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Questões de Concursos COSEAC

Resolva questões de COSEAC comentadas com gabarito, online ou em PDF, revisando rapidamente e fixando o conteúdo de forma prática.


2701Q1072144 | Filosofia, Filosofia e a Grécia Antiga, Filosofia, UFF, COSEAC, 2022

Protágoras e Górgias ficaram conhecidos como:
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2702Q1072153 | Filosofia, A Política, Filosofia, UFF, COSEAC, 2022

A oposição entre “estado de natureza” e “estado civil e político” faz parte da filosofia política de:
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2703Q1072158 | Filosofia, Filosofia e a Grécia Antiga, Filosofia, UFF, COSEAC, 2023

Uma das noções mais importantes para os primeiros filósofos gregos é a noção de Cosmos. Para tais filósofos, o Cosmos é:
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2704Q896368 | Enfermagem, Sinais vitais, Enfermeiro, FEMAR RJ, COSEAC, 2024

A técnica de ausculta cardíaca deve, obrigatoriamente, envolver uma sequência lógica e sistematizada de procedimentos direcionados no sentido de se obter o conjunto de informações fisiológicas que seja o mais abrangente possível.
A respeito da ausculta cardíaca é correto afirmar que
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2705Q1023859 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Docente I Língua Estrangeira Inglês, Prefeitura de Maricá RJ, COSEAC, 2024

Texto associado.
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming.
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
The utterance, extracted from the text, which contributes to the rupture of the somewhat tense atmosphere created in the 1st and 2nd paragraphs is:
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2706Q896371 | Enfermagem, Enfermeiro, FEMAR RJ, COSEAC, 2024

A maioria das doenças hematológicas reflete um defeito no sistema hematopoiético, hemostático ou reticuloendotelial.
A respeito do manejo de paciente com distúrbios hematológicos, o enfermeiro deve

I realizar a avaliação física de forma abrangente incluindo uma cuidadosa atenção à pele, cavidade oral, linfonodos e baço.
II abalisar o exame de hemograma completo buscando achados como alterações no número total de células sanguíneas (leucócitos, eritrócitos e plaquetas), proteínas específicas das células, além do grau de celularidade e arquitetura medular.
III buscar, na coleta de dados, informações sobre passado de sangramentos, fadiga e fraqueza, quimioterapia anterior, etilismo e uso de fitoterápicos por exemplo.
IV questionar sobre episódios de menorragia, febre, calafrios, sudorese e anemia nas mulheres, podem indicar mieloma, trombocitopenia grave, coagulopatia e infecções.

Dos itens acima mencionados, estão corretos
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2707Q896384 | Farmácia, Farmacocinética, Farmacêutico, FEMAR RJ, COSEAC, 2024

As interações farmacocinéticas referem-se a situações em que um medicamento modifica a velocidade ou a extensão da absorção, distribuição, biotransformação ou excreção de outro medicamento.
Os medicamentos que diminuem a atividade betabloqueadora ao promover o metabolismo hepático do propranolol e do metoprolol são denominados
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2708Q896386 | Farmácia, Farmacêutico, FEMAR RJ, COSEAC, 2024

Conforme a Lei n° 9.787/99, de 10 de fevereiro de 1999, assinale a opção que caracteriza o medicamento similar:
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2709Q896391 | Farmácia, Farmacêutico, FEMAR RJ, COSEAC, 2024

Conforme a Portaria no 344/1998, fazem parte da lista das substâncias antirretrovirais que são sujeitas a Receituário do Programa DST/AIDS ou a Receita de Controle Especial em duas vias as substâncias:
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2710Q896397 | Farmácia, Farmacêutico, FEMAR RJ, COSEAC, 2024

A Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais - RENAME compreende a seleção e a padronização de medicamentos indicados para atendimento de doenças ou de agravos no âmbito do SUS. Em relação ao acesso universal e igualitário à assistência farmacêutica é correto afirmar que o Distrito Federal e o Município poderão
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2711Q1019830 | Espanhol, Interpretação de Texto Comprensión de Lectura, Língua Espanhola, UFF, COSEAC, 2022

Entre los usos lingüísticos que molestan a las personas con deficiencias están aquellos que
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2712Q1070036 | Filosofia, O que É a Filosofia, Filosofia, UFF, COSEAC, 2023

No século XIX, ocorrem diversas mudanças no pensamento filosófico. Tais mudanças de paradigma em relação aos sistemas filosóficos da Modernidade (sobretudo nos sécs. XVII-XVIII) se deveram em grande parte à influência de Georg Wilhelm Hegel, ilustre filósofo alemão. Assinale a opção que contém a principal influência desse filósofo sobre os sistemas filosóficos subsequentes a sua obra.
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2713Q1019867 | Espanhol, Interpretação de Texto Comprensión de Lectura, Professor II Língua Espanhola, FME de Niterói RJ, COSEAC, 2024

Lea el siguiente texto y responda lo que se pregunta.
Los nadies
Sueñan las pulgas con comprarse un perro y sueñan los nadies con salir de pobres, que algún mágico día llueva de pronto la buena suerte, que llueva a cántaros la buena suerte; pero la buena suerte no llueve ayer, ni hoy, ni mañana, ni nunca, ni en lloviznita cae del cielo la buena suerte, por mucho que los nadies la llamen y aunque les pique la mano izquierda, o se levanten con el pie derecho, o empiecen el año cambiando de escoba.
Los nadies: los hijos de nadie, los dueños de nada. Los nadies: los ningunos, los ninguneados, corriendo la liebre, muriendo la vida, jodidos, rejodidos:
Que no son, aunque sean. Que no hablan idiomas, sino dialectos. Que no hacen arte, sino artesanía. Que no practican cultura, sino folklore. Que no son seres humanos, sino recursos humanos. Que no tienen cara, sino brazos. Que no tienen nombre, sino número. Que no figuran en la historia universal, sino en la crónica roja de la prensa local. Los nadies, que cuestan menos que la bala que los mata.
Fuente: Galeano, E. El libro de los abrazos. Montevideo, Uruguay: Ediciones del Chanchito, 1999.
A partir de la interpretación del poema de Galeano, se infiere que el uso repetido de la partícula sino indica:
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2714Q1070047 | Filosofia, A Política, Filosofia, UFF, COSEAC, 2024

De acordo com a teoria da luta de classes de Karl Marx, indique qual das seguintes afirmações está INCORRETA:
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2715Q1070050 | Filosofia, Conceitos Filosóficos, Filosofia, UFF, COSEAC, 2024

Tomando como base o texto que segue, assinale a opção correta no que tange ao pensamento filosófico de René Descartes:

Se, como diz Descartes no início do Discurso do método, o bom-senso, i.e., a racionalidade é natural ao homem, sendo compartilhada por todos, o que explica a possibilidade e a ocorrência do erro, do engano, da falsidade?


(MARCONDES, D. Iniciação à História da Filosofia. p. 181, Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 2015, 13a. ed.)

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2716Q1070051 | Filosofia, Conceitos Filosóficos, Filosofia, UFF, COSEAC, 2024

No contexto do Empirismo Inglês, especialmente considerando as perspectivas de John Locke e David Hume, identifique a afirmação INCORRETA.
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2717Q1070055 | Filosofia, A Política, Sociologia, UFF, COSEAC, 2022

Sobre a análise de Marx acerca do Modo de Produção Capitalista é CORRETO afirmar que:
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2718Q893671 | Pedagogia, Paulo Freire, Docente II, Prefeitura de Maricá RJ, COSEAC, 2024

Uma das tarefas precípuas da prática educativa-progressista, de acordo com o pensamento de Paulo Freire sobre a curiosidade humana, é:
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2719Q1022960 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Língua Inglesa, UFF, COSEAC, 2024

Texto associado.

TEXT 1


What do AI chatbots really mean for students and cheating?

October 31, 2023 By

Carrie Spector


The launch of ChatGPT and other artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots has triggered an alarm for many educators, who worry about students using the technology to cheat by passing its writing off as their own. But two Stanford researchers say that concern is misdirected, based on their ongoing research into cheating among U.S. high school students before and after the release of ChatGPT.


Here, Lee and Pope discuss the state of cheating in U.S. schools, what research shows about why students cheat, and their recommendations for educators working to address the problem.


What do we know about how much students cheat?


Pope: We know that cheating rates have been high for a long time. At Challenge Success we’ve been running surveys and focus groups at schools for over 15 years, asking students about different aspects of their lives — the amount of sleep they get, homework pressure, extracurricular activities, family expectations, things like that — and also several questions about different forms of cheating.


For years, long before ChatGPT hit the scene, some 60 to 70 percent of students have reported engaging in at least one “cheating” behavior during the previous month. That percentage has stayed about the same or even decreased slightly in our 2023 surveys, when we added questions specific to new AI technologies, like ChatGPT, and how students are using it for school assignments.


So AI isn’t changing how often students cheat — just the tools that they’re using?


Lee: The most prudent thing to say right now is that the data suggest, perhaps to the surprise of many people, that AI is not increasing the frequency of cheating. This may change as students become increasingly familiar with the technology, and we’ll continue to study it and see if and how this changes. But I think it’s important to point out that, in Challenge Success’ most recent survey, students were also asked if and how they felt an AI chatbot like ChatGPT should be allowed for school-related tasks. Many said they thought it should be acceptable for “starter” purposes, like explaining a new concept or generating ideas for a paper. But the vast majority said that using a chatbot to write an entire paper should never be allowed. So this idea that students who’ve never cheated before are going to suddenly run amok and have AI write all of their papers appears unfounded. What would you suggest to school leaders who are concerned about students using AI chatbots?


Pope: Even before ChatGPT, we could never be sure whether kids were getting help from a parent or tutor or another source on their assignments, and this was not considered cheating. Kids in our focus groups are wondering why they can't use ChatGPT as another resource to help them write their papers — not to write the whole thing word for word, but to get the kind of help a parent or tutor would offer. We need to help students and educators find ways to discuss the ethics of using this technology and when it is and isn't useful for student learning.


Lee: There’s a lot of fear about students using this technology. Schools have considered putting significant amounts of money in AI-detection software, which studies show can be highly unreliable. Some districts have tried blocking AI chatbots from school wifi and devices, then repealed those bans because they were ineffective. AI is not going away. Along with addressing the deeper reasons why students cheat, we need to teach students how to understand and think critically about this technology. For starters, at Stanford we’ve begun developing free resources to help teachers bring these topics into the classroom as it relates to different subject areas. We know that 3 teachers don’t have time to introduce a whole new class, but we have been working with teachers to make sure these are activities and lessons that can fit with what they’re already covering in the time they have available.


I think of AI literacy as being akin to driver’s education: We’ve got a powerful tool that can be a great asset, but it can also be dangerous. We want students to learn how to use it responsibly.


Available from: < https://ed.stanford.edu/news/what-do-ai-chatbots-really-mean-students-and-cheating>. Access: 08 Dec., 2023. Adapted.

This research has shown that in 2023 the percentage of students who engaged in cheating practices for school assignments has
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2720Q1024501 | Inglês, Advérbios e Conjunções Adverbs And Conjunctions, Inglês, UFF, COSEAC, 2023

Texto associado.
TEXT 2


How COVID-19 will pave the way for better and more accessible education in Brazil


Blog by Isabela Melara Cavassin
Winner, 4th annual World Bank/Financial Times blog competition


JUNE 21, 2021


It is safe to say that the COVID-19 pandemic has left a mark in every aspect of our lives. Taking the economy for example, the destruction trail left by the virus is made clear when 38 million US citizens apply for unemployment benefits (compared to the 5.8 million that applied pre-covid), or when the stock market goes through a roller coaster motion every other hour.

While the financial turmoil is widely discussed by politicians and experts, other consequences of the pandemic receive little to no attention from the authorities. For instance, the emotional toll brought by the sudden change in educational formats. Leaving both teachers and students in an academic limbo, the transitioning to the online system was turbulent. As the COVID-19 cases rose, so did the number of dropout students due to financial complications, demotivation, or lack of future perspective.

Unfortunately, few institutions put effort into making online school an enjoyable and valid format of learning. However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions.

A good example is the inverted classroom method, which got popular in Brazilian High Schools and kept students from dropping out, ensuring them independence to learn on their own way. In this method, the teacher shares reliable sources and leads the class so they can study by themselves. After the students have read the material, an online meeting is held, the subject is discussed, and eventual doubts are solved.

The inverted classroom encourages healthy studying habits, stimulates the establishment of a routine, and makes learning a much more personalized and rewarding experience. The teacher assumes a tutor role, rather than an authority.

The public schools that successfully implemented this innovative online teaching method were recognized by the Brazilian National Council of Secretaries of Education. In December 2020, 5 schools were awarded with the School Management Award, including one in a rural area. The first place was awarded with a 30 thousand Brazilian Reais prize to purchase equipment.

As a public-school student, I have seen my teachers struggle with switching from one method to another, fighting to assure proper equipment to those who did not have it. It is refreshing to know the effort will not go to waste. The newly adopted stimulating method (and the ones that are to be)will continue to improve learning and its accessibility, by combining technology and passion for education



Available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/how-covid-19-will-pave-way-better-and-more-accessible-education-brazil.

The connecting word “However”, in ‘However, there were those that did pave the way for quality education solutions” expresses:
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