.

A estrofe vencedora do concurso, cujo criador seguiu corretamente as exigências indicadas, foi
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103Q1023266 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Pombos PE, IGEDUC, 2023

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Syntactic ambiguity, arising from grammatical structures that allow for multiple interpretations, is an intriguing linguistic phenomenon. Recognizing and mitigating syntactic ambiguity requires a profound understanding of the structural nuances of language, highlighting the underlying complexity in the formation of sentences in contemporary English.

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104Q1023286 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor Inglês, Prefeitura de Valença do Piauí PI, IVIN, 2023

Identify the type of Figurative Language used in the following sentences:

I. I am a deeply superficial person.

II. Round the rugged rocks the ragged rascal ran.

III. Mellow wedding bells.

IV. The mind is an ocean.

Select the alternative that identifies correctly them:

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106Q1023983 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Marumbi PR, UNIVIDA, 2023

Considering the linguistic aspects of the text, choose the incorrect alternative:

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107Q1024542 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Bombinhas SC, FURB, 2024

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The Role of the Teacher in Promoting Intercultural Approaches


Today, it would be an exaggeration to say that cultural diversity is perceived as a problem within education systems, since the teachers, in general, accept it and have positive attitudes towards the contribution of diversity. However, even if it is not a problem within the school, one must nevertheless address its complexity. Cultural diversity is not only an auspicious resource for extra-curricular activities; it has a social dimension with an impact on the life of the pupils and their parents. From this point of view, it seems important to us that teachers are aware of the issues concerning such themes as integration, openness, social justice and equality. Otherwise, it should be said that a certain number of stereotypes persist and their effects should be thoroughly examined within the school.

One of the theoretical foundations which seems productive for us in promoting cultural diversity is culturally relevant teaching. Indeed, further to exploiting otherness as a resource, it subjects it to critical analysis and in this way addresses inequalities connected with cultural, social or ethnic affiliations. This form of teaching addresses inequalities, but also takes the form of an approach to combat them.

Finally, research has demonstrated the advantage of opening the teaching profession to people from diverse origins. Indeed, their knowledge and the resemblance between their own experiences and those of their pupils, particularly those with cultural minority origins, contribute an educational added-value. Furthermore, we believe that the experiences of these teachers may represent a resource for the educational enterprise, while accepting its limits: the need for each individual to choose their own affiliation and not to be assigned an identity that could be detrimental.


(Based and adapted from AKKARI, Abdeljalil; RADHOUANE, Myriam. Intercultural approaches to education: From theory to practice. Springer Nature, 2022.)
Understanding the sounds of phonemes in English is fundamental to teaching pronunciation and explore the theme of communication in the classroom and outside of it. About the text, choose the correct sentence about the sounds of the words:
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109Q1023069 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Inglês, Prefeitura de Caçapava SP, Avança SP, 2024

In the context of English phonology, which of the following options correctly identifies the impact of the "Magic E" rule on the pronunciation of vowels in a word?
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110Q1024144 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Edital n 138, SEED PR, Consulplan, 2024

Students were divided in groups and each group received one of the fragments for analysis and comprehension. The thorough examination highlights the presence and command of one same figure of speech mainly employed in all of them contributing to:

“My friend is dead, my neighbor is dead, my love, the darling of my soul, is dead.”
(A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens.)

“Buddy, you’re a boy, make a big noise Playing in the street, gonna be a big man someday Buddy, you’re a young man, hard man Shouting in the street, gonna take on the world someday.”
(We Will Rock You, Queen.)

“We will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together knowing that we will be free one day.”
(I Have a Dream, Martin Luther King.)

“I came to win, to fight, to conquer, to thrive. I came to win, to survive, to prosper, to rise.”
(Fly, Nicki Minaj.)

“… and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the Earth.”
(Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln.)

“We saw no houses, no smoke, no footprints, no boats, no people.”
(Lord of the Flies, William Golding.)
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111Q1023922 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor de Educação Básica I, Prefeitura de Juquitiba SP, Avança SP, 2024

In phonology, what is the term for the phenomenon in which one sound becomes more similar to a neighboring sound, resulting in two sounds becoming more alike, such as altering the pronunciation of "handbag" to "hambag" due to the influence of adjacent sounds?

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112Q1021890 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, PSS, Prefeitura de São Miguel do Oeste SC, AMEOSC, 2024

Choose the correct option that best describes the relationship between phonemes and graphemes in English.
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113Q1022530 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Belmonte SC, AMEOSC, 2024

Why is it important to practice intonation in English speech?
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114Q1022546 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Inglês, Prefeitura de Itapevi SP, VUNESP, 2025

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ELF: English as a lingua franca


The Vienna Oxford International Corpus of English (VOICE), a collection of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) currently under construction, defines lingua franca as an additionally acquired language system that serves as a means of communication for speakers from different speech communities, who use it to communicate with each other but for whom it is not their native language.

Early findings from the VOICE corpus tentatively identify a number of features which point to systematic lexicogrammatical differences between native-speaker English and ELF, for example dropping the third person present tense ‘s’ (e.g. she wear), omitting definite and indefinite articles, insertion of prepositions (e.g. can we discuss about this issue). These features are not a threat to comprehension, as they involve typical errors that most English teachers would correct and remediate. However, Seidlhofer (2004) points out that they appear to be generally unproblematic and do not cause an obstacle to communicative success in ELF.

The work of Jenkins (1996, 2000, 2004, 2005) has also been very influential in relation to the teaching of pronunciation for ELF. Her research finds that a number of items common to most native-speaker varieties of English were not necessary in successful ELF interactions; for example, the substitution of voiceless and voiced th with /t/ or /s/ and /d/ or /z/ (e.g. think became sink or tink, and this became dis or zis). Jenkins argues that such features occur regularly in ELF interactions and do not cause intelligibility problems.

Problems may arise in the (perhaps unfair) equation between a reduced or ‘stripped down’ ELF syllabus and an impoverished experience of the L2. Indeed, it could be argued that learners of any language always end up producing less than the input they are exposed to, and that if that input itself is deliberately restricted, then even less will be the outcome.


(O’KEEFFE, A., MCCARTHY, M. & CARTER, R. From corpus to classroom. Language Use and Language Teaching. Cambridge, CUP. 2007. Adaptado)
Das palavras a seguir, retiradas do texto, assinale aquela em que as vogais /ea/ em negrito possuem a mesma pronúncia encontrada na palavra feature.
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115Q1021898 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de São Lourenço da Mata PE, FGV, 2024

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Are functional and situational language the same thing?


The two labels represent different ways of organising this kind of social language. Functional language comprises expressions that do different things, for example: make a request, invite someone to do something or suggest something. Situational language comprises expressions we use in specific situations, for example: at a restaurant, shopping for clothes or asking for tourist information.

Clearly, there is overlap between the two. In the situation of a doctor’s appointment, different functions will be used. The patient makes a request at a doctor’s appointment, the doctor invites the patient into their consulting room and gives advice on dealing with the medical problem. It is important that you, the teacher, know the primary focus of the lesson. Is it to present and practise expressions associated with a particular function, or to present and practise language related to a specific situation?


THAINE, Craig. Key considerations for teaching functional/situational language. Disponível em: https://www.cambridge.org/elt/blog/2021/11/24/teachingfunctional-situational-language/. Acesso em: 11 jul. 2024. Adaptado.

Sobre situational language, considere uma atividade em que os alunos devem simular uma visita a um restaurante. Qual situational language seria apropriada de se ensinar para essa atividade?
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117Q1023694 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Inglês, Prefeitura de Maripá PR, OBJETIVA, 2024

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Crazy Horse

Crazy Horse (Tasunke Witko, 1840-1877) was an Oglala Lakota Sioux warrior and warband leader considered among the greatest defenders of Sioux lands against the forces of the US government in the 19th century. He is one of the most famous Native American figures in history and among the Sioux's most honored heroes. Although he is often referred to as a "chief", Crazy Horse was actually a "Shirt Wearer" – a kind of "subchief" – who carried out the decisions of the council and also served as a war chief of a given band of warriors. Even so, Crazy Horse inspired such devotion in his followers that he was regarded as a "chief" and is referenced as such by others.


His name, Tasunke Witko (Crazy Horse), is accurately translated as "His Crazy Horse" or "His Horse is Crazy" and was his father's and grandfather's name, seemingly referencing a horse that behaved erratically. According to Black Elk, however, the name correlated to Crazy Horse's famous vision in which he saw his horse dancing as though "made only of shadow" in a strange or "crazy" way.


Crazy Horse dedicated himself to opposing the US military as early as 1854 following the Grattan Fight (Grattan Massacre) and the subsequent massacre of Little Thunder's camp in 1855 by Colonel William S. Harney. He continued his resistance over the next eleven years and was named a "Shirt Wearer" in 1865. He fought in the Battle of Plate River Bridge (1865), Red Cloud's War (1866-1868), the Battle of the Rosebud (1876), and the Battle of the Little Bighorn (1876). His last full-scale engagement with US forces was the Battle of Wolf Mountain in January 1877.


World History Encyclopedia. Adaptation.

Consider the pronunciation in American English. The “ch” sound in “chief” is the same as the one in:
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