Questões de Concursos FURB

NO KID-DING Why you should never let your kids take a bag on the plane − even if it's free

(§ 1) A TRAVEL expert has revealed you should never let your kids bring a bag on the plane if you want a stress-free journey.

(§ 2) Experienced flyer, Vanessa Grant recommends parents don't let their kids take a bag with them after sharing her recent experience of travelling with her kids - aged 8 and 11.

(§ 3) "Smart packing is what really saved us," she said.

(§ 4) Vanessa did two long-haul flights with her family from Canada to Indonesia which went smoothly because the kids didn't have bags, she claims.

(§ 5) It is important to "instil a sense of responsibility" in kids however, it is not worth the stress of tracking down a lost backpack __ a busy international airport, according to the travel expert.

(§ 6) Vanessa explained: "The stakes are just too high and even replacing a charging cord can be pricey at a duty-free shop, let alone a whole backpack's worth of stuff."

(§ 7) It is also important to bring the right type of carry-on when travelling with your family, to make your life a lot easier.

(§ 8) A small rolling suitcase is perfect for long-haul flights and "is like the clown car of carry-ons".

(§ 9) Vanessa added: "It fits a change of clothes for three of us, plus toiletries and some snacks."

(§ 10) Instead of storing your carry-on in the overhead bins you should put it __ the seat of your shortest child so they'll be able to rest their feet on it, Vanessa recommends.

(§ 11) This clever hack will stop your child from complaining as it is "uncomfortable to have your legs hanging for hours".

(§ 12) Packing a change of clothes for everyone will ensure you have a smoother journey, according to the experienced flyer.

(§ 13) "Spills and vomiting can happen to anyone," she said.

(§ 14) Vanessa added: "One of my kids lost multiple socks __ the plane and in the hotel.

(§ 15) "Luckily most airlines give passengers a little package including a toothbrush and toothpaste, ear plugs, an eye mask and socks so we had a few extra pairs."

(§ 16) Bringing snacks for your kids can end up saving a lot of money as they likely won't eat all the food offered by airlines, "unless your child is a unicorn".

(§ 17) Vanessa also recommends bringing an empty water bottle you can fill up before getting on the plane.

(§ 18) Most kids on flights are thrilled to get "hours of uninterrupted screen time, both on their tablets and thescreens on the back of seats in front of them".

(§ 19) However, screens even for kids can get old quickly.

(§ 20) Parents should bring alternative activities for their children.

(§ 21) Vanessa brought a book, notepad and pens which kept them entertained throughout the flight.

(§ 22) Forgetting either your charger or headphones can spoil the whole journey, the travel expert claims.

(§ 23) Parents will need the chargers to make sure their children can stay entertained on the screens.

(§ 24) "We brought headphones for everyone," Vanessa said.

(§ 25) She added: "No one—including you—wants to hear the sound effects from your kid's favourite video game for hours on end."

https://www.thesun.co.uk/travel/26306770/never-let-your-kidstake-a-bag-on-plane/ (adaptado)

Read the excerpt of the book entitled 'The Other Tongue: English across cultures' written by Joshua A. Fishman, published in 1992:

The ongoing nativization of non-native Englishes in various parts of the world proceeds within the penumbra of a rather stable and widespread image of English. This image is itself both influenced by and, in turn, contributory to an international sociolinguistic balance of power that characterizes the latter part of the twentieth century. This balance of power rests solidly on three realities: (1) not only is English increasingly associated with technological modernity and power, but this association is now being fostered by non-English mother-tongue interests; (2) English is both functionally fostered and regulated by local political authorities; and (3) indigenous "preferred languages" are complementary fostered and regulated by these same authorities.

Not only is English still spreading, but it is even being spread by non-English mother-tongue interests.

The world has previously witnessed the spread of languages of empire, the diffusion of lingua francas, and the growth of international languages. In most respects, therefore, the continued spread of English for international and intranational purposes is not novel in the annals of world history—or, if it is novel, it is so primarily in a quantitative sense, in terms of scale, rate, and degree, rather than in any qualitative sense or in terms of kind. If there is something qualitatively newunder the sun in conjunction with the spread of English in the non-English mother-tongue world, it is merely that the spread has reached such an order of magnitude that it is now significantly fostered by the non- English mother-tongue world, rather than being predominantly de- pendent on resources, efforts, or personnel of the English mothertongue world (Conrad and Fishman 1977). Whether we monitor the veritable army of English-speaking econo-technical specialists, advisors, and representatives, or whether we examine the diffusion of English publications, films, radio and television programs, literacy programs and educational opportunities, it is becoming increasingly clear that non-English mother-tongue countries are significantly active in each of these connections. Nor is their involvement merely that of Third World recipients of Western largesse. True, Third World nations are themselves fostering massive efforts via and on behalf of English. On the other hand, however, equally massive programs via English are being conducted by the Soviet Union, the Arab world, and mainland China-world powers that have their own well-developed standard languages and that normally oppose various political, philosophical, and economic goals of the English mother-tongue world.

Source: FISHMAN, Joshua A. Sociology of English as an additional language. The other tongue: English across cultures, v. 2, p. 19-26, 1992.

Quando estressadas, por exemplo, pela falta de água, as plantas apresentam alterações na cor, no cheiro e na forma. Podem também liberar compostos orgânicos voláteis. Ou ainda emitir sons ultrassônicos, na frequência de 20 a 150 quilohertz (kHz).

Embora não sejam captados pelos seres humanos, esses sons poderiam alcançar outras plantas ou insetos, de acordo com experimentos com plantas de tomate e de tabaco feitos por equipes das universidades de Tel-Aviv, em Israel, e Harvard, nos Estados Unidos.

Os pesquisadores criaram quatro grupos - plantas de tomate estressadas pela seca, de tomate com o caule cortado, de tabaco estressadas pela seca e de tabaco também com o caule cortado -, comparados a um grupo-controle (isto é, de plantas saudáveis), e colocaram microfones próximo a elas.

As frequências dos sons de cada grupo se mostraram proporcionais aos níveis de lesões e diferenciaram os grupos. As plantas secas de tomate e tabaco emitiram sons com frequência média máxima de 49,6 kHz e 54,8 kHz, respectivamente. Já nas plantas cortadas, a frequência média máxima foi de 57,3 kHz e 57,8 kHz. Os pesquisadores também gravaram sons de trigo, milho, videira e cactos (Cell, 30 de março).

Retirado e adaptado de: WEBER, Jean. Os sons das plantas feridas. Revista Pesquisa FAPESP. Disponível em: https://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/os-sons-das-plantas-feridas/ Acesso em: 12 maio, 2023.

NO KID-DING Why you should never let your kids take a bag on the plane − even if it's free

(§ 1) A TRAVEL expert has revealed you should never let your kids bring a bag on the plane if you want a stress-free journey.

(§ 2) Experienced flyer, Vanessa Grant recommends parents don't let their kids take a bag with them after sharing her recent experience of travelling with her kids - aged 8 and 11.

(§ 3) "Smart packing is what really saved us," she said.

(§ 4) Vanessa did two long-haul flights with her family from Canada to Indonesia which went smoothly because the kids didn't have bags, she claims.

(§ 5) It is important to "instil a sense of responsibility" in kids however, it is not worth the stress of tracking down a lost backpack __ a busy international airport, according to the travel expert.

(§ 6) Vanessa explained: "The stakes are just too high and even replacing a charging cord can be pricey at a duty-free shop, let alone a whole backpack's worth of stuff."

(§ 7) It is also important to bring the right type of carry-on when travelling with your family, to make your life a lot easier.

(§ 8) A small rolling suitcase is perfect for long-haul flights and "is like the clown car of carry-ons".

(§ 9) Vanessa added: "It fits a change of clothes for three of us, plus toiletries and some snacks."

(§ 10) Instead of storing your carry-on in the overhead bins you should put it __ the seat of your shortest child so they'll be able to rest their feet on it, Vanessa recommends.

(§ 11) This clever hack will stop your child from complaining as it is "uncomfortable to have your legs hanging for hours".

(§ 12) Packing a change of clothes for everyone will ensure you have a smoother journey, according to the experienced flyer.

(§ 13) "Spills and vomiting can happen to anyone," she said.

(§ 14) Vanessa added: "One of my kids lost multiple socks __ the plane and in the hotel.

(§ 15) "Luckily most airlines give passengers a little package including a toothbrush and toothpaste, ear plugs, an eye mask and socks so we had a few extra pairs."

(§ 16) Bringing snacks for your kids can end up saving a lot of money as they likely won't eat all the food offered by airlines, "unless your child is a unicorn".

(§ 17) Vanessa also recommends bringing an empty water bottle you can fill up before getting on the plane.

(§ 18) Most kids on flights are thrilled to get "hours of uninterrupted screen time, both on their tablets and thescreens on the back of seats in front of them".

(§ 19) However, screens even for kids can get old quickly.

(§ 20) Parents should bring alternative activities for their children.

(§ 21) Vanessa brought a book, notepad and pens which kept them entertained throughout the flight.

(§ 22) Forgetting either your charger or headphones can spoil the whole journey, the travel expert claims.

(§ 23) Parents will need the chargers to make sure their children can stay entertained on the screens.

(§ 24) "We brought headphones for everyone," Vanessa said.

(§ 25) She added: "No one—including you—wants to hear the sound effects from your kid's favourite video game for hours on end."

https://www.thesun.co.uk/travel/26306770/never-let-your-kidstake-a-bag-on-plane/ (adaptado)