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Questões de Concursos Inglês

Resolva questões de Inglês comentadas com gabarito, online ou em PDF, revisando rapidamente e fixando o conteúdo de forma prática.

121Q943628 | Biologia, Respiração celular e fermentação, Inglês, USS, ECONRIO, 2022

A produção do vinho ocorre a partir da ação de leveduras que realizam a fermentação dos açúcares da uva, transformando-os em álcool etílico e gás carbônico. Entretanto, ao deixar uma garrafa de vinho aberta, o álcool é oxidado, conferindo à bebida um sabor de vinagre.

Nesse caso, a formação do vinagre é resultado de um processo aeróbio realizado por micro-organismos do gênero

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122Q943631 | Biologia, Sistema Nervoso Humano, Inglês, USS, ECONRIO, 2022

Estudos mostram que a dieta alimentar de um indivíduo influencia diretamente a produção de neurotransmissores. A dieta carnívora fornece grande quantidade dos aminoácidos fenilalanina e tirosina, precursores da adrenalina e da noradrenalina. Já a dieta vegetariana proporciona maior ingestão de triptofano e colina, aminoácidos precursores de acetilcolina e serotonina.

Dessa forma, pode-se afirmar que uma maior ingestão de carne estimula o seguinte ramo do sistema nervoso:

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123Q944064 | Inglês, Sinônimos Synonyms, Inglês, UECE, UECE CEV, 2020

Texto associado.
Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more
plastic than ever, and waste exported for
recycling is often mishandled, according
to a new study.
The United States contribution
to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
significantly larger than previously
thought, possibly by as much as five
times, according to a study published
Friday. The research, published in Science
Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
by the same authors. Two factors
contributed to the sharp increase:
Americans are using more plastic than
ever and the current study included
pollution generated by United States
exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
one did not.
The United States, which does
not have sufficient infrastructure to
handle its recycling demands at home,
exports about half of its recyclable waste.
Of the total exported, about 88 percent
ends up in countries considered to have
inadequate waste management.
“When you consider how much
of our plastic waste isn’t actually
recyclable because it is low-value,
contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
not surprising that a lot of it ends up
polluting the environment,” said the
study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
research professor of oceanography at
Sea Education Association, in a
statement.
The study estimates that in
2016, the United States contributed
between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
plastic waste to the oceans through a
combination of littering, dumping and
mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
that’s almost double the total estimated
waste in the team’s previous study. At the
high end, it would be a fivefold increase
over the earlier estimate.
Nicholas Mallos, a senior
director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
author of the study, said the upper
estimate would be equal to a pile of
plastic covering the area of the White
House Lawn and reaching as high as the
Empire State Building.
The ranges are wide partly
because “there’s no real standard for
being able to provide good quality data on
collection and disposal of waste in
general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
economist at DSM Environmental
Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
practices in countries around the world
and used their “best professional
judgment” to determine the lowest and
highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
escape into the environment. They settled
on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
Tony Walker, an associate
professor at the Dalhousie University
School for Resource and Environmental
Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
analyzing waste data can amount to a
“data minefield” because there are no
data standards across municipalities.
Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
overseas, he said, data is often not
recorded at all.
Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
was not involved in the study, said it
could offer a more accurate accounting of
plastic pollution than the previous study,
which likely underestimated the United
States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
best estimate, as accurate as they can be
with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
which underscores that the figures are
estimates.
Of the plastics that go into the
United States recycling system, about 9
percent of the country’s total plastic
waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
be remade into new consumer goods. New
plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
that only certain expensive, high-grade
plastics are profitable to recycle within the
United States, which is why roughly half
of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
which data is available.
Since 2016, however, the
recycling landscape has changed. China
and many countries in Southeast Asia
have stopped accepting plastic waste
imports. And lower oil prices have further
reduced the market for recycled plastic.
“What the new study really underscores is
we have to get a handle on source
reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
starts with eliminating unnecessary and
problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
“There are no data standards” (lines 73-74) can be correctly rewritten as
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124Q1023490 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Inglês, Prefeitura de Pitangueiras SP, Consulplan, 2024

Texto associado.
Read and analyse this set of procedural phases of instruction.


1.Presentation of a brief dialogue or several mini-dialogues.

2.Oral practice of each utterance in the dialogue.

3.Questions and answers based on the topic and situation in the dialogue.

4.Questions and answers related to the student's personal experience but centered on the theme of the dialogue.

5.Study of the basic communicative expressions used in the dialogue or one of the structures that exemplify the function.

6.Learner discovery of generalizations or rules underlying the functional ex pression of structure.

7.Oral recognition, interpretative procedures.

8.Oral production activities, proceeding from guided to freer communication.
According to the procedural phases/steps of instruction introduced and handled above, it is illustrated what we call:
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125Q946983 | Matemática, Funções Trigonométricas e Funções Trigonométricas Inversas, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2018

Uma circunferência no primeiro quadrante tangencia os eixos coordenados. Sabendo-se que a distância entre o centro (x0, y0) dessa circunferência e a origem do sistema é d = 3√2 , então a equação da circunferência é
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126Q947026 | Matemática, Progressão Aritmética, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2019

Sejam (a1, a2, a3,...) uma progressão aritmética de razão r = 3 e (b1, b2, b3,...) uma progressão geométrica de razão q = r² – 7 e, ainda, b1 = a1 + 2, b2 = a2 + 1 e b3 = a3 + 2. A soma dos 7 primeiros termos dessa progressão geométrica é:
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127Q949137 | Matemática, Função de 2 Grau ou Função Quadrática e Inequações, Inglês, PUC RS, PUC RS

O edifício 20 Fenchurch Street, localizado em Londres e conhecido como Walkie Talkie, tem causado diversos problemas para a sua vizinhança. Moradores e funcionários da região têm argumentado que, desde a sua construção, os ventos estão mais intensos nas imediações do prédio. Além disso, houve registros de carros estacionados nas proximidades do prédio que tiveram suas pinturas danificadas e suas peças derretidas por conta da reflexão da luz solar ocasionada pelo arranha-céu. Os carros foram danificados porque pelo menos uma das faces do prédio tem formato semelhante a

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128Q944050 | Inglês, Inglês, UECE, UECE CEV, 2020

Texto associado.
Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more
plastic than ever, and waste exported for
recycling is often mishandled, according
to a new study.
The United States contribution
to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
significantly larger than previously
thought, possibly by as much as five
times, according to a study published
Friday. The research, published in Science
Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
by the same authors. Two factors
contributed to the sharp increase:
Americans are using more plastic than
ever and the current study included
pollution generated by United States
exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
one did not.
The United States, which does
not have sufficient infrastructure to
handle its recycling demands at home,
exports about half of its recyclable waste.
Of the total exported, about 88 percent
ends up in countries considered to have
inadequate waste management.
“When you consider how much
of our plastic waste isn’t actually
recyclable because it is low-value,
contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
not surprising that a lot of it ends up
polluting the environment,” said the
study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
research professor of oceanography at
Sea Education Association, in a
statement.
The study estimates that in
2016, the United States contributed
between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
plastic waste to the oceans through a
combination of littering, dumping and
mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
that’s almost double the total estimated
waste in the team’s previous study. At the
high end, it would be a fivefold increase
over the earlier estimate.
Nicholas Mallos, a senior
director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
author of the study, said the upper
estimate would be equal to a pile of
plastic covering the area of the White
House Lawn and reaching as high as the
Empire State Building.
The ranges are wide partly
because “there’s no real standard for
being able to provide good quality data on
collection and disposal of waste in
general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
economist at DSM Environmental
Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
practices in countries around the world
and used their “best professional
judgment” to determine the lowest and
highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
escape into the environment. They settled
on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
Tony Walker, an associate
professor at the Dalhousie University
School for Resource and Environmental
Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
analyzing waste data can amount to a
“data minefield” because there are no
data standards across municipalities.
Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
overseas, he said, data is often not
recorded at all.
Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
was not involved in the study, said it
could offer a more accurate accounting of
plastic pollution than the previous study,
which likely underestimated the United
States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
best estimate, as accurate as they can be
with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
which underscores that the figures are
estimates.
Of the plastics that go into the
United States recycling system, about 9
percent of the country’s total plastic
waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
be remade into new consumer goods. New
plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
that only certain expensive, high-grade
plastics are profitable to recycle within the
United States, which is why roughly half
of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
which data is available.
Since 2016, however, the
recycling landscape has changed. China
and many countries in Southeast Asia
have stopped accepting plastic waste
imports. And lower oil prices have further
reduced the market for recycled plastic.
“What the new study really underscores is
we have to get a handle on source
reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
starts with eliminating unnecessary and
problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
The article mentions that half of the American recyclable waste is
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129Q945371 | Literatura, Inglês, UEMG, UEMG, 2025

Leia o trecho do poema "Tabacaria", de Álvaro de Campos, (heterônimo de Fernando Pessoa) e indique a alternativa que possui intertextualidade temática mais evidente com o trecho apresentado.
"Fiz de mim o que não soube, E o que podia fazer de mim não o fiz. O dominó que vesti era errado. Conheceram-me logo por quem não era e não desmenti, e perdi-me. Quando quis tirar a máscara, Estava pegada à cara."
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130Q681956 | Biologia, Uma visão geral da célula, Inglês, USS, ECONRIO, 2022

Lipossomas são vesículas nanométricas, formadas de bicamadas esféricas e concêntricas em torno de um compartimento aquoso, que podem ser utilizadas como carreadores de fármacos. Lipossomas com ligantes sítio-específicos em sua superfície são capazes de distribuir o fármaco diretamente para a célula-alvo.

A estrutura celular responsável pela especificidade no reconhecimento e adsorção dos lipossomas sítio-específicos é o:

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131Q945406 | Matemática, Progressão Aritmética, Inglês, UEMG, UEMG, 2025

Considere-se a soma dos termos da Progressão Aritmética (PA) de razão 3.
1 + 4 + 7 + ⋯ + (3n − 2).
A soma dos n termos dessa PA é dada pela expressão polinomial:
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132Q1021696 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Inglês, Prefeitura de Pouso Alegre MG, Consulplan, 2024

Read the text to choose the option that is a text supported statement.

Claudine and Dismas have always struggled to make ends meet in Burundi. On their farm, they grow beans, maize, bananas and sorghum, which helps them financially since their harvest is profitable, and the lands fruitful. After her second pregnancy, Claudine became very ill, and much of the extras they had went to pay for traditional healers and medical doctors searching for answers to her sickness.

The birth of their second child, Valerie, with clubfoot added to the family’s tight financial situation. The condition was not even identified until about a month after Valerie was born when her grandmother was changing her. The grandmother recognized clubfoot because Claudine’s stepsister also had children born with the disability. People discouraged Claudine and Dismas from finding treatment because they felt Valerie’s feet resulted from the strange illness Claudine suffered during her pregnancy. Even if treatment was possible, neighbors reasoned the family would never be able to afford it.

Claudine and Dismas decided to put all their limited financial resources toward clubfoot treatment. Still, saving enough money for transportation to the first clinic visit took them a while. At the clinic, Hope Walks staff gave them the good news that treatment would be free for them.

(Available in: https://www.hopewalks.org/valerie-burundi.)

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133Q947205 | Literatura, Teoria Literária, Inglês, UNIOESTE, UNIOESTE, 2019

Sobre o conto “Felicidade clandestina”, de Clarice Lispector, é CORRETO afirmar que:
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134Q949141 | Matemática, Inglês, PUC RS, PUC RS

A observação de alguns corpos celestes tem se tornado difícil em grandes centros urbanos, principalmente por conta da poluição luminosa produzida. Os rastros luminosos deixados no céu pelas estrelas cadentes, por exemplo, são mais facilmente observados em locais ermos e distantes das cidades. As estrelas cadentes são, na verdade, meteoros cujas velocidades medidas são da ordem de milhares de quilômetros por hora. Erroneamente se atribui o aquecimento das regiões próximas ao meteoro ao atrito entre ele e a atmosfera, mas a principal razão desse aquecimento é a _________ do ar atmosférico logo à frente do meteoro.
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135Q947135 | Sociologia, Teorias clássicas do Estado, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2018

O surgimento do pensamento moderno se dá com a mudança de paradigma. Enquanto os medievais trabalharam a filosofia a partir do teocentrismo, os modernos trabalharam a filosofia a partir do antropocentrismo; os primeiros, seguindo os gregos, se interessaram pelo ser e sua contemplação, ao passo que os segundos, ao se voltarem para o homem, se preocuparam com o conhecimento e a questão do método. Assim, nota-se que a filosofia greco-medieval tinha uma preocupação ontológica, e a filosofia moderna, gnoseológica. Frente ao exposto, verifica-se que as principais tendências em explicar o conhecimento na modernidade foram
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136Q949486 | Inglês, Sinônimos Synonyms, Inglês, UNICENTRO, UNICENTRO

Texto associado.
View from the Rio favelas: 'We're often scared to leave the house in case we're hit by a stray bullet'

A year has gone by since the Olympic Games. Only 147 of those 365 days ended without the residents of Complexo do Alemão hearing gunshots. After the promises of hope and the Games’ legacy of peace, 218 days were accompanied by a soundtrack of gunfire.

On 218 days we were afraid we wouldn’t make it home alive; we were scared to leave the house in case we were hit by a stray bullet; on 218 days we were afraid that the walls of our homes might be hit. To pretend that we were not in a war zone, the military police painted their armoured military tanks – popularly called caveirão, or “big skull” – white.

For a long time I’ve wondered about the reason for the conflict and danger in the favelas of Rio, the same places that hold so much shared affection, culture, art and memory.

Since the Olympics, residents of the Complexo do Alemão have been afraid of organising a cultural event in the neighbourhood square, or of people gathering outside because an intense shootout might happen without prior notice, with no chance to find protection. It has been 218 days of fear.

All eyes – and investments – were turned to Brazil when it hosted, over 10 years, three mega sporting events. But the country has failed to keep its promises of peace after the 2007 Pan-American Games, the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games.

Before the Olympics, the state was completely absent in the favela. Back then we had no cable car – now we do, but it doesn’t work. We did not have family clinics – now we do, but without medical care. There were no police – now there are, and we live with daily shootings. What have the poorest received as a result of the Games? On television, I see only news of corruption.

Brazil is at war, some say. A war on the poor, justified by drugs. A war that justifies, for many (but not for me) the presence of the Brazilian army in the streets of the city. The beauty of Rio’s natural landscapes contrasts with the conflict of our daily lives, militarised by the government.

We need to talk about the relationship between violence and drugs. Young people from different favelas are now coming together to think about strategies that we hope can feed into public policies on drugs in Brazil. The #Movimentos movement – which runs discussions and seminars for young people – was created because it isn’t possible to deal with the drugs issue without the input of those who live with the consequences of failed policies.

As other countries move towards resolving the issue in a serious way, investing in research and prevention mechanisms in public health services, Brazil invests in more weapons and repression that result in an increase of death and incarceration – particularly among people who are poor, black, young and living in favelas.

But despite all the fear, all the chaos, we continue to conquer the world, occupying the spaces that we have been historically denied. The Coletivo Papo Reto (Straight Talk Collective) has created a calendar that celebrates the good news and achievements of the people who live in Complexo do Alemão. Many people may not understand what it is that motivates us in the midst of this chaos and fear. I don’t know either – but I feel that I must keep going.

(Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/aug/19/rio-voices-view-from-the-favelas-olympics-they-
promised-a-legacy-of-peace-but-brazil-is-now-at-war. Access on 22/8/2017)
Considering the text, fill the parenthesis with T (true) or F (false):
( ) The author agrees with the presence of the Brazilian army in the streets. ( ) The #Movimentos movement was created to include the input of the population in the issue of drug violence. ( ) The author thinks it’s important to talk about the relationship between violence and drugs. ( ) The author knows what motivates people in the midst of fear. ( ) Brazil is investing in research and prevention mechanisms in public health services.
The correct sequence, from top to bottom is:
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137Q1022722 | Inglês, Vocabulário Vocabulary, Inglês, Prefeitura de Brusque SC, FEPESE, 2024

Texto associado.
Google News, Thursday, June 16, 2021


Teaching methods keep changing with the times,................... the blackboard of the old days ........... electronic teaching today. Mr. Kam, physics instructor the Chinese University of Hong Kong, is one of those who has changed ......... the times.


Mr. Kam employs a two-pronged approach. First, he uses multimedia teaching materials during lectures. Second, he arranges internships for undergraduates. These can take the form of learning assistantships at the university or teaching assistantships at secondary schools, and also there’s always the odd science project at the Space Museum.

The initiatives have earned him the Faculty Exemplary Teaching Award 2020. A CUHK alumnus, he is grateful for the chance to teach at the university after earning his doctoral degree there. His teaching position actually represents the fulfillment of a dream, for the status of professors during his days as a university student was extremely high and he could meet them only during lectures.

After being a teacher for 10 years, Mr. Kam has found no apparent regression in the learning abilities of students, but he believes teachers should not just force knowledge on students - they have to pay careful attention to their needs too.

The multimedia materials that Mr. Kam uses to illustrate his area of interest includes animation and video clips. He encourages students to read popular astronomy magazines and share any note-worthy content they find. Mr. Kam also gets his undergraduates to help prepare students sitting for physics papers in public exams or to help out on research projects undertaken by meteorological officers at the observatory.

He also arranges for his undergraduates to teach students from other faculties during physics liberal studies classes through talks and star-gazing expeditions. Such responsibilities serve two greater purposes.

First, undergraduates become even more motivated to learn when they find out they have to guide other students. Second, physics students are, unlike arts students, not at their best when called upon to express themselves. Acting as assistants allows them to practice their skills and build up their self- confidence.

I asked Mr. Kam what he found most satisfying in teaching.

And the answer is obvious. It is the deep friendship he forms with students. Mr. Kam says many former students still come back to see him occasionally despite being busy parents. He draws considerable satisfaction from seeing his students grow into mature adults.

For Mr. Kam, the best teachers will never find extracurricular activity a burden because the good work that is done today plants the seed for future generations.
Considering the text, analyze the sentences below and the underlined words.

“Second, he arranges internships for undergraduates. These can take the form of learning assistantships at the university or teaching assistantships at secondary schools, and also there’s always the odd science project at the Space Museum.”

Choose the alternative that has the correct meaning of “Internship”.
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138Q949148 | Biologia, Ciclos biogeoquímicos, Inglês, PUC RS, PUC RS

Hormônios vegetais são substâncias que atuam no desenvolvimento de plantas. Muitas dessas substâncias são utilizadas na indústria do cultivo vegetal para fins comerciais. Sobre esses hormônios, pode-se afirmar que

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139Q1023232 | Inglês, Verbos Verbs, Inglês, Prefeitura de Araraquara SP, CONSULPAM, 2023

Choose the best option to fill in the blanks CORRECTLY and RESPECTIVELY.


I. ‘________ well, you need to practice.’


II. ‘________ is a very important skill.’


III. ‘________ an e-mail to him, please.’

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140Q908045 | Inglês, Aspectos linguísticos Linguistic aspects, Inglês, Prefeitura de Pouso Alegre MG, Consulplan, 2024

Read the dialogue.


A: So, I’ve decided that I’ll move to the big city to look for a dream job.

B: You know, that sounds like a good idea.

C: Well, actually you ought to make decisions about your future.

B: Right.

A: Anyway, I was wondering if either of you would help me find a furnished apartment to rent.

B: Look, I’m like...very busy during the week, I mean, I'm trying to catch up with my deadline.

C: I’m in the same boat.

A: What about the weekend? Say, Saturday afternoon? You both could take turns, and later we might grab some beers.

B: Fine with me!

C: Count me in!


The words reproducing pause, hesitation, redundancy, etc, present in the dialogue in abbreviated or full form are:

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