Questões de Concursos COSEAC

Lea los siguientes textos y elija la opción correcta de las cuestiones que seplantean a continuación:

Texto 1

El cambio climático constituye la mayor amenaza medioambiental a la que seenfrenta la humanidad.

El problema

El cambio climático es el mal de nuestro tiempo y sus consecuencias pueden serdevastadoras si no reducimos drásticamente la dependencia de los combustiblesfósiles y las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. De hecho, los impactos delcambio climático ya son perceptibles y quedan puestos en evidencia por datos dela Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) como:

1. La temperatura media mundial ha aumentado ya 1,2°C desde la época preindustrial.

2. Los seis años transcurridos desde 2015 son los más cálidos de los que se tienendatos. La década de 2011 a 2020 fue la más cálida jamás registrada.

3. En mayo de 2021 la concentración media mensual de CO2, medida por la OficinaNacional de Administración Oceánica y Atmosférica (NOAA) de Estados Unidos en suobservatorio de Mauna Loa, en Hawai, volvió a alcanzar un máximo históricoacumulado de 417 partes por millón (ppm), una cantidad de CO2 que no se registrabadesde hace tres millones de años.

Pero hoy también estamos viendo cómo se manifiestan con mayor intensidad losimpactos del cambio climático, como:

• Los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos, como danas, tormentas y huracanes.

• Olas de calor más intensas, duraderas y frecuentes que nunca antes.

• Mega-incendios.

• Las sequías.

Esos impactos provocan a su vez daños económicos y sociales, que serán cada vez más graves, como daños en las cosechas y en la producción alimentaria o riesgos en la salud.

En los peores escenarios probables que los expertos reflejan, el aumento de temperatura podría llegar a los 4,8 ºC para final de siglo. El cambio climático es un problema global que alcanza una perspectiva ambiental, política, económica y social en la que las peores previsiones también implican enormes pérdidas económicas. Y es que cuanto más tardemos en actuar, mucho más elevadas serán las inversiones para la adaptación al aumento de la temperatura.

https://es.greenpeace.org/es/que-puedes-hacer-tu/peticiones/emergencia-climatica/

El 79% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero en la Unión Europea son debidas a la quema de combustibles para usos energéticos o de transporte, según datos de Eurostat.

En 2019, el 84% de la energía usada en España provenía de fuentes no renovables como combustibles fósiles o energía nuclear. De hecho España, junto con otros cinco países de la Unión Europea, acumulan alrededor del 72% de las emisiones de todos los gases de efecto invernadero del continente.

Fuente:https://es.greenpeace.org/es/trabajamos-en/cambio-climatico/

TEXT 2

Workplace Burnout Survey

Burnout without borders

Deloitte’s marketplace survey on burnout

Professionals today are undoubtedly feeling the pressure of an ‘always on’ work culture, causing stress and sometimes leading to burnout.

Deloitte’s external marketplace survey of 1,000 full-time US professionals explores the drivers and impact of employee burnout, while also providing insight into the benefits and programs employees feel can help prevent or alleviate burnout versus those their companies are currently offering.

The findings indicate that 77 percent of respondents say they have experienced employee burnout at their current job, with more than half citing more than one occurrence. The survey also uncovered that employers may be missing the mark whenit comes to developing well-being programs that their employees find valuable to address stress in the workplace.

Additionally, the survey found that:

• Employee burnout has no boundaries: 91 percent of respondents say having an unmanageable amount of stress or frustration negatively impacts the quality of their work. 83 percent of respondents say burnout from work can negatively impact their personal relationships.

• Passion may not prevent workplace stress: 87 percent of professionals surveyed say they have passion for their current job but 64 percent say they are frequently stressed, dispelling the myth that passionate employees are immune to stress or burnout.

• Many companies may not be doing enough to minimize burnout: Nearly 70 percent of professionals feel their employers are not doing enough to prevent or alleviate burnout within their organization. 21 percent of respondents say their company does not offer any programs or initiatives to prevent or alleviate burnout.
• Companies should consider workplace culture, not just well-being programs: One in four professionals say they never or rarely take all of their vacation days. The top driver of burnout cited in the survey is lack of support or recognition from leadership, indicating the important role that leaders play in setting the tone.

• Burnout affects millennial retention: 84 percent of millennials say they have experienced burnout at their current job, compared to 77 percent of all respondents. Nearly half of millennials say they have left a job specifically because they felt burned out, compared to 42 percent of all respondents.

from: <https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/burnout-survey.html> Access: 08 Dec., 2023. Adapted

TEXT 2

Workplace Burnout Survey

Burnout without borders

Deloitte’s marketplace survey on burnout

Professionals today are undoubtedly feeling the pressure of an ‘always on’ work culture, causing stress and sometimes leading to burnout.

Deloitte’s external marketplace survey of 1,000 full-time US professionals explores the drivers and impact of employee burnout, while also providing insight into the benefits and programs employees feel can help prevent or alleviate burnout versus those their companies are currently offering.

The findings indicate that 77 percent of respondents say they have experienced employee burnout at their current job, with more than half citing more than one occurrence. The survey also uncovered that employers may be missing the mark whenit comes to developing well-being programs that their employees find valuable to address stress in the workplace.

Additionally, the survey found that:

• Employee burnout has no boundaries: 91 percent of respondents say having an unmanageable amount of stress or frustration negatively impacts the quality of their work. 83 percent of respondents say burnout from work can negatively impact their personal relationships.

• Passion may not prevent workplace stress: 87 percent of professionals surveyed say they have passion for their current job but 64 percent say they are frequently stressed, dispelling the myth that passionate employees are immune to stress or burnout.

• Many companies may not be doing enough to minimize burnout: Nearly 70 percent of professionals feel their employers are not doing enough to prevent or alleviate burnout within their organization. 21 percent of respondents say their company does not offer any programs or initiatives to prevent or alleviate burnout.
• Companies should consider workplace culture, not just well-being programs: One in four professionals say they never or rarely take all of their vacation days. The top driver of burnout cited in the survey is lack of support or recognition from leadership, indicating the important role that leaders play in setting the tone.

• Burnout affects millennial retention: 84 percent of millennials say they have experienced burnout at their current job, compared to 77 percent of all respondents. Nearly half of millennials say they have left a job specifically because they felt burned out, compared to 42 percent of all respondents.

from: <https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/burnout-survey.html> Access: 08 Dec., 2023. Adapted