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81Q898984 | Português, Noções de Fonética, Edital nº 29, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

No que diz respeito à fonologia e à fonética, analise as assertivas:
I.A análise fonológica se preocupa com a articulação levando em conta as variações, ou seja, os alofones, enquanto a análise fonética se preocupa somente com o fonema
II.Na língua portuguesa, a base da sílaba ou o elemento silábico é a vogal e os elementos assilábicos são a consoante e a semivogal.
III.Os ditongos nasais são sempre fechados, enquanto os orais podem ser abertos (pai, céu) ou fechados (meu, doido, veia).
IV.O vocábulo '"coordenação" possui 11 letras e 11 fonemas e o vocábulo "queixa" possui 6 letras e 5 fonemas.
V.Dígrafo é a sequência de duas letras que representam, na palavra, um único fonema, exemplificados nos vocábulos: queda, ombro, chuva, aguar, equino.

Estão corretas:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

82Q899800 | Inglês, Professor Inglês, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Texto associado.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great swayin the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, andhe performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


What can be inferred about Antiochus I's relationship with his Babylonian subjects?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

83Q899805 | Pedagogia, Inclusão e Exclusão, Professor Inglês, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

A compreensão auditiva é uma habilidade receptiva que envolve a decodificação de sons, a identificação de palavras e a compreensão de significados em diferentes contextos orais. Isso inclui a habilidade de lidar com variações de sotaque, velocidade da fala e ruídos de fundo, como ocorre em situações reais de comunicação. Com base nesse conceito, assinale a alternativa correta sobre os desafios e estratégias no desenvolvimento da compreensão auditiva em língua inglesa:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

84Q899624 | Pedagogia, Plano Nacional de Educação PNE, Professor Educação Física, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

A Lei nº 13.005/2014, que aprovou o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), estabeleceu metas e estratégias que impactam diretamente a Lei nº 9.394/1996 (Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação - LDB). Uma das mudanças significativas diz respeito à obrigatoriedade e gratuidade da educação básica. Com base nessas alterações, qual das seguintes afirmações está correta?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

85Q898860 | Biologia, Artrópodes, Edital nº 29, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Os óvulos dos animais são células grandes e imóveis, os quais contêm reserva de nutrientes, fato importante para o desenvolvimento do embrião. Logo, esses nutrientes compõem o vitelo, sendo que a quantidade e a localização do vitelo são variáveis nos diferentes tipos deóvulo. O ovo centrolécito, onde o vitelo ocupa praticamente toda a célula, reduzindo a porção do citoplasma sem vitelo a uma pequena região na periferia da célula e junto ao núcleo, tem como representante o seguinte grupo:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

86Q899639 | Pedagogia, Aspectos Psicológicos da Educação, Educação Infantil, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

O desenvolvimento na primeira infância é crucial para a aprendizagem ao longo da vida. Assim, avalie as proposições:

I. O desenvolvimento cerebral do ser humano inicia-se durante a gestação, com a formação das primeiras células do cérebro e continua ao longo da vida até a idade adulta, mesmo que em menor grau.
II. A plasticidade cerebral, ou seja, a capacidade das células cerebrais de se regenerarem, é máxima durante a adolescência, período de maior atividade de replicação neuronal.
III. A formação de sinapses e conexões nervosas, processo fundamental para o desenvolvimento cognitivo, é mais intensa nos primeiros anos de vida.

Assinale a alternativa correta:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

87Q899802 | Inglês, Professor Inglês, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Texto associado.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great swayin the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, andhe performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


What does the phrase "king of the world" in the cylinder most likely reflect?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

88Q899864 | Pedagogia, Teorias e Práticas para o Ensino Religioso, Professor Ensino Religioso, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Em um curso de Formação de Professores, discute-se a importância da metodologia de ensino de Ciências da Religião. Qual das seguintes abordagens metodológicas é mais eficaz para promover uma compreensão crítica e interdisciplinar das diferentes tradições religiosas entre os alunos?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

89Q899798 | Inglês, Professor Inglês, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Texto associado.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great swayin the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, andhe performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


The text states that Antiochus I performed "a Greek sacrifice" after tripping during a ceremony. What does this detail suggest about his approach to ruling?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

90Q898862 | Biologia, Relações ecológicas, Edital nº 29, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

As relações que se estabelecem em uma comunidade podem ser do tipo intraespecíficas, quando ocorrem entre seres da mesma espécie, ou interespecíficas, quando há relações entre seres de espécies diferentes. Abaixo estão algumas relações interespecíficas, onde não há prejuízo para nenhum dos participantes, EXCETO em:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

91Q898866 | Biologia, Introdução aos estudos das Plantas, Edital nº 29, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

A flor completa apresenta o pedúnculo, o receptáculo e os verticilos florais. Na morfologia das flores são encontradas as estruturas descritas nas colunas abaixo, correlacione-as:
Coluna I 1.Corola. 2.Pistilo. 3.Cálice.
Coluna II a.Conjunto de sépalas. b.Conjunto de pétalas. c.Conjunto de carpelos.

Assinale a alternativa com a correta correlação entre as colunas I e II.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

92Q899908 | Pedagogia, Base Nacional Comum Curricular BNCC, Fundamental, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) propõe uma abordagem que combina a centralidade do texto com práticas sociais de leitura e escrita. Sobre essa proposta, analise as alternativas abaixo:

Sobre essa proposta, analise as alternativas abaixo e assinale a CORRETA.

  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

93Q1045435 | Português, Interpretação de Textos, Professor Educação Especial, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Texto associado.

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder a questão.


A 'epidemia' de miopia que atinge 1 em 3 crianças no mundo (mas ainda não é tão comum no Brasil)


A visão das crianças parece ter piorado nos últimos anos. Uma em cada três tem miopia ou é incapaz de ver claramente coisas à distância, sugere um levantamento global.


Os autores do trabalho avaliam que o isolamento relacionado à pandemia da COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo na visão, pois as crianças passaram mais tempo em telas — e menos tempo ao ar livre.


A miopia é uma preocupação global crescente de saúde, e deve afetar milhões de crianças até 2050, alerta o estudo.


As taxas mais altas da condição estão concentradas na Ásia — 85% das crianças no Japão e 73% na Coreia do Sul são míopes, com mais de 40% afetadas na China.


Paraguai e Uganda, com cerca de 1% de miopia entre o público infantil, tiveram alguns dos níveis mais baixos encontrados na pesquisa.


O Brasil também apresenta uma baixa frequência do quadro: 3% das crianças do país são míopes.


Vale ponderar que esse dado brasileiro vem de um único estudo, feito em 2013 na Universidade de São Paulo em Ribeirão Preto, que avaliou 1.590 indivíduos de 10 a 15 anos na cidade de Gurupi, no Tocantins.


O levantamento internacional, publicado no British Journal of Ophthalmology, analisou pesquisas que envolveram mais de 5 milhões de crianças e adolescentes de 50 países em todos os continentes.


Os cálculos revelaram que os casos de miopia triplicaram entre 1990 e 2023.


E o aumento foi "particularmente notável" após a pandemia da COVID-19, segundo os autores.


A miopia geralmente começa durante os anos do Ensino Fundamental e tende a piorar até que o olho pare de crescer, por volta dos 20 anos de idade.


Existem fatores que aumentam o risco de desenvolver a condição — viver no Leste Asiático é um deles.


O quadro também está relacionado à genética e certas mutações que as crianças herdam de seus pais, mas há outros fatores que podem influenciar, como a idade muito jovem, por volta dos dois anos, em que as crianças vão para a escola em países como Singapura e Hong Kong.


Isso significa que esses jovens focam os olhos por mais tempo em livros e telas durante os primeiros anos de vida, o que tensiona os músculos oculares e pode levar à miopia, sugere a pesquisa.


Na África, onde a educação formal começa na idade deseis a oito anos, a incidência de miopia é cerca de um sétimo do que a verificada na Ásia.


Durante os momentos de lockdowns e isolamento da pandemia da COVID-19, quando milhões de pessoas tiveram que ficar em ambientes fechados por longos períodos, a visão de crianças e adolescentes foi prejudicada.


"Evidências recentes sugerem uma associação potencial entre a pandemia e a deterioração acelerada da visão entre jovens adultos", escrevem os pesquisadores.


Até 2050, a miopia pode afetar mais da metade dos adolescentes em todo o mundo, preveem os autores.


Ainda de acordo com o trabalho recém-publicado, meninas e mulheres jovens provavelmente terão taxas mais altas da condição do que indivíduos do sexo masculino porque tendem a passar menos tempo em atividades ao ar livre na escola e em casa à medida que crescem.


Além disso, o desenvolvimento das meninas, incluindo o período da puberdade, se inicia mais cedo, o que significa que elas tendem a ter miopia em uma idade mais precoce.


Embora a Ásia deva ter os índices mais altos da condição em comparação com todos os outros continentes até 2050, os países em desenvolvimento também podem chegar a 40% da população afetada pela miopia no futuro, estimam os pesquisadores.


Como posso proteger a visão do meu filho?


Para reduzir o risco de miopia, as crianças — especialmente aquelas que têm entre sete e nove anos — devem passar pelo menos duas horas ao ar livre todos os dias, sugerem especialistas em oftalmologia do Reino Unido.


A ciência ainda não descobriu se o fator mais preponderante aqui é a presença de luz solar natural, o exercício feito ao ar livre ou o fato de os olhos das crianças precisarem focar em objetos mais distantes durante essas atividades.


"Há algo em estar ao ar livre que traz um benefício real para as crianças", pontua o médico Daniel Hardiman-McCartney, consultor clínico do Colégio de Optometristas do Reino Unido.


Ele também recomenda que os pais levem os filhos para um exame oftalmológico entre os sete e os 10 anos, mesmo que a visão da criança tenha sido verificada em anos anteriores.


Os pais também devem ser avaliados, uma vez que a miopia é hereditária. Caso um dos progenitores seja míope, os filhos têm três vezes mais probabilidade de também desenvolver o quadro.


A miopia não tem cura, mas pode ser corrigida com óculos ou lentes de contato.


Além disso, lentes especiais podem retardar o desenvolvimento da miopia em crianças pequenas, ao estimular o olho a crescer de forma adequada. Noentanto, elas costumam ser caras.


Na Ásia, onde essas lentes especiais já são muito populares, salas de aula feitas de vidro, que mimetizam o aprendizado ao ar livre, também viraram uma das soluções para o problema.


https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c33vzkknmmno


De acordo com as informações do texto é INCORRETO afirmar que:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

94Q899799 | Inglês, Professor Inglês, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Texto associado.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great swayin the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, andhe performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


When using skimming and scanning strategies, which of the following would be the best method to quickly find the year in which Antiochus I began rebuilding the Temple of Ezida?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

95Q898828 | Educação Infantil, Conhecimentos da Educação Infantil, Edital nº 29, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Em uma sociedade em constante transformação, a compreensão da criança como sujeito de direitos, capaz de construir conhecimento e agir com autonomia, requer uma análise crítica dos modelos tradicionais de educação e a adoção de práticas pedagógicas que valorizem a participação infantil, o protagonismo e a expressão individual. Considerando essa perspectiva, analise as seguintes afirmações:
I.A autonomia na Educação Infantil se manifesta na capacidade da criança de fazer escolhas, tomar decisões e agir com independência, respeitando limites e regras, o que contribui para o desenvolvimento da sua identidade e autoconfiança.
II.O desenvolvimento da autonomia está intrinsecamente ligado à construção da identidade da criança, pois, ao exercer sua capacidade de escolha e ação, ela se reconhece como indivíduo capaz de influenciar o mundo ao seu redor.
III.A autonomia infantil deve ser incentivada desde cedo, porém, é importante que o professor imponha limites e regras claras para que a criança aprenda a obedecer e seguir ordens, evitando, assim, comportamentos inadequados.

Assinale a alternativa correta:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

96Q1075490 | Legislação de Trânsito, Segurança dos Veículos Requisitos, Motorista, Prefeitura de Luiz Alves SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Para o transporte de carga em veículo de categoria C, quais dos seguintes procedimentos são obrigatórios para garantir a segurança?
I.Usar amarrações adequadas na carga.
II.Transportar a carga somente em horário diurno.
III.Checar a distribuição do peso da carga.
IV.Manter distância de segurança do veículo à frente.

Marque a alternativa correta:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

97Q899636 | Pedagogia, Legislação da Educação, Educação Infantil, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

A educação infantil no Brasil tem como objetivo central problematizar, inspirar e aperfeiçoar as práticas cotidianas realizadas nos estabelecimentos educacionais. Assim, avalie as proposições:

I. A educação infantil, por se tratar da primeira etapa da Educação Básica, deve ser pensada na perspectiva da complementaridade e da continuidade.
II. No Brasil, de acordo com as leis vigentes, tais quais a Lei de Diretrizes de Bases da Educação Nacional, a educação infantil é obrigatória para todas as crianças de 0 a 6 anos.
III. A educação infantil deve considerar as especificidades culturais das crianças, com práticas pedagógicas que respeitem e valorizem suas particularidades.

Assinale a alternativa correta:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

98Q899907 | Pedagogia, Base Nacional Comum Curricular BNCC, Fundamental, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Você está planejando uma atividade de produção de texto em que os alunos devem escrever uma carta pessoal. Para isso, você decide seguir as orientações da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e utilizardiferentes gêneros textuais. Assim, avalie as proposições:


I. Trabalhar com diferentes gêneros textuais ajuda os alunos a entenderem as características e estruturas de cada tipo de texto.


II. A produção de textos deve focar exclusivamente na correção e aperfeiçoamento de erros gramaticais e ortográficos, visando melhorá-los para os próximos anos.


III. A escrita de cartas pessoais permite que os alunos pratiquem a escrita de forma contextualizada e significativa.


Assinale a alternativa correta:

  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

99Q899797 | Inglês, Professor Inglês, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Texto associado.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great swayin the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, andhe performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


What is the most likely purpose of the "Babyloniaca," written by Berossus?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

100Q899801 | Inglês, Professor Inglês, Prefeitura de Itajaí SC, UNIVALI, 2024

Texto associado.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great swayin the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, andhe performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


Based on the text, what was a major reason for the Seleucids to accommodate local traditions in Babylon?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
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