Questões de Concursos FUVEST

If you take a look at my smartphone, you’ll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant you’d be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses’ brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They don’t like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customer’s hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners’ permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date.

But there is another reason why restaurant owners aren’t fond of delivery services. It’s the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurant’s margins to the extent that it’s at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people.

The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nation’s restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together.

The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado.

Mito, na acepção aqui empregada, não significa mentira, falsidade ou mistificação. Tomo de empréstimo a formulação de Hans Blumenberg do mito político como um processo contínuo de trabalho de uma narrativa que responde a uma necessidade prática de uma sociedade em determinado período. Narrativa simbólica que é, o mito político coloca em suspenso o problema da verdade. Seu discurso não pretende ter validade factual, mas também não pode ser percebido como mentira (do contrário, não seria mito). O mito político confere um sentido às circunstâncias que envolvem os indivíduos: ao fazê‐los ver sua condição presente como parte de uma história em curso, ajuda a compreender e suportar o mundo em que vivem.

ENGELKE, Antonio. O anjo redentor. Piauí, ago. 2018, ed. 143, p. 24

Scientists have long touted DNA’s potential as an ideal storage medium; it’s dense, easy to replicate, and stable over millennia. But in order to replace existing silicon‐chip or magnetic‐tape storage technologies, DNA will have to get a lot cheaper to predictably read, write, and package.

That’s where scientists like Hyunjun Park come in. He and the other cofounders of Catalog, an MIT DNA‐storage spinoff emerging out of stealth on Tuesday, are building a machine that will write a terabyte of data a day, using 500 trillion molecules of DNA.

If successful, DNA storage could be the answer to a uniquely 21st‐century problem: information overload. Five years ago humans had produced 4.4 zettabytes of data; that's set to explode to 160 zettabytes (each year!) by 2025. Current infrastructure can handle only a fraction of the coming data deluge, which is expected to consume all the world's microchip‐grade silicon by 2040.

“Today’s technology is already close to the physical limits of scaling,” says Victor Zhirnov, chief scientist of the Semiconductor Research Corporation. “DNA has an information‐storage density several orders of magnitude higher than any other known storage technology.”

How dense exactly? Imagine formatting every movie ever made into DNA; it would be smaller than the size of a sugar cube. And it would last for 10,000 years.

Wired, June, 2018. Disponível em https://www.wired.com/. Adaptado.

Oxigênio (O2) e ozônio (O3) estão em constante processo de consumo e produção na estratosfera, como representado pelas equações químicas a seguir. As reações I e II ilustram etapas da produção de ozônio a partir de oxigênio, e a reação III mostra a restauração de oxigênio a partir de ozônio.

Reação ΔH (kcal/mol de O2)

I O2 → 2 O. −118

II 2 O2 + 2 O. → 2 O3 ΔHII

III 2 O3 → 3 O2 +21

Oxigênio (O2) e ozônio (O3) estão em constante processo de consumo e produção na estratosfera, como representado pelas equações químicas a seguir. As reações I e II ilustram etapas da produção de ozônio a partir de oxigênio, e a reação III mostra a restauração de oxigênio a partir de ozônio.

Reação ΔH (kcal/mol de O2)

I O2 → 2 O. −118

II 2 O2 + 2 O. → 2 O3 ΔHII

III 2 O3 → 3 O2 +21