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101Q1024527 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Analista de Ouvidoria, AresPCJ SP, VUNESP, 2025

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The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) reports that once water is contaminated, it is difficult, costly, and often impossible to remove the pollutants. Currently, 80% of global wastewater goes untreated, and is contaminated by a wide range of substances, from human waste to highly toxic industrial discharges. The type and amount of pollutants in freshwater determines its suitability for human uses such as drinking, bathing, and agriculture.

Pollution of freshwater ecosystems can also impact the habitat and quality of life of fish and other wildlife. This can include pathogens (largely from human and animal waste), organic matter (including nutrients from agricultural run-off such as nitrogen or phosphorus), chemical pollution (from irrigation, domestic wastewater and runoff of mines into rivers) and salinity. Plastics, and chemicals of emerging concern, such as certain pharmaceutical products, are issues for which their extent and impacts on freshwater are largely unknown. A preliminary assessment of water quality in rivers in Latin America, Africa and Asia, “A Snapshot of the World’s Water Quality” (Ringler, et al., 2016), estimated that severe pathogenic pollution affects around one third of all rivers, severe organic pollution around one seventh of all rivers, and severe and moderate salinity pollution around one-tenth of all rivers in these regions.


(UNDRR, “Pollution”. Disponível em: www.undrr.org/ understanding-disaster-risk/terminology/hips/tl0028#:~:text=Pollution%20 is%20defined%20as%20the,UN%20data%2C%20n o%20date. Adaptado)
De acordo com o segundo parágrafo, um dos poluentes cujo impacto sobre a água doce ainda é em grande parte desconhecido é:
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102Q1019927 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, QM 2018, SEDUCSP, VUNESP, 2025

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The paper reflects on the role of technology in English language teaching (ELT) methodologies and on the impact of globalization and internationalization in education in general and in the ELT in particular. The study is based on the assumption that access to information and technology is necessary to build social capital (WARSCHAUER, 2003) and that this access requires some English knowledge and digital literacy (FINARDI; PREBIANCA; MOMM, 2013). Departing from a bibliographic review on the use of ELT methodologies and the role of technologies in these methodologies, the study proposes that both the resistance to and the uncritical use of technologies and methodologies may bring negative consequences to the development of English language proficiency and social development in Brazil. The study concludes that in the post-method (BROWN, 2002; KUMARAVADIVELO, 2003) and information era (LEVY, 1999) technologies have a relevant and crucial role that should be critically considered in ELT methodologies. The study also suggests that the informed use of technologies and methodologies, allied with the teaching of English as an international language are essential to leverage the development and the internationalization of education in Brazil in a critical way in relation to the effects of globalization.


(FINARDI, Kyria Rebecca; PORCINO, Maria Carolina. 2014. Adaptado)
One of the authors’ objectives in the study described is to understand
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103Q1046873 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Primeiro Dia, ESCOLA NAVAL, Marinha, 2021

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Read the text below and answer question.


U.K. hospitals are overburdened. But the British love their universal health care

March 7, 2018

When Erich McElroy takes the stage at comedy clubs in London, his routine includes a joke about the first time he went to see a doctor in Britain.
Originally from Seattle, McElroy, 45, has lived in London for almost 20 years. A stand-up comedian, he's made a career out of poking fun at the differences in the ways Americans versus Britons see the world - and one of the biggest differences is their outlook on health care.
"| saw a doctor, who gave me a couple pills and sent me on my way. But | still hadn't really done any paperwork. | was like, 'This isn't right! " McElroy says onstage, to giggles from the crowd. "So | went back to the same woman, and | said, 'What do | do now?! And she said, You go home! "
The mostly British audience erupts into laughter.
McElroy acknowledges it doesn't sound like much of a joke. He's just recounting his first experience at a UK. public hospital. But Britons find it hilarious, he says, that an American would be searching for a cash register, trying to find how to pay for treatment at a doctor's office or hospital. Itis a foreign concept here, McElroy explains.
Onstage, McElroy recounts how, when the hospital receptionist instructed him to go home, he turned to her and exclaimed, "This is amazing!"
Amazing, he says, because he did not have to pay - at least not at the point of service. In Britain, there is a state-funded system called the National Health Service, or NHS, which guarantees care for all. That means everything from ambulance rides and emergency room visits to long hospital stays, complex surgery, radiation and chemotherapy - are all free. They are paid for with payroll taxes. In addition, any medication you get during a hospital visit is free, and the cost of most prescription drugs at a pharmacy are cheap - a few dollars. (Private health care also exists in the U.K., paid out-of-pocket or through private insurance coverage, but only a small minority of residents opt for it.)
Since the 2008 financial crisis, the U.K., like many countries, has been taking in less tax revenue - so it has had to cut spending. Its expenditure on the National Health Service has still grown, but at a slower pace than before. [...] Wait times at the emergency room are up, says Richard Murray, policy director at the King's Fund, a health care think tank.
"If the ER is really busy, it makes the ambulances queue outside the front door - not great," Murray says. "And in some cases, the hospital is simply full."

(Adapted from https://www.npr.org)
According to the text, which option is correct?
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104Q1023096 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Inglês, Prefeitura de Umbuzeiro PB, EDUCA, 2025

Texto associado.
TEXT 2

THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC GAP IN FOREIGNLANGUAGE LEARNING

Teaching foreign languages has become a major goal for many education systems around the world. In today’s increasingly interconnected world, speaking multiple languages improves employability, fosters respect for people from other cultures, and gives young people direct access to content that would otherwise be inaccessible, including literature, music, theatre and cinema (OECD, 2020a).

For the first time in 2018, PISA asked students whether they studied foreign languages at school and how much class time they had on foreign languages per week. Results show that learning foreign languages is widely available to 15-year-olds in today’s education systems. However, these opportunities are not evenly distributed among students of different socio-economic status: students in advantaged schools have more opportunities to learn foreign languages than students in disadvantaged schools. These socioeconomic disparities in foreign-language instruction time are telling as they correlate to inequity in student achievement in other areas – in reading, for example. These results suggest the existence of a social divide not previously measured that leaves some students unprepared for effective communication with others from different cultural and language backgrounds.

Excerpt extracted and adapted from: https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2021/ 11/the-socio-economic-gap-in-foreign-languagelearning_c357eab2/953199e1-en.pdf
Still based on Text 2, which of the following areas does PISA specifically investigate regarding language learning?
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105Q1023118 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor II Língua Inglesa, FME de Niterói RJ, COSEAC, 2024

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Read Text 2 and answer question.

TEXT 2

Criticisms of Methods

Despite the potential gains from a study of methods, it is important to acknowledge that a number of writers in our field have criticized the concept of language teaching methods. Some say that methods are prescriptions for classroom behavior, and that teachers are encouraged by textbook publishers and academics to implement them whether or not the methods are appropriate for a particular context (Pennycook 1989). Others have noted that the search for the best method is ill-advised (Prabhu 1990; Bartolome 1994); that teachers do not think about methods when planning their lessons (Long 1991); that methodological labels tell us little about what really goes on in classrooms (Katz 1996); and that teachers experience a certain fatigue concerning the constant coming and going of fashions in methods (Rajagopalan 2007). Hinkel (2006) also notes that the need for situationally relevant language pedagogy has brought about the decline of methods.

These criticisms deserve consideration. It is possible that a particular method may be imposed on teachers by others. However, these others are likely to be disappointed if they hope that mandating a particular method will lead to standardization. For we know that teaching is more than following a recipe. Any method is going to be shaped by a teacher’s own understanding, beliefs, style, and level of experience. Teachers are not mere conveyor belts delivering language through inflexible prescribed and proscribed behaviors (Larsen-Freeman 1991); they are professionals who can, in the best of all worlds, make their own decisions-informed by their own experience, the findings from research, and the wisdom of practice accumulated by the profession (see, for example, Kumaravadivelu 1994).

Furthermore, a method is decontextualized. How a method is implemented in the classroom is not only going to be affected by who the teacher is, but also by who the students are, what they and the teacher expect as appropriate social roles, the institutional constraints and demands, and factors connected to the wider sociocultural context in which the instruction takes place.Even the ‘right’ method will not compensate for inadequate conditions of learning, or overcome sociopolitical inequities. Further, decisions that teachers make are often affected by exigencies in the classroom rather than by methodological considerations. Thus, saying that a particular method is practiced certainly does not give us the whole picture of what is happening in the classroom. Since a method is more abstract than a teaching activity, it is not surprising that teachers think in terms of activities rather than methodological choices when they plan their lessons.

What critics of language teaching methods have to offer us is important. Admittedly, at this point in the evolution of our field, there is little empirical support for a particular method, although there may be some empirical support in second language acquisition research for methodological principles (Long 2009). Further, what some of the methods critics have done is to raise our awareness about the importance of critical pedagogy.

LARSEN-FREEMAN, D.; ANDERSON, M. Techniques & Principles in Language Teaching. 2011. Oxford: OUP. Adaptado.
The authors present a sequence of reasons why foreign language teaching methods are criticieed. Among these reasons they mention
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106Q1024404 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Fisioterapia, A C Camargo Câncer Center, VUNESP, 2024

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In a study of more than 100,000 people, researchers found that those with less healthy lifestyles were more likely to reduce their risk of colorectal cancer with regular aspirin use than those with healthier behaviors (JAMA Oncol 2024 Aug 1). Regular aspirin use was defined as two or more 325 mg tablets a week or a daily 81 mg dose; less healthy lifestyles were characterized by higher body mass index, smoking, greater alcohol consumption, less physical activity, and poorer diet. Those with the unhealthiest lifestyles had a 3.4% chance of developing colorectal cancer if they didn’t take aspirin regularly, whereas those who did had a 2.1% chance of developing the disease. In contrast, people with the healthiest lifestyles had a 1.5% chance of developing colorectal cancer if they took aspirin regularly and a 1.6% chance if they didn’t. This result suggests that physicians can pursue a nuanced approach when prescribing aspirin for disease prevention.


(https://aacrjournals.org. 26 de julho a 01 de agosto 2024. Adaptado)
According to the study described in the text,
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107Q1009308 | Inglês, Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension, Especialista em Políticas Públicas e Gestão Governamental, SEPLANSE, FGV, 2025

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The importance of assessing the social and economic impacts of environmental policies


Policymakers face the challenge of supporting both inclusive and sustainable economic development and a healthy environment. While the most desirable policy outcome is one that achieves the greatest environmental benefits while also advancing socioeconomic goals, it is important for policymakers to fully understand the possible trade-offs between these objectives. A better understanding of the broader impacts of environmental policies is crucial to mitigate their adverse effects on competing goals, especially as countries are faced with the arduous task of responding to mounting environmental challenges in economically turbulent times.


Governments are under pressure to scale up and accelerate their ambition on climate and environmental goals. But in taking such action forward, they have to carefully navigate a number of headwinds. These include the long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on both the economy and society, cost-of-living crisis, political tensions and geopolitical crises such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Low-income people and the poorest economies are the hardest hit, primarily due to the steep increases in the price of energy and food.


The level of environmental policy stringency can have an impact on a variety of policy outcomes. Empirical research is crucial to shed light on these interlinkages. Previous research has shown that more stringent environmental policy has achieved significant environmental benefits with little aggregate effect on economic performance. However, localized effects may generate winners and losers, with significant losses for certain sectors, firms or individuals and benefits for others. Nonetheless, at present, the empirical evidence on these distributional aspects is still scarce, despite its crucial role in supporting good policy design. More than ever, regulators need better tools and insights to assess the consequences of environmental policies on the economy and on social outcomes.


Adapted from the brochure downloaded from https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/social-and-economic-impacts-ofenvironmental-policies.html
“However” in “However, localised effects may generate winners and losers” (3rd paragraph) introduces a(n):
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108Q1022367 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Jupiá SC, Fênix Concursos, 2025

No romance "Pride and Prejudice", de Jane Austen, um tema central da narrativa é:
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109Q1022113 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Inglês 200 H A, Prefeitura de Iguaracy PE, ADM TEC, 2024

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INSTRUCTION: Read the following text to answer question.

Do Leveled Books Have Any Place in the Classroom?


“The little turtle can see the grass. The little turtle can see the trees. The little turtle can see the flowers”. These are the opening lines to one popular reading program’s leveled books: short, predictable texts designed for beginning readers. The patterned sentence structure – centered on the phrase “the little turtle can see" – invites students to rely on repetition and context clues to identify words they can’t sound out.

Leveled books have been a staple in early elementary reading instruction for more than two decades. But as the “science of reading” movement has spread, leveled books have come under fire. Initially, they encourage students to guess at words rather than use their phonics skills, researchers say, which can prevent children from mapping the letter-sound connections that allow them to become fluent readers.

A second problem is how they sort students into levels. Studies have shown that leveling systems are frequently inaccurate. These systems are usually created by the books’ publishers, which purport to match students with books that have a just-right alignment with their reading comprehension abilities.

In classrooms that are switching to a science of reading approach, educators are now wary of leveled books, because of the damage that they did, said Wiley Blevins, an educational consultant. In his opinion, when children are still learning the code of written language, it is required a “tight connection” between the letter-sound correspondences they’re learning and the text they’re reading, so that they have opportunities to practice. But leveled texts can’t do this job. Blevins said that the textdifficulty levels also don’t offer much practical use because they don’t tell educators what skills students still need to master – which doesn’t necessarily mean kids can’t ever pick up these books.

But what are leveled texts anyway? In many of the most popular reading programs of the last decade, leveled readers were some of the main texts that children worked with. Teachers used books for instruction, grouping students by their level and assigning them reading strategies to practice in the text. They have also been used for assessment since teachers listened to students read these books aloud, keeping a running record of their errors.

Publishers claimed that the text-leveling system could match students with books that were just right for their abilities – challenging enough to help them practice new skills, but not so challenging as to be frustrating or inaccessible. This idea is based on outdated theories about how children learn. Studies show that students can read books that are above their level with teacher and peer-provided support. They also indicate that restricting students to text at lower reading levels can actually widen achievement gaps.

However, other research has found that the leveling system isn’t even that accurate. A 2014 study showed that data from leveling assessments correctly predicted students’ reading ability only about 50 percent of the time.

The big problem with these books, though, is that they don’t help students develop their decoding skills, that is, their ability to sound out words by connecting letters tospoken sounds, said Kari Kurto, the National Science of Reading Project director at The Reading League – a group that advocates for evidence-based reading policy and classroom practice. Kurto complemented by saying that many of the words in these books aren’t written with constrained sound-spelling patterns, so “there’s no other strategy that a kid can use other than guessing,” Kurto said.

With all of this being said, one question pops up: how teachers can repurpose leveled readers?

As some districts have shifted their reading instructional practice, they have moved from leveled to decodable text – books written to give students practice with the letter-sound correspondences that they are learning in phonics lessons. However, decodable books shouldn’t be the only books that students ever see because at some point they will have to move on to more complex literature, said Blevins. In his point of view, teachers shouldn’t worry about matching students with a particular level, but rather see if they can find books that include some phonics patterns children know.

But can leveled texts build background knowledge? Some educators have repurposed leveled texts in a different way, using them to help students develop content knowledge about a subject. Research shows that students’ background knowledge is a key component of their reading comprehension ability.

According to Kurto, having more books available that might tap into kids’ different interests is valuable. Still, she draws the attention to the fact that many leveled books are written with simple themes and basic vocabulary and syntax. She said, “a lot of the leveled texts are just a little fluffy. If all [students are] getting beyond decodable text is leveled text, then it’s likely that they’re not being exposed to high-quality language and language structures.”

Although the debate about this matter is extensive and opinions are diverse, one thing is worth keeping in mind: what students read in class really matters.


Source: https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/doleveled-books-have-any-place-in-the-classroom/2024/10 Accessed on November 13, 2024. [Adapted]

According to Wiley Blevins, text-difficulty levels don’t offer much practical use. The explanation for it is that:
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110Q1024183 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Analista Administrativo de Projetos, InoversaSul, CESPE CEBRASPE, 2025

Texto associado.
A majority of remote workers would quit their jobs if forced to return to the office, according to a new study. In FlexJobs’ recent report, 57 percent of remote workers surveyed said they would absolutely look for a new job if they were not allowed to continue working remotely. “Obviously, an employer has the right to call employees back to the office from remote or hybrid positions at any time, but for many who have had these jobs since the early days of the pandemic, working from home during all or part of the week has become a way of life, and they’ve scheduled virtually all other priorities around it,” says Alex Beene, a financial literacy instructor at the University of Tennessee.
The numbers could indicate a significant turnover issue as companies continue to look for ways to be fully in-person again, as just under 25 percent of workers said their employer had already instituted a return-to-office mandate. The report is based on a poll of 3,000 American professionals between August 5 and August 18. Overall, Americans were eager to leave their jobs in pursuit of higher wages or more flexible work, as 67 percent said they planned to change jobs in the next six months. But key things like a promotion, remote work and a better company culture could convince some workers to stay, according to the survey. Between 33 percent and 38 percent of workers said these factors could convince them to stay in their current roles.
Working remotely continues to be a huge draw when it comes to attracting talent, and it can even convince some employees to accept lower salaries. In the report, 58 percent of workers said they’d accept a salary decrease if it meant they could work from home. “We have a generation of employees that live in locations far removed from their actual employer due to work-from-home policies,” Beene said. “For many, hours of commuting may either not be feasible or not add up financially to make sense given their current role.”
And because many remote workers don’t feel a productivity loss, companies are still “vying for talent and willing to accommodate,” said Kevin Thompson, a finance expert and founder and CEO of 9i Capital Group. As a result, workers still largely have the power over their employers, Thompson said. “The only reason they would not is if businesses began to collude and mandated everyone return to work,” Thompson told Newsweek. “As long as the market remains free and fair, the ability to find remote work should actually continue.”
Putting productivity aside, Thompson said the main loss from remote work has been in corporate culture. “I don’t believe you can build a culture through Zoom, but that does not mean it is not possible,” Thompson said. “The consequences of remote work won’t be felt for a number of years.”

Internet: <newsweek.com> (adapted).
About the ideas conveyed by the preceding text, as well as its linguistic aspects, judge the following item.

For some employees, remote work is definitely a perk, as they can steer clear of long hours transportation.
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111Q1021884 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, LEM Inglês, SEED PR, Consulplan, 2024

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Less than half of Generation Z watch broadcast TV

Emma Saunders.
Culture reporter.

For the first time, less than half of 16 to 24-year-olds are now watching traditional TV each week.
Just 48% of young adults tuned in during an average week last year, compared with 76% just five years before (2018), according to Ofcom’s annual Media Nations report.
They watched traditional TV for an average of 33 minutes each day, down 16% year-on-year.
It will come as no surprise to many that the age group spent three times as long each day (1hr 33min) watching video-sharing platforms such as TikTok and YouTube.
Children between the ages of four and 15 are also switching off, with only 55% watching traditional TV each week last year, compared to 81% in 2018.
But there has also been a decline in middle-aged viewers (45 to 54), dropping from 89% to 84% since 2023, and a 5% drop in viewers aged between 65 and 75.
The over 75s slightly increased their traditional TV viewing, up 1% from last year, Ofcom said.
The overall viewing figures declined by 6% last year, although that was a slower fall than in 2022 (12%).
However, there was brighter news for radio. The first quarter of 2024 saw the highest number of weekly radio listeners across all devices in the last 20 years (just under 50 million). Listening time is up on last year to an average of 20.5 hours per week.
Much of this is down to commercial radio’s continued success – just over seven in 10 people aged 15 and over tune into commercial stations at least once a week (70.4%) compared to 55.6% for BBC stations.
But BBC Radio 2 was still the most popular UK station, and commercial radio had a slightly lower average listening time each week (14.0 hours compared to 14.2 hours for BBC stations).

Most watched programmes in 2023
New Year's Eve Fireworks – BBC One, 12.1m
Happy Valley – BBC One (series three, final episode) 12.1m
The Coronation of The King and Queen Camilla – BBC One, 12m
Eurovision Song Contest – BBC One, 10.1m
Strictly Come Dancing – BBC One (series 21 finale) – BBC One, 9.9m
I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! – ITV1 (series 23, launch episode) – 9.9m
Beyond Paradise – BBC One (series one, episode one) – 9m
Death in Paradise – BBC One (series 12, episode two) – 8.7m
Glastonbury – BBC One (25 June) – 8.4m
Call the Midwife Holiday Special – BBC One – 8.4m

Music streaming
Streaming was the second most listened to form of audio last year, with 50% of adults using services such as Spotify each week.
Music streaming continues to account for two thirds of the total income for the record industry.

YouTube on Telly
Despite shifts in viewing habits, TV screens are becoming more popular for watching YouTube content.
The report says 34% of time spent watching YouTube at home is now on a TV set, up from 29% in 2022. This increases to 45% among children aged 4 to 15 – up from 36% in 2022.
YouTube’s total in-home use grew to 38 minutes per person per day in 2023, an increase of 20% year-on-year.
Overall, UK viewers watched more TV and video content at home in 2023, averaging 4hrs 31min a day (an increase of 6 minutes or 2% since 2022).
This was mainly driven by an increase in daily viewing to video-sharing platforms (including YouTube) and to broadcast video-on-demand services, such as iPlayer and ITVX.
Those services grew by 29% in 2023.

Subscription services
Overall daily viewing of subscription streaming services increased by six minutes to 38 minutes a day, with Netflix remaining the most popular service, accounting for half of all subscription video-on-demand viewing.
But those pay-for streaming services have plateaued in reach, with about two thirds of households (68%) using at least one last year, similar to 2022.
Yet the sector made just under £4bn in subscription revenue last year, up 22%, largely due to price increases.

(BBC, 2024, BBC website. Accessed: 12 August 2024. Available https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crgm9z1dpkpo. Adapted.)
The word “telly” (26th§) is used as a(n):
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112Q1032899 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Habilitação Inglês, SEDUC MT, FGV, 2025

An English teacher asks their group of 16-year-old students to read the internet post “Top 10 Educational Blogs for Teens” and decide on one of the blogs to follow during the semester. After going through the material, the group chooses blog #6 Science News for Students, which is introduced as follows:

#6 Science News for Students

Created by the Society for Science, this blog is dedicated to promoting a love for science in teenagers by presenting complex topics in a clear and understandable manner. It covers a wide range of scientific subjects, from biology and chemistry to astronomy and environmental science.
What is so special about Science News for Students is its well-written, easy-to-understand content that not only informs but also inspires. It gives young learners the opportunity to stay updated on the latest scientific advancements, encouraging their curiosity and critical thinking.

https://www.nshss.org/resources/blog/blog-posts/top-10-educationalblogs-for-teens. Acesso em 22.04.2025. Adaptado.

The purpose of the teacher to have the students read the whole post and then choose one particular blog to follow is that they develop a more fluent reading in English. The instruction provided – “Quickly go through the blogs in the post to have a general idea of their content and then decide which one you would like to follow” – focuses on the development of the reading ability named.
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113Q1021910 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Área Tecnologia da Informação, CODEVASF, CESPE CEBRASPE, 2024

Texto associado.

Sociologists have, until recently, tended to avoid technology. This began to change significantly in the late 1980s with the growth and development of both (physical) IT and the (social) debate surrounding it. In a broad sense, sociologists of technology are concerned with explaining how social processes, actions and structures relate to technology; and in this are concerned with developing critiques of notions of technological determinism. The theories and concepts which have been developed are increasingly recognised as of value to technologists, notably in the area of information system design.


Technological determinism is the notion that technological development is autonomous of society; it shapes society, but is not reciprocally influenced. Rather, it exists outside society, but at the same time influences social change. In more extreme varieties of technological determinism, the technology is seen as the most significant determinant of the nature of a society. What is remarkable about the notion of technological determinism is neither its theoretical sophistication nor its explanatory utility. It is important because it is “the single most influential theory of the relationship between technology and society”, according to MacKenzie and Wajcman (1985).


The reality, of course, is that technologies do not, in practice, follow some pre-determined course of development. Research and development decisions, for example, are significant determinants of the sorts of technologies which are developed. Also, although technologies clearly have impacts, the nature of these is not built into the technology, but varies from one culture to another, depending on a broad range of social, political and economic factors.


Hughie Mackay. Theorising the IT/Society Relationship. In: HEAP, N. et al. (eds) Information technology and society: a reader. London: Sage Publications, 1996 (adapted)

The word “nor” (fourth sentence of the second paragraph) could be correctly replaced with or, without harming the grammatical correctness of the text.

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114Q1022474 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Inglês, IF Sul Rio Grandense, IF Sul Rio Grandense, 2025

Understanding coherence is crucial for students to produce coherent texts. Yin Cheung (In: RENANDYA & WIDODO, 2016) points out that teachers should guide students in grasping coherence, from the narrow view of sentence connection to the broader idea of linking ideas at the discourse level to create meaning for readers. About two common features of coherence, read the text that follows:

__________________ help establish relationships between different sentences, with examples including pronouns, conjunctions, repetition, superordinates and hyponyms (like animals/cats), as well as synonyms and antonyms. Another tool for enhancing coherence in writing is ________________, which help readers structure, interpret, and assess information. Examples include logical connectives (e.g., therefore, but), sequencers (e.g., firstly, finally), certainty markers (e.g., certainly), among others.

The noun phrases that correctly fills in the text, from left to right, is
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

115Q1023755 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Santa Maria da Boa Vista PE, AEVSF FACAPE, 2024

Texto associado.
Improvement of Health


Outdoor sports are great for kids and can help with your fitness. Regular exercise can help you build a strong heart, bones and lung function. It also helps prevent chronic diseases. Sport can help with diabetes management, weight loss, blood circulation and stress reduction. The combination of cerebral and physical development allows for the strengthening and toning of bones and muscles through sports.

Through sports, students learn how important it is to live a healthy lifestyle. Sports can help prevent obesity and promote healthy eating habits. Sports encourage young people to eat more vegetables and fruits. They are less likely than their peers to become obese, and they are more likely grow up to be active adults.

Both communicable and not-communicable disease prevention is possible through physical activity and sports. Sports are therefore costeffective strategies to improve the health of the general population in both developed and developing countries.


https://ihtusa.com/what-are-the-benefitsand-importance-of-sports-in-education/
Sobre o texto, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

116Q1022485 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Especialidade Administrativo, ANM, CESPE CEBRASPE, 2025

Texto associado.
For the first time, 2025 will see quantum computers leave labs and research institutions and actually deploy into the networks and data centers of real-world customers. For quantum computing companies, this will be a real test of steel.

It’s one thing to have a groundbreaking, powerful quantum computer that only works on its very best day — when the lab conditions are perfect and when the team of PhDs operating it are at the top of their game. But the reality is that quantum computers need to work on their worst days too — in the real world, in real organizations. The quantum computing companies that land on top will be the ones that have built for this challenge since day one.

People tend to hear the words “quantum computing” and jump straight to science fiction or the multiverse. And while it seems daunting, we’ve actually reached a point where the “quantum” part of quantum computing is the easiest bit — it’s the “computing” that is inherently complex. For those on the front lines of building powerful quantum computers, this means it’s no longer a physics challenge — it’s an engineering one.

Companies won’t need to know the ins and outs of quantum computers in order to leverage its unprecedented power — they’ll simply benefit from its ability to solve the problems that could never be solved on classical computers.

Internet:<thequantuminsider.com> (adapted).

Regarding the text, judge the following item.

Perfecting the physics of quantum computing is the primary challenge for this new kind of computer.

  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️

117Q1022298 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Habilitado, Prefeitura de Herval D Oeste SC, Wisdom, 2025

De acordo com o texto abaixo, leia e responda:

The advantages ofspeaking a second language.

Just a few generations ago, speaking two languages was supposed to be bad for you. Tests in America found that bilingual people had lower iqs, which seemed evidence enough. Later it became clear that those surveys were really measuring the material poverty of immigrants; members ofsuch families were more likely to be undernourished and understimulated, not to mention the obvious fact that they often sat the tests in a language that was not their best.

Qual era uma ideia equivocada sobre o bilinguismo há algumas gerações, de acordo com o trecho?

  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

118Q1023322 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Educação Básica II Inglês, Prefeitura de Unaí MG, COTEC, 2023

Texto associado.

INSTRUÇÃO: Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão 06.

Convicted Brazilian fugitive captured, ending two-week manhunt in US


Harrisburg: A convicted murderer who escaped from a Pennsylvania jail has been captured with help from a heat-sensing aircraft and a police dog, ending an intense, two-week manhunt that unnerved residents in the Philadelphia suburbs, authorities said.


Tactical teams surrounded the fugitive, Danelo Cavalcante, at around 8am in a rural area about 50 kilometres west of Philadelphia. As he tried to crawl away, a police dog subdued him and he was forcibly taken into custody, Pennsylvania State Police Lieutenant Colonel George Bivens said.


Cavalcante, who was armed with a rifle that he had stolen from a garage, was taken into custody without further incident. Bivens said he did not have the opportunity to use the firearm.


Cavalcante broke out of the Chester County Prison two weeks earlier by climbing between two walls that formed a narrow corridor in the jailhouse yard and scrambling onto the roof, according to police.


“It’s never easy to find someone who doesn’t want to be found in a large area,” Bivens said in response to a question about the extended manhunt during a Wednesday news briefing.


Disponível em: https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/fugitive-captured-ending-two-week-manhunt-in-us-20230914-p5e4im.html. Acesso em: 15 set. 2023. Adaptado.

Os filmes de Hollywood muitas vezes abordam uma ampla variedade de questões sociais por meio de suas narrativas, mas às vezes as próprias produções cinematográficas estadunidenses são criticadas pela insensibilidade a esses temas. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a crítica apresentada no texto.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

119Q1023323 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Educação Básica II Inglês, Prefeitura de Unaí MG, COTEC, 2023

Convicted Brazilian fugitive captured, ending two-week manhunt in US
Harrisburg: A convicted murderer who escaped from a Pennsylvania jail has been captured with help from a heatsensing aircraft and a police dog, ending an intense, two-week manhunt that unnerved residents in the Philadelphia suburbs, authorities said.
Tactical teams surrounded the fugitive, Danelo Cavalcante, at around 8am in a rural area about 50 kilometres west of Philadelphia. As he tried to crawl away, a police dog subdued him and he was forcibly taken into custody, Pennsylvania State Police Lieutenant Colonel George Bivens said.
Cavalcante, who was armed with a rifle that he had stolen from a garage, was taken into custody without further incident. Bivens said he did not have the opportunity to use the firearm.
Cavalcante broke out of the Chester County Prison two weeks earlier by climbing between two walls that formed a narrow corridor in the jailhouse yard and scrambling onto the roof, according to police.
“It’s never easy to find someone who doesn’t want to be found in a large area,” Bivens said in response to a question about the extended manhunt during a Wednesday news briefing.

Disponível em: https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/fugitive-captured-ending-two-week-manhunt-in-us-20230914-p5e4im.html. Acesso em: 15 set. 2023. Adaptado.


A seleção apropriada dos tempos verbais na redação assume um caráter crucial, visto que visa assegurar a clareza e a coesão do texto, fomentando assim a fluidez da leitura. Esse aspecto é de particular relevância em uma composição jornalística, em que se impõe a necessidade de determinar com exatidão a temporalidade das informações veiculadas, o que, por sua vez, confere credibilidade à reportagem, manifestando um zelo pelo rigor e precisão na exposição dos fatos.
Considerando as duas passagens negritadas no texto, o que indica a escolha das estruturas verbais nesses trechos destacados?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

120Q1046880 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Primeiro Dia, ESCOLA NAVAL, Marinha, 2021

Which is the correct option to complete the text below?
Personnel aboard HMS Queen Elizabeth _______ in a sports day to reinvigorate interest in team sports.
The event, led by the NAVYfit team at HMS Temeraire, working under Covid-19 guidance, provided an opportunity for personnel to ______ in a range of activities, designed to show the importance of sport and fitness to health and well-being.

(“Sporting opportunities for carrier personnel”, Naval News, p. 36, December 2020.)
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️
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