Questões de Concursos UNIVESP

Trump assina decreto que altera política americana com Cuba

São Paulo e Washington – O presidente Donald Trump defendeu o embargo econômico dos Estados Unidos contra Cuba e condicionou avanços na relação bilateral a mudanças políticas na ilha na direção de eleições livres, libertação de presos políticos e respeito à liberdade de expressão. “Eu estou cancelando o acordo completamente unilateral da última administração com Cuba”, declarou em discurso realizado nesta sexta-feira, 16, em Miami.

Apesar da declaração, Trump reviu apenas questões pontuais da política anunciada por Barack Obama no dia 17 de dezembro de 2014. As mudanças acabam com a possibilidade de viagens individuais para a ilha e proíbem gastos em estabelecimentos turísticos controlados pelo Exército e pelos setores de inteligência e segurança do país. “Lucros provenientes do turismo foram diretamente para as forças armadas”, afirmou.

Além da reversão desses pontos, a grande transformação foi de tom e na sinalização do futuro da relação bilateral. Enquanto Obama defendeu o levantamento do embargo, Trump prometeu reforçá-lo. A agressividade retórica contra o governo de Raúl Castro também indica uma desaceleração do ritmo de normalização das relações bilaterais.

Um dos objetivos do novo acordo, explicou Trump, é garantir que a população cubana seja beneficiada diretamente. O presidente norte-americano, entretanto, buscou frisar que ‘atrocidades’ cometidas desde o início do regime dos irmãos Castro não serão toleradas e insinuou que o governo de Barack Obama negligenciou a prática de crimes contra a população da ilha.

<http://tinyurl.com/y8ol93q4> Acesso em: 17/06/2017. Adaptado.

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HEALTH

PEOPLE WITH A SENSE OF PURPOSE LIVE LONGER,

STUDY SUGGESTS

BY KASHMIRA GANDER ON 5/24/19 AT 11:10 AM EDT

People who have a sense of purpose in life appear to live longer, according to the latest research linking this outlook to a person’squality of lifeand tobetter physical and mental health.

The authors of the study published in the journal JAMA Network Open looked at data collectedfrom6,985 adults who were signed up to theHealth and Retirement Study on people ages 50 and above in the US. The teamlooked at a group who completed a questionnaire in 2006 about their purpose in life, and used it to come up with a score. On average, the participants were 68.6 years old. Next, the scientists looked at causes of death in the group between 2006 and 2010. Variables included their demographic, marital status, race and education level. Lifestyle choices like smoking and drinking were also noted.

Purpose was defined by the authors as a selforganizing life aim that stimulates goals, promotes healthy behaviors and gives meaning to life.

The data revealed that the stronger the participants felt they had a purpose in life, the lower their risk of dying. Thisresult remained even when the scientists adjusted their calculations for factors that could affect their score, such as a participants’sociodemographic statusand their health.

But scientists don’t know why there seems to be a link betweenpurposefulness and the length of life. One explanationis that the attitudeand overall wellbeing could prevent genes linked with inflammation from being expressed in the body. Meanwhile, lacking a purpose could dampen a person’s motivation to be healthy and active, the authors suggested.

Andrew Oswald, a professor of economics and behavioral science at the University of Warwick, in the U.K.,who studies human happiness, toldNewsweek: “It is as though the mind and body can draw on a pool of immune responses, and a healthy mind allows the body more immune response, in some way that we simply do not understand in 2019. Remarkably, a number of studies seem to show that happy people and people with a sense of purpose live longer.

<https://tinyurl.com/yykc8uu4> Acesso em: 27.05.2019. Adaptado.