Questões de Concursos Inglês

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261Q1022720 | Inglês, Discurso Direto e Indireto Reported Speech, Inglês, Prefeitura de Brusque SC, FEPESE, 2024

Texto associado.

Google News, Thursday, June 16, 2021

Teaching methods keep changing with the times,................... the blackboard of the old days ........... electronic teaching today. Mr. Kam, physics instructor the Chinese University of Hong Kong, is one of those who has changed ......... the times.

Mr. Kam employs a two-pronged approach. First, he uses multimedia teaching materials during lectures. Second, he arranges internships for undergraduates. These can take the form of learning assistantships at the university or teaching assistantships at secondary schools, and also there’s always the odd science project at the Space Museum.

The initiatives have earned him the Faculty Exemplary Teaching Award 2020. A CUHK alumnus, he is grateful for the chance to teach at the university after earning his doctoral degree there. His teaching position actually represents the fulfillment of a dream, for the status of professors during his days as a university student was extremely high and he could meet them only during lectures.

After being a teacher for 10 years, Mr. Kam has found no apparent regression in the learning abilities of students, but he believes teachers should not just force knowledge on students - they have to pay careful attention to their needs too.

The multimedia materials that Mr. Kam uses to illustrate his area of interest includes animation and video clips. He encourages students to read popular astronomy magazines and share any note-worthy content they find. Mr. Kam also gets his undergraduates to help prepare students sitting for physics papers in public exams or to help out on research projects undertaken by meteorological officers at the observatory.

He also arranges for his undergraduates to teach students from other faculties during physics liberal studies classes through talks and star-gazing expeditions. Such responsibilities serve two greater purposes.

First, undergraduates become even more motivated to learn when they find out they have to guide other students. Second, physics students are, unlike arts students, not at their best when called upon to express themselves. Acting as assistants allows them to practice their skills and build up their self- confidence.

I asked Mr. Kam what he found most satisfying in teaching.

And the answer is obvious. It is the deep friendship he forms with students. Mr. Kam says many former students still come back to see him occasionally despite being busy parents. He draws considerable satisfaction from seeing his students grow into mature adults.

For Mr. Kam, the best teachers will never find extracurricular activity a burden because the good work that is done today plants the seed for future generations.

Choose the alternative that contains the correct indirect form (indirect speech) of the sentence “Ienjoyed some subjects more than others. I’ve preferred science subjects.”.

✂️ a) I told I enjoyed some more subjects than others. I also told I prefer science subjects.
✂️ b) I told that I had enjoyed some subjects more than others. I also said that I always preferred science subjects.
✂️ c) I said I have enjoyed some subjects more than others. I also said that I always preferred science subjects.
✂️ d) I claimed that I enjoyed some subjects more than others. I also claimed I have preferred science subjects.
✂️ e) I said that I enjoy some subjects more than others. I also said that I always prefer science subjects.

262Q1025026 | Inglês, Ensino da Língua Estrangeira Inglesa, Inglês, FURB SC, FURB, 2024

Read the following statements about necessary abilities to be developed by students of English as an additional/foreign language. Choose the correct one:

✂️ a) Developing listening skills involves exposing learners to a variety of accents and speech rates to enhance their ability to comprehend spoken English exclusively in contexts of native speakers.
✂️ b) Encouraging speaking practice in authentic communicative tasks fosters fluency and confidence, emphasizing the importance of providing opportunities for learners to engage in meaningful conversations.
✂️ c) Teaching vocabulary effectively involves only presenting new words rather than providing opportunities for meaningful practice and reinforcement through activities such as context-based exercises, word games, and regular review sessions to promote retention and application in various language contexts.
✂️ d) Emphasizing the process of writing, including pre-writing activities, drafting, revising, and editing, cultivates learners' ability to express limited ideas coherently and effectively, underscoring the importance of providing constructive feedback and modeling writing strategies.
✂️ e) Facilitating extensive reading experiences with texts at appropriate difficulty levels promotes vocabulary restriction, comprehension, and critical thinking skills, highlighting the significance of exposing learners to a wide range of genres and topics.

263Q1025031 | Inglês, Verbos Verbs, Inglês, FURB SC, FURB, 2024

A phrasal verb is a combination of a verb and one or more particles (usually prepositions or adverbs) that together form a single semantic unit with a distinct meaning that may not be immediately obvious from the individual meanings of its parts. Phrasal verbs often have idiomatic or figurative meanings and are commonly used in English conversation and writing. They can convey a wide range of actions, emotions, and concepts. Observe the following columns. Associate the second column according to the first, which relates phrasal verbs with their definitions:
First column: phrasal verbs (1) Bear in mind. (2) Bring about. (3) Provide with.
Second column: definitions (__) To cause something to happen or to produce a particular result.
(__) To supply someone with something that they need or want.
(__) To remember or consider something; to keep something in one's thoughts.
Mark the option that presents the correct association between the columns:

✂️ a) 2 − 3 − 1.
✂️ b) 1 − 3 − 2.
✂️ c) 2 − 1 − 3.
✂️ d) 3 − 2 − 1.
✂️ e) 1 − 2 − 3.

265Q1023024 | Inglês, Análise Sintática Syntax Parsing, Inglês, Prefeitura de Tremembé SP, VUNESP, 2025

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Read the following extract to answer question.

A friend of mine who is an orchestral conductor was asking me (early in our acquaintance) about what I did for a living. When I told him that apart from other activities, I wrote books about how to teach English he said ‘Books in the plural? Surely once you’ve written one, there’s nothing more to say!’ I wanted to reply that he had just argued himself out of a job (I mean, how many performances of Beethoven symphonies have there been in the twenty-first century alone?), but someone else laughed at his question, another musician made a different comment, the conversation moved on, and so Martin-the-conductor’s flippant enquiry evaporated in the convivial atmosphere of a British pub.

But his question was a good one. Surely we know how to teach languages? After all, people have been doing it successfully for two thousand years or more, and some aspects of teaching in the past have probably not changed that much. But other things have, and continue to change. Which is (I suppose) why every time I re-examine past assumptions about teaching, I find myself questioning and reinterpreting things I thought were fixed. And of course, I am not alone in this. We all do it all the time – or at least we do if we haven’t closed our minds off from the possibility of change and renewal.

Language teaching, perhaps more than many other activities, reflects the times it takes place in. Language is about communication, after all, and perhaps that is why philosophies and techniques for learning languages seem to develop and change in tune with the societies which give rise to them. Teaching and learning are very human activities; they are social just as much as they are (in our case) linguistic.

But it’s not just society that changes and evolves. The last decades have seen what feels like unprecedented technological change. The Internet has seen to that, and other educational technology has not lagged behind. And it’s exciting stuff. I’ve tried to reflect that excitement and newness in parts of this new edition.

(Jeremy Harmer, How to teach English. Adaptado)

Sintagmas nominais são unidades sintáticas compostas de um núcleo (um substantivo) e seus modificadores. No trecho “Martin-the-conductor’s flippant enquiry”, retirado do primeiro parágrafo, o núcleo do sintagma nominal é

✂️ a) Martin-the-conductor.
✂️ b) Martin.
✂️ c) conductor.
✂️ d) flippant enquiry
✂️ e) enquiry.

266Q947034 | História, Antiguidade Ocidental Gregos, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2019

Leia o texto a seguir.
Assim como sucedeu nas artes plásticas, sobretudo na arquitetura, os romanos dedicaram mais atenção à acumulação de experiências práticas, no campo das ciências [...]. Foram apoiados pelos imperadores os estudos de Medicina, inclusive construindo-se hospitais públicos e até uma escola de medicina, onde se realizavam intervenções cirúrgicas.
AQUINO; DENIZE; OSCAR. História das Sociedades. Rio de Janeiro: Ao livro técnico, 1980. p. 268-269.
Os saberes médicos romanos podem ser exemplificados a partir da atuação de

✂️ a) Pedro Hispano, pioneiro da anatomia.
✂️ b) Galeno, com sua prática de vivissecção.
✂️ c) Hipocrátes, com sua teoria dos humores.
✂️ d) Avicena, que estudou o movimento linear.
✂️ e) Apolonio de Citio, estudioso das doenças articulares.

269Q949151 | Química, Tipos de Reagentes e Mecanismos das Reações Orgânicas, Inglês, PUC RS, PUC RS

Leia o texto sobre adulterações em bebidas alcoólicas.

“Nos últimos cinco anos, pesquisadores brasileiros passaram a estudar o grau de adulteração em produtos nacionais e estrangeiros a partir da análise da quantidade existente, em seu conteúdo, da forma estável mais pesada do átomo de carbono, o isótopo denominado carbono 13 (¹³C), muito mais raro do que o leve carbono 12 (¹²C). A relação entre o número de átomos desses dois tipos de carbono pode denunciar a adoção de alguns procedimentos ilegais, ou no mínimo não muito divulgados, durante a fabricação de bebidas.

” PIVETTA, M., Traquinagens etílicas. Pesquisa Fapesp 94,

dez/2003.

Considerando as informações do texto acima, é correto afirmar que

✂️ a) o carbono 13 apresenta 6 nêutrons e 7 prótons em seu núcleo.
✂️ b) o número atômico do isótopo mais abundante do carbono é 12.
✂️ c) a eletrosfera de um átomo de carbono 13 apresenta 13 elétrons.
✂️ d) uma molécula de etanol com átomos de carbono 13 poderia ter massa 48 u.

271Q944047 | Inglês, Inglês, UECE, UECE CEV, 2020

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Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

As to the use of plastic by Americans, the text mentions that it

✂️ a) has been significantly reduced in recent years.
✂️ b) is higher than in any other period in history.
✂️ c) increased in relation to last year, but it is not as high as in the 90s.
✂️ d) is in a very slow process of descent.

273Q1022259 | Inglês, Palavras Conectivas Connective Words, Inglês, Prefeitura de Calumbi PE, IGEDUC, 2025

Texto associado.

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

India's luxury airline Vistara flies into the sunset

Indian full-service carrier Vistara will operate its last flight on Monday, after nine years in existence.

A joint venture between Singapore Airlines and the Tata Sons, Vistara will merge with Tata-owned Air India to form a single entity with an expanded network and broader fleet.

This means that all Vistara operations will be transferred to and managed by Air India, including helpdesk kiosks and ticketing offices. The process of migrating passengers with existing Vistara bookings and loyalty programmes to Air India has been under way over thepast few months.

"As part of the merger process, meals, service ware and other soft elements have been upgraded and incorporates aspects of both Vistara and Air India," an Air India spokesperson said in an email response.

Amid concerns that the merger could impact service standards, the Tatas have assured that Vistara's in-flight experience will remain unchanged.

Known for its high ratings in food, service, and cabin quality, Vistara has built a loyal customer base and the decision to retire the Vistara brand has been criticised by fans, branding experts, and aviation analysts.

The consolidation was effectively done to clean up Vistara's books and wipe out its losses, said Mark Martin, an aviation analyst.

Air India has essentially been "suckered into taking a loss-making airline" in a desperate move, he added.

"Mergers are meant to make airlines powerful. Never to wipe out losses or cover them."

To be sure, both Air India and Vistara's annual losses have reduced by more than half over the past year, and other operating metrics have improved too. But the merger process so far has been turbulent.

The exercise has been riddled with problems − from pilot shortages that have led to massive flight cancellations, to Vistara crew going on mass sick leave over plans to align their salary structures with Air India.

There have also been repeated complaints about poor service standards on Air India, including viral videos of broken seats and non-functioning inflight entertainment systems.

The Tatas have announced a $400m (£308m) programme to upgrade and retrofit the interiors of its older aircraft and also a brand-new livery. They've also placed orders for hundreds of new Airbus and Boeing planes worth billions of dollars to augment their offering.

But this "turnaround" is still incomplete and riddled with problems, according to Mr Martin. A merger only complicates matters.

Experts say that the merger strikes a dissonant chord from a branding perspective too.

Harish Bijoor, a brand strategy specialist, told the BBC he was feeling "emotional" that a superior product offering like Vistara which had developed a "gold standard for Indian aviation" was ceasing operations.

"It is a big loss for the industry," said Mr Bijoor, adding it will be a monumental task for the mother brand Air India to simply "copy, paste and exceed" the high standards set by Vistara, given that it's a much smaller airline that's being gobbled up by a much larger one.

Mr Bijoor suggests a better strategy would have been to operate Air India separately for five years, focusing on improving service standards, while maintaining Vistara as a distinct brand with Air India prefixed to it.

"This would have given Air India the time and chance to rectify the mother brand and bring it up to the Vistara level, while maintaining its uniqueness," he adds.

Beyond branding, the merged entity will face a slew of operational challenges.

"Communication will be a major challenge in the early days, with customers arriving at the airport expecting Vistara flights, only to find Air India branding," says Ajay Awtaney, editor of Live From A Lounge, an aviation portal. "Air India will need to maintain clear communication for weeks."

Another key challenge, he notes, is cultural: Vistara's agile employees may struggle to adjust to Air India's complex bureaucracy and systems.

But the biggest task for the merged carrier would be offering customers a uniform flying experience.

These are "two airlines with very different service formats are being integrated into one airline. It is going to be a hotchpotch of service formats, cabin formats, branding, and customer experience. It will involve learning and unlearning, and such a process has rarely worked with airlines and is seldom effective," said Mr Martin.

Still, many believe Vistara had to go − now or some years later.

A legacy brand like Air India, with strong global recognition and 'India' imprinted in its identity, wouldn't have allowed a smaller, more premium subsidiary to overshadow its revival process.

Financially too, it makes little sense for the Tatas to have two loss-making entities compete with one another.

The combined strength of Vistara and Air India could also place the Tatas in a much better position to compete with market leader Indigo.

The unified Air India group (including Air India Express, which completed its merger with the former Air Asia India in October) "will be bigger and better with a fleet size of nearly 300 aircraft, an expanded network and a stronger workforce", an Air India spokesperson said.

"Getting done with the merger means that Air India grows overnight, and the two teams start cooperating instead of competing. There will never be one right day to merge. Somewhere, a line had to be drawn," said Mr Awtaney.

But for many Vistara loyalists, its demise leaves a void in India's skies for a premium, full-service carrier - marking the third such gap after the collapse of Kingfisher Airlines and Jet Airways.

It's still too early to say if Air India, which often ranks at the bottom of airline surveys, can successfully fill that void.

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5ygp1w5eq7o

Which of the following sentences demonstrates correct coordination and subordination, based on the information in the article?

✂️ a) Although Vistara received high ratings, Tata preferred Air India's brand, but it was financially weaker.
✂️ b) Since Vistara has built a premium reputation, merging with Air India presents both opportunities and challenges.
✂️ c) Tata kept Vistara independent to expand its premium offerings and to reduce operational complexity.
✂️ d) Vistara and Air India merged so the teams can cooperate, but Vistara will remain a distinct entity.

274Q1022262 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Inglês, Prefeitura de Calumbi PE, IGEDUC, 2025