Questões de Concursos UNICEUB

Leia o trecho do romance Menino de engenho, de José Lins do Rego, para responder à questão.

A velha Totonha de quando em vez batia no engenho. E era um acontecimento para a meninada. Ela vivia de contar histórias de Trancoso1 . Pequenina e toda engelhada2 , tão leve que uma ventania poderia carregá-la, andava léguas e léguas a pé, de engenho a engenho, como uma edição viva das Mil e uma noites. Que talento ela possuía para contar as suas histórias, com um jeito admirável de falar em nome de todos os personagens! Sem nem um dente na boca, e com uma voz que dava todos os tons às palavras.

(Menino de engenho, 2000.)

1 Trancoso: escritor português do século XVI.

2 engelhada: enrugada.

Leia o trecho do conto de Guimarães Rosa para responder à questão.

A Moça e o Moço, quando entre si, passavam-se um embebido olhar, diferente do dos outros; e radiava em ambos um modo igual, parecido. Eles olhavam um para o outro como os passarinhos ouvidos de repente a cantar, as árvores pé-ante-pé, as nuvens desconcertadas: como do assoprado das cinzas a esplendição das brasas. Eles se olhavam para não-distância, estiadamente, sem saberes, sem caso.

(“Nenhum, nenhuma”. Primeiras estórias, 1988.)

Leia o texto para responder à questao.

Imagine feeling as though you are floating above your body, looking down upon your physical self. Some argue that such out-of-body experiences (OBEs) prove that the conscious mind — or even the soul — can leave the body. Supporting this interpretation, people who have survived a near-death experience often recall experiencing this out-ofbody sensation — as if their spiritual essence had separated from their corporeal existence.

However, the scientific explanation for OBEs is more terrestrial. Neuroscientists and psychologists believe it has to do with neural processes going wrong. In those who come close to death, such as cardiac arrest survivors, it is the lack of oxygen to the brain, and the release of certain neurochemicals triggered by trauma, that interferes with the sensory functions that support our usual feelings of embodiment. People’s recollections of seeing themselves from above — such as observing surgeons working on their body — could be a form of hallucination or false memory, as they try to make sense of their experiences.

Researchers have induced out-of-body states in healthy volunteers simply by confusing their sensory systems. For instance, scientists at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm asked volunteers to wear goggles that showed the perspective of a camera placed behind them (so that they could see themselves from behind). When a researcher prodded the camera with a baton at the same time as prodding the person’s chest, the volunteer had the sensation that they were floating behind their physical body. The fact it is possible to induce an OBE argues against more mystical explanations.

(Christian Jarret. www.sciencefocus.com, 2019. Adaptado.)

Leia o trecho do conto de Guimarães Rosa para responder à questão.

A Moça e o Moço, quando entre si, passavam-se um embebido olhar, diferente do dos outros; e radiava em ambos um modo igual, parecido. Eles olhavam um para o outro como os passarinhos ouvidos de repente a cantar, as árvores pé-ante-pé, as nuvens desconcertadas: como do assoprado das cinzas a esplendição das brasas. Eles se olhavam para não-distância, estiadamente, sem saberes, sem caso.

(“Nenhum, nenhuma”. Primeiras estórias, 1988.)

Leia o texto para responder à questao.

Imagine feeling as though you are floating above your body, looking down upon your physical self. Some argue that such out-of-body experiences (OBEs) prove that the conscious mind — or even the soul — can leave the body. Supporting this interpretation, people who have survived a near-death experience often recall experiencing this out-ofbody sensation — as if their spiritual essence had separated from their corporeal existence.

However, the scientific explanation for OBEs is more terrestrial. Neuroscientists and psychologists believe it has to do with neural processes going wrong. In those who come close to death, such as cardiac arrest survivors, it is the lack of oxygen to the brain, and the release of certain neurochemicals triggered by trauma, that interferes with the sensory functions that support our usual feelings of embodiment. People’s recollections of seeing themselves from above — such as observing surgeons working on their body — could be a form of hallucination or false memory, as they try to make sense of their experiences.

Researchers have induced out-of-body states in healthy volunteers simply by confusing their sensory systems. For instance, scientists at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm asked volunteers to wear goggles that showed the perspective of a camera placed behind them (so that they could see themselves from behind). When a researcher prodded the camera with a baton at the same time as prodding the person’s chest, the volunteer had the sensation that they were floating behind their physical body. The fact it is possible to induce an OBE argues against more mystical explanations.

(Christian Jarret. www.sciencefocus.com, 2019. Adaptado.)

Leia o texto para responder à questao.

Imagine feeling as though you are floating above your body, looking down upon your physical self. Some argue that such out-of-body experiences (OBEs) prove that the conscious mind — or even the soul — can leave the body. Supporting this interpretation, people who have survived a near-death experience often recall experiencing this out-ofbody sensation — as if their spiritual essence had separated from their corporeal existence.

However, the scientific explanation for OBEs is more terrestrial. Neuroscientists and psychologists believe it has to do with neural processes going wrong. In those who come close to death, such as cardiac arrest survivors, it is the lack of oxygen to the brain, and the release of certain neurochemicals triggered by trauma, that interferes with the sensory functions that support our usual feelings of embodiment. People’s recollections of seeing themselves from above — such as observing surgeons working on their body — could be a form of hallucination or false memory, as they try to make sense of their experiences.

Researchers have induced out-of-body states in healthy volunteers simply by confusing their sensory systems. For instance, scientists at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm asked volunteers to wear goggles that showed the perspective of a camera placed behind them (so that they could see themselves from behind). When a researcher prodded the camera with a baton at the same time as prodding the person’s chest, the volunteer had the sensation that they were floating behind their physical body. The fact it is possible to induce an OBE argues against more mystical explanations.

(Christian Jarret. www.sciencefocus.com, 2019. Adaptado.)

Leia o texto para responder à questao.

Imagine feeling as though you are floating above your body, looking down upon your physical self. Some argue that such out-of-body experiences (OBEs) prove that the conscious mind — or even the soul — can leave the body. Supporting this interpretation, people who have survived a near-death experience often recall experiencing this out-ofbody sensation — as if their spiritual essence had separated from their corporeal existence.

However, the scientific explanation for OBEs is more terrestrial. Neuroscientists and psychologists believe it has to do with neural processes going wrong. In those who come close to death, such as cardiac arrest survivors, it is the lack of oxygen to the brain, and the release of certain neurochemicals triggered by trauma, that interferes with the sensory functions that support our usual feelings of embodiment. People’s recollections of seeing themselves from above — such as observing surgeons working on their body — could be a form of hallucination or false memory, as they try to make sense of their experiences.

Researchers have induced out-of-body states in healthy volunteers simply by confusing their sensory systems. For instance, scientists at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm asked volunteers to wear goggles that showed the perspective of a camera placed behind them (so that they could see themselves from behind). When a researcher prodded the camera with a baton at the same time as prodding the person’s chest, the volunteer had the sensation that they were floating behind their physical body. The fact it is possible to induce an OBE argues against more mystical explanations.

(Christian Jarret. www.sciencefocus.com, 2019. Adaptado.)