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Questões de Concursos Inglês

Resolva questões de Inglês comentadas com gabarito, online ou em PDF, revisando rapidamente e fixando o conteúdo de forma prática.


5721Q1023690 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Inglês, Prefeitura de Nova Iguaçu RJ, Consulplan, 2024

A teacher presented students two groups of words with the didactic aim of introducing questions to guide students’ observations and insights. Choose the item displaying the criterion that justifies the teacher’s word choice in both groups.

GROUP 1
taller-smaller-higher-fancier-wider-harder-closer-fatter

GROUP 2
lawyer-teacher-runner-engineer-driver-waiter-swimmer
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

5722Q1047500 | Inglês, Verbos Verbs, Cadete do Exército, ESCOLA NAVAL, Marinha

In which alternative is the idea expressed by the modal verb INCORRECTLY stated in brackets?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5723Q1024205 | Inglês, Palavras Conectivas Connective Words, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Maracajá SC, Unesc, 2025

Coherence and cohesion are essential for constructing clear and well-structured texts. Analyze the statements below.

I.The appropriate use of connectors, such as "therefore" and "however," contributes to textual cohesion by establishing logical relationships between ideas.
II.Excessive repetition of words in a text increases cohesion and facilitates reader comprehension.
III.Textual coherence depends exclusively on the use of connectives between sentences and paragraphs.

The correct statements are:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

5724Q1023182 | Inglês, Aspectos Linguísticos Linguistic Aspects, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Currais Novos RN, FUNCERN, 2024

Knowing that the main difference between affricate and fricative sounds lies in the way airflow is managed: affricates involve a stop followed by a release into a fricative, while fricatives are produced by forcing air through a narrow channel in the vocal tract, the alternative that brings only examples of words with affricate sounds in English is:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

5725Q1024978 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Piçarra PA, Instituto Ágata, 2025

Texto associado.

Read text I to answer the question.

TEXT I


Teachers in the Movement: Pedagogy, Activism, and Freedom


In this year's Presidential Address, historian Derrick P. Alridge __________ his current research project, Teachers in the Movement: Pedagogy, Activism, and Freedom. The project builds on recent literature about teachers as activists be tween 1950 and 1980 and explores how and what secondary and postsecondary teachers taught. Focusing on teachers in Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, the project investigates teachers' roles as agents of social change through teaching the ideals of freedom during the most significant social movement in the United States in the twentieth century. Drawing on oral history and archival research, the project plans to produce five hundred videotaped interviews that will generate extensive firsthand knowledge and fresh perspectives about teachers in the civil rights move ment. By examining teachers' pedagogical activism during this period of rapid social change, Alridge hopes to inspire and inform educators teaching in the midst of today's freedom and social justice movements.


(Disponível em: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1255911)

Based on the excerpt presented about Derrick P. Alridge's research project, it is accurate to state that:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

5726Q1022675 | Inglês, Pronomes Pronouns, Inglês, Prefeitura de João Alfredo PE, ADM TEC, 2025

O emprego correto dos pronomes pessoais em Inglês demanda a compreensão de funções sintáticas variadas. Assinale a alternativa que melhor exemplifica o uso adequado de pronomes no contexto escolar:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

5727Q1046998 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Cadete do Exército, ESCOLA NAVAL, Marinha

Choose the best option to rewrite the sentence keeping the same meaning.

He had his hair cut yesterday.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5728Q1047000 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Cadete do Exército, ESCOLA NAVAL, Marinha

Analyse the sentences below. Which TWO sentences express the same idea?

(1) The man stopped to smoke.
(2) The man gave up smoking.
(3) The man stopped smoking.
(4) The man didn't smoke.

The correct answer is
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5729Q1024985 | Inglês, Verbos Verbs, Edital n 42, USP, FUVEST, 2025

Texto associado.

Texto para a questão

How to write, according to the bestselling novelist of all time



Everyone has a book inside them, or so the saying goes. In this day and age, those who want help coaxing the story out can receive instruction online from some of the world’s most popular authors. Lee Child and Harlan Coben, who have sold hundreds of millions of books between them, teach thriller writing; Jojo Moyes offers tips on romance yarns. And now Agatha Christie, the world’s bestselling writer of fiction, with more than 2 bn copies sold, is instructing viewers in the art of the whodunnit—even though she died in 1976.


Christie’s course is the result not of recently unearthed archival footage, but artificial intelligence. BBC Maestro, an online education platform, brought the idea to the Christie family, which still controls 36% of Agatha Christie Ltd (AMC Networks, an entertainment giant, owns the rest). They consented to bring the “Queen of Crime” back to life, to teach the mysterious flair of her style.


A team of almost 100—including Christie scholars as well as AI specialists—worked on the project. Vivien Keene, an actor, provided a stand-in for the author; Christie’s face was mapped on top. Crucially, Ms Keene’s eerily credible performance employs only Christie’s words: a tapestry of extracts from her own writings, notebooks and interviews.


In this way, the creator of Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple shares handy writing tips, such as the neatest ways to dispatch fictional victims. Firearms bring ballistic complications. Be wary of poisons, as each works in a unique way. Novice authors can “always rely on a dull blow to the head”.


Many of Christie’s writing rules concern playing fair. She practiced misdirection and laid “false clues” alongside true ones, but insisted that her plots do not cheat or hide key evidence: “I never deceive my readers.” In sections devoted to plot and setting, she explains how to plant key clues “in plain sight” and plan events with detailed “maps and diagrams”. She advises viewers to watch and listen to strangers on buses or in shops and to spice up motives for murder with a love triangle.


Some of the most engaging sections come from “An Autobiography”, published posthumously in 1977: Poirot’s origins among the Belgian refugees who reached Devon during the First World War, or fond memories of her charismatic, feckless brother Monty, who had “broken the laws of a lot of countries” and provided the inspiration for many of Christie’s “wayward young male figures”.


By relying on Christie’s own words, BBC Maestro hopes to avoid charges of creepy pedagogical deepfakery. At the same time, it is that focus on quotation which limits the course’s value as a creative-writing toolbox. The woman born Agatha Miller in 1890 speaks from her own time and place. She tells wannabe writers to use snowstorms to isolate murder scenes (as they bring down telephone wires) and cites the clue-generating value of railway timetables, ink stains and cut-up newspapers. These charming details are irrelevant to modern scribblers.


Yet anachronism is not the course’s biggest flaw: it is that it lacks vitality. Christie enjoyed a richer life than learners will glean from this prim phantom: she was a wartime nurse (hence her deep knowledge of toxins), thwarted opera singer, keen surfer and archaeological expert who joined her second husband on digs in Iraq. Furthermore, her juiciest mysteries smash crime-writing rules. The narrator does it; the detective does it; all the suspects do it. Sometimes there’s no detective: in “The Hollow” (1946) Christie regretted that Poirot appeared at all. With its working-class antihero and gothic darkness, “Endless Night” (1967) shatters every Christie cliché. This high-tech, retrofitted version of the author feels smaller and flatter than the ingenious original.


The Economist, May, 8th, 2025


“Watch and listen to strangers on buses or in shops to gather ideas.”

Assinale a alternativa que transforma a recomendação direta citada em um pedido ou sugestão mais polida, sem alteração do seu sentido básico.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5730Q1024989 | Inglês, Verbos Verbs, Edital n 36, USP, FUVEST, 2025

Texto associado.
How to write, according to the bestselling novelist of all time


Everyone has a book inside them, or so the saying goes. In this day and age, those who want help coaxing the story out can receive instruction online from some of the world’s most popular authors. Lee Child and Harlan Coben, who have sold hundreds of millions of books between them, teach thriller writing; Jojo Moyes offers tips on romance yarns. And now Agatha Christie, the world’s bestselling writer of fiction, with more than 2 bn copies sold, is instructing viewers in the art of the whodunnit—even though she died in 1976.

Christie’s course is the result not of recently unearthed archival footage, but artificial intelligence. BBC Maestro, an online education platform, brought the idea to the Christie family, which still controls 36% of Agatha Christie Ltd (AMC Networks, an entertainment giant, owns the rest). They consented to bring the “Queen of Crime” back to life, to teach the mysterious flair of her style.

A team of almost 100—including Christie scholars as well as AI specialists—worked on the project. Vivien Keene, an actor, provided a stand-in for the author; Christie’s face was mapped on top. Crucially, Ms Keene’s eerily credible performance employs only Christie’s words: a tapestry of extracts from her own writings, notebooks and interviews.

In this way, the creator of Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple shares handy writing tips, such as the neatest ways to dispatch fictional victims. Firearms bring ballistic complications. Be wary of poisons, as each works in a unique way. Novice authors can “always rely on a dull blow to the head”.

Many of Christie’s writing rules concern playing fair. She practiced misdirection and laid “false clues” alongside true ones, but insisted that her plots do not cheat or hide key evidence: “I never deceive my readers.” In sections devoted to plot and setting, she explains how to plant key clues “in plain sight” and plan events with detailed “maps and diagrams”. She advises viewers to watch and listen to strangers on buses or in shops and to spice up motives for murder with a love triangle.

Some of the most engaging sections come from “An Autobiography”, published posthumously in 1977: Poirot’s origins among the Belgian refugees who reached Devon during the First World War, or fond memories of her charismatic, feckless brother Monty, who had “broken the laws of a lot of countries” and provided the inspiration for many of Christie’s “wayward young male figures”.

By relying on Christie’s own words, BBC Maestro hopes to avoid charges of creepy pedagogical deepfakery. At the same time, it is that focus on quotation which limits the course’s value as a creative-writing toolbox. The woman born Agatha Miller in 1890 speaks from her own time and place. She tells wannabe writers to use snowstorms to isolate murder scenes (as they bring down telephone wires) and cites the clue-generating value of railway timetables, ink stains and cut-up newspapers. These charming details are irrelevant to modern scribblers.

Yet anachronism is not the course’s biggest flaw: it is that it lacks vitality. Christie enjoyed a richer life than learners will glean from this prim phantom: she was a wartime nurse (hence her deep knowledge of toxins), thwarted opera singer, keen surfer and archaeological expert who joined her second husband on digs in Iraq.Furthermore, her juiciest mysteries smash crime-writing rules. The narrator does it; the detective does it; all the suspects do it. Sometimes there’s no detective: in “The Hollow” (1946) Christie regretted that Poirot appeared at all. With its working-class antihero and gothic darkness, “Endless Night” (1967) shatters every Christie cliché. This high-tech, retrofitted version of the author feels smaller and flatter than the ingenious original.


The Economist, May, 8th, 2025
“Watch and listen to strangers on buses or in shops to gather ideas.”

Assinale a alternativa que transforma a recomendação direta citada em um pedido ou sugestão mais polida, sem alteração do seu sentido básico.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5731Q1024222 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Infraestrutura e Segurança Manhã, TCE PI, FGV, 2025

Texto associado.
Read Text I and answer the five questions that follow it


Text I

Cybersecurity risk: time for auditors to take heed?

The global interest in cybersecurity is growing. As we move into the cyber age, technology has become a huge part of both our everyday lives and today’s business environment, as more and more businesses increase their online presence and digital exposure by leveraging technology for almost every aspect of their business. But just as technology presents opportunities to many businesses, it also presents threats and challenges. Over the years, cyber attacks have continued to occur, escalating in frequency, severity and impact. These incidents have impacted every industry from financial services to retailers, entertainment and healthcare providers.

[…]

Perhaps due to its constantly evolving nature, cybersecurity risk remains complex and abstract to many. There may also be a perception that cybersecurity risk is not relevant to small businesses, hence, cybersecurity risk may not have been considered and addressed in all financial statements audits. But let us think about this: risk assessment is a crucial part of audit planning and auditors are required under the auditing standards to obtain an understanding of business risks that may result in risks of material misstatement of the financial statements. Just as auditors would consider an entity’s business risks in a financial statements audit, cybersecurity risk is an equally important risk area that cannot be ignored. Perhaps even more so, given the broad extent to which cyber attacks can cause fundamentalenterprise-wide damage to organisations, and for some attacks, even a huge impact to the financial statements. Cybersecurity risk is hence an essential consideration in any financial statements audit.


Adapted from : https://charteredaccountantsworldwide.com/cybersecurity-risktime-for-auditors-to-take-heed/
The first word in the fragment Perhaps due to its constantly evolving nature (2nd paragraph) expresses
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5732Q1024223 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Infraestrutura e Segurança Manhã, TCE PI, FGV, 2025

Texto associado.
Read Text II and answer the five questions that follow it


Text II

OpenAI’s GPT-4 Scores in the Top 1% of Creative Thinking

By Erik Guzik

Of all the forms of human intellect that one might expect artificial intelligence to emulate, few people would likely place creativity at the top of their list. Creativity is wonderfully mysterious—and frustratingly fleeting. It defines us as human beings—and seemingly defies the cold logic that lies behind the silicon curtain of machines. Yet, the use of AI for creative endeavors is now growing.

New AI tools like DALL-E and Midjourney are increasingly part of creative production, and some have started to win awards for their creative output. The growing impact is both social and economic—as just one example, the potential of AI to generate new, creative content is a defining flashpoint behind the Hollywood writers’ strike.

And if our recent study into the striking originality of AI is any indication, the emergence of AI-based creativity—along with examples of both its promise and peril—is likely just beginning.

When people are at their most creative, they’re responding to a need, goal, or problem by generating something new—a product or solution that didn’t previously exist.

In this sense, creativity is an act of combining existing resources — ideas, materials, knowledge — in a novel way that’s useful or gratifying. Quite often, the result of creative thinking is also surprising, leading to something the creator did not — and perhaps could not — foresee.

Our results?

GPT-4 scored in the top 1 percent of test-takers for the originality of its ideas. From our research, we believe this marks one of the first examples of AI meeting or exceeding the human ability for original thinking.

In short, we believe that AI models like GPT-4 are capable of producing ideas that people see as unexpected, novel, and unique. Other researchers are arriving at similar conclusions in their research of AI and creativity.

Adapted from https://singularityhub.com/2023/09/10/openais-gpt-4-scores-in-thetop-1-of-creative-thinking/
Based on Text II, mark the statements below as true (T) or false (F).

( ) The text opens by asserting that emulating human creativity has always been considered by everybody as a priority in AI projects.
( ) The outcome of creative thinking can be unpredictable at times.
( ) The author concludes that using AI for creative ventures is worth the effort.

The statements are, respectively,
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5733Q1022432 | Inglês, Substantivos e Compostos Nouns And Compounds, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Cravinhos SP, FRONTE, 2025

Texto associado.
Chefs make a record breaking 11,287 pizzas in 12 hours

by April Brown


Four hundred chefs in Buenos Aires teamed up to beat the world record for pizzas made in 12 hours. Using more than 3 tonnes of flour, 2.7 tonnes of cheese and 88,000 olives, the team managed to produce 11,287 pizzas.

Fourteen industrial-sized ovens allowed them to bake six pizzas a minute, and they beat the previous record by more than 1,000 pizzas.



Fonte: Adpatado do YouTube channel: On Demand News. Disponível em: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pb4KGd3y6tY&ab_c hannel=OnDemandNews Acesso em: 15 jan 2025
In the sentence “Using more than 3 tonnes of flour, 2.7 tonnes of cheese and 88,000 olives,” which of the following nouns are uncountable?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

5734Q1022435 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Cravinhos SP, FRONTE, 2025

Texto associado.
Angelina Jolie, Brad Pitt reach divorce settlement

By Kanjyik Ghosh and Bipasha Dey


Actors Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt have finalized their divorce settlement, concluding an eight-year legal battle that captivated Hollywood.

Jolie’s lawyer announced on Tuesday that the settlement had been signed and filed, though no details had been disclosed. Pitt’s representatives haven’t commented. The couple, married for only two years, separated in 2016 when Jolie cited irreconcilable differences. She initially sought full physical custody of their six children, leading to a custody battle. Pitt faced and was cleared of child abuse allegations during the dispute, with both sides accusing each other of media manipulation. They eventually agreed to equal custody through a private judge.

Jolie, an Oscar-winning actress, was previously married to Johnny Lee Miller and Billy Bob Thornton. Pitt, also an acclaimed actor, was married to Jennifer Aniston before meeting Jolie on the set of Mr. and Mrs. Smith, sparking rumors of an affair that Jolie denied.


Fonte: Adaptado do site Reuters. Disponível em: https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/angelina-jolie-bradpitt-reach-divorce-settlement-ending-eight-year-dispute2024-12-31/ Acesso em 15 jan 2025
In the context of the text, what does the phrase “irreconcilable differences” mean?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

5735Q1023462 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Turilândia MA, LJ Assessoria e Planejamento Administrativo Limita, 2024

Marque a única frase em que há uma sugestão negativa em inglês.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5736Q1022439 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Balneário Rincão SC, Unesc, 2024

Texto associado.

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

Pontus


Pontus is a non-playable faction in Rome: Total War. Pontus was a Hellenistic Kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea.


Pontus are an eastern faction, based in Asia Minor (Modern-day Turkey), having their origins with an ambitious Persian noble who siezed the area when Alexander's empire broke up. They were best known for their support for the pirates of Cilicia and their subsequent defeat by Pompey.


A refreshingly different faction, Pontus are similar in some ways to the Seleucids, but mainly they are unique. With a large amount of missile cavalry, chariots chariot archers, Cappadocian Lancers and Pikemen, they have a different balance to most factions, while not severely lacking in any department except heavy infantry.


Pontus is a small faction in Asia Minor. While their army is relatively weak at the low initial development levels of Asia Minor, Asia Minor itself is a relatively easy part of the map to take and hold. Trade and growth are relatively good around the area and Rhodes, Crete and the Seleucids are soon ripe for the picking. Tactically, Pontus are an eastern faction. Expect to field a mobile army of mainly missile units. There are Macedonian-influenced Pikemen though, allowing a solid infantry line to be made when dealing with the western armies and to provide more strategic options.


Pontus have mostly the basic eastern units, but with skirmisher cavalry instead of mounted archers. Scythed Chariots and Chariot Archers are also available, allowing further flexibility. The infantry is a little ticklish at times though; The early infantry suffers from poor morale and a lack of stopping power, although Eastern Infantry are very good at stopping enemy chariots. Pikemen and Cappadocian Lancers are available later on though, allowing more Seleucid-influenced tactics to be used to good effect.


It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Empire in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Persian Achaemenid Empire it became hellenized due to the influence of the Greeks on the black sea and the smaller Hellenistic kingdoms in the Middle East. Pontus grew to its largest extent under Mithridates VI the great, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Bithynia, Lesser Armenia, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesosand for a brief time the Roman province of Asia.


Pontus starts in north and east Asia Minor, north of the Seleucid Empire, and west of Armenia. Their cities are:


Sinope - Pontic Capital; Region - Pontus


Mazaka - Pontic Large Town; Region - Cappadocia


Pontus infantry units include the feared Bronze Shield Pikemen, the elite of the army of Pontus, among the heirs of the world-conquering phalanxes of Alexander the Great. Pontus has effective cavalry including Cappadocian Cavalry, which are are excellent horsemen, best suited to charging into and breaking through enemy formations with their lances. Pontic heavy cavalry are javelin-armed horsemen who can also fight hand-to-hand - a potent combination in one force.


After a long struggle with Rome in the Mithridatic wars, Pontus was defeated, part of it was incorporated into the Roman Empire as the province Bithynia et Pontus and the eastern half survived as a client Kingdom. The Bosporan Kingdom also remained independent under Pharnaces II as an ally and friend of Rome. Colchis was also made into a client Kingdom. Pharnaces II later made an attempt at reconquering Pontus. During the civil war of Caesar and Pompey, he invaded Asia Minor, taking Colchis, lesser Armenia, Pontus and Cappadocia and defeating a Roman army at Nicopolis. Caesar responded swiftly and defeated him at Zela, where he uttered the famous phrase 'Veni, Vidi, Vici' (i came, i saw, i conquered). Pontic kings continued to rule the client Kingdom of Pontus, Colchis and Cilicia until Polemon II was finally forced to abdicate the Pontic throne by the Romans in 62 AD.


https://totalwar.fandom.com/wiki/Pontus

Based on the text, what was the strategic advantage of Pontus in the game "Rome: Total War"?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5737Q1022695 | Inglês, Vocabulário Vocabulary, Analista em Ciência e Tecnologia, AEB, CESPE CEBRASPE, 2025

Texto associado.
Text 1A4-I


By the middle years of the 20th century, the optimistic story of limitless progress through scientific and technological advance came to be rivalled and sometimes overshadowed by a much more pessimistic, even apocalyptic vision of the trajectory of the modern project. It began to seem increasingly possible that technology would come to master its creators and carry humanity toward unforeseen and possibly catastrophic outcomes.

Premonitions of technological wizardry leading to disasters are extremely old, dating back at least to the myth of Icarus, who is said to have fatally fallen into the sea after flying too close to the sun on wings his father, Daedalus, constructed. As the Industrial Revolution gathered steam, dark anticipations became increasingly widespread, in works such as Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus and Karel Capek’s R.U.R. Perhaps technology, not man, was “in the saddle,” as Henry Adams worried. And perhaps machines, becoming ever more capable and interconnected, were the next step in the evolution of life, destined to dominate and eventually eliminate humanity, as Samuel Butler warned. The contours of the future, H. G. Wells announced in one of his famous lectures, “The Discovery of the Future,” were difficult to discern but would surely be unlike the past or the present, and definitely included disasters of new types and magnitudes.

In the ghastly world wars, technological advances empowered barbarism on a new scale, destroying the credibility of the simple modernist faith that more potent tools are a straight path to human betterment. Rather, technological advance has produced a cornucopia of double-edged swords, with amplified possibilities for both progress and disaster. A growing herd of horsemen of the anthropogenic apocalypse have ominously appeared on the human horizon of possibility: nuclear weapons, genetic engineering, total surveillance despotism, runaway artificial intelligence, and rampant environmental decay.


Daniel Deudney. Dark Skies: Space Expansionism, Planetary Geopolitics, and the Ends of Humanity. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020 (adapted).
Considering the meaning of the expressions used in text 1A4-I, choose the correct option.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

5738Q1021928 | Inglês, Sinônimos Synonyms, Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de São João Nepomuceno MG, Consulplan, 2024

Texto associado.
Conclusions and Recommendations


Given the panorama of English instruction in Brazil, particularly in the states of Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso, and considering the results of the surveys conducted with universities and teachers in both states, some conclusions and recommendations could be drawn.

Nationally, English instruction has been gaining importance and visibility through curriculum reform and the new model of upper secondary school. It is an enormously significant achievement that, for the first time, English has become mandatory in all public and private schools from 6th grade onward. The BNCC offers clarity on the competencies and abilities that students should develop at each education level. However, if, on the one hand, making English compulsory was an important step, on the other hand, the implementation of this policy is still incomplete. The main issue is the limited amount of instructional time in English in the national curriculum guidelines. As the cases of Mato Grosso and Minas Gerais illustrate, the result is that students have insufficient exposure to the language, with only two classes per week in secondary schools and one class per week in upper secondary. Under these conditions, it is unlikely that learners will develop full proficiency in the language, and teachers will have the instructional time to focus on all the necessary competencies and abilities required by the BNCC.

Another important consideration is the link between initial training for English teachers and how it interacts with the routines and challenges of the classroom. There is room for improvement when considering the mismatch between the programs of study at universities and the pedagogical practice required of English teachers and strengthened ties and communication between State Education Departments and the teacher training programs at universities.

Universities face additional challenges, such as the low English proficiency of students in the initial training courses. Initial training institutions face difficulties in thoroughly preparing future teachers regarding language proficiency and the pedagogical elements related to being an effective teacher. In this sense, the situation can create a vicious cycle; students leave schools with a low proficiency level in English, and those who decide to take the initial training courses to become English teachers and enter universities cannot fully develop proficiency as pedagogical competencies. Therefore, they enter schools not fully prepared to be teachers and face all the challenges of a classroom.

Another critical challenge is class size and the heterogeneity of students’ ability levels, which could limit teachers’ ability to implement some pedagogical practices, such as working with practicing speaking. This is not only a challenge faced by English teachers, but all teachers and that policymakers need to keep in mind. In addition, teachers commonly work in more than one school at a time and sometimes teach other subjects to meet the required hours of instructional time stipulated in their contracts.

The surveys with teachers demonstrated that many have never participated in a professional development session specifically designed for English teachers. For those who have, not all considered the helpful training to improve their knowledge and practice. This points to the fact that more attention needs to be paid to the continuous training courses offered to English teachers. These training courses should be frequent and address specific challenges, taking into account the pedagogical issues and areas that English teachers identify as most critical.

Briefly, it is important to highlight the windows of opportunity that have been opened in Brazil with the BNCC and the new upper secondary model. Through their education ministries, state governments have made significant efforts to adapt their regional curricula to the competencies and abilities listed on the BNCC and implement the first pilots and designed pathways for upper secondary schools. It remains a question of how the rest of those two processes will be implemented, but there are positive signs that English may gain more importance at a national level. At least in Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso, there is already a movement to increase the importance of the discipline.

While Minas Gerais has developed a few specific training courses for English teachers focused on improving their pedagogical knowledge through the program “Pathways for Educators” and intends to create a training pathway for upper secondary students focused in English, Mato Grosso has implemented English in all primary schools in the state and launched the program “More English,” with resources to help teachers and students. Those efforts are aligned with the national reforms and illustrate the political willingness of states to promote more actions to improve teachers’ and students’ proficiency in English.

In these states and, to some extent, at the national level, the foundations have been set to put English instruction in the spotlight as a crucial discipline to the integral development of students. However, much work and resources are still needed to realize this goal. Therefore, the following recommendations are intended to advise decision-makers at universities and State Education Departments.


(Source: https://www.thedialogue.org/wp-content/. Access: October 2024.)
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5739Q1022185 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Luiz Alves SC, UNIVALI, 2024

In the study of Syntax, Transformational-Generative Grammar, proposed by Noam Chomsky, differs significantly from traditional grammar approaches. Which of the following best describes a fundamental distinction between these two?
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5740Q1022441 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Balneário Rincão SC, Unesc, 2024

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Cancer therapies are getting a makeover


By Vanessa Chalmers, Health Features Editor


Cancer is no longer a death sentence when diagnosed, thanks to the ongoing emergence of treatments that can extend lives as well as better detection methods to find the disease earlier.Scientists have learned a lot about the immune response to cancer and are now harnessing it.When we hear the word vaccine, we typically think of it as preventing disease.But in this case, vaccines are being used as a treatment. Once injected they train the immune system to recognise and fight cancer cells. The body itself is recruited to kill the cancer, rather than relying on medicines.The process leaves healthy cells untouched, unlike chemotherapy, which kills healthy tissue and causes debilitating symptoms. NHS England's national cancer director, Dame Cally Palmer, said cancer vaccines being trialled could mark a huge step in treating the disease.There are also personalised vaccines which are designed specifically for an individuals cancer, based on their genetics.The challenges with personalised vaccines and other hugely advanced cancer therapies is they are very expensive to develop - and the question is whether the NHS will be able to afford such therapies when they come to fruition.



https://www.thesun.co.uk/health/30417145/cancer-vaccine-stops-tumou rs-growing-advanced-disease/

When preparing a discussion or a written essay on the topic of "innovative cancer treatments," how can the information from this text be used effectively?
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