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Questões de Concursos Inglês

Resolva questões de Inglês comentadas com gabarito, online ou em PDF, revisando rapidamente e fixando o conteúdo de forma prática.

6561Q1022873 | Inglês, Verbos Verbs, Inglês, Prefeitura de Alto Bela Vista SC, AMAUC, 2024

Consider the following sentence:

"Throughout his career, Mary ____ a remarkable journey, filled with challenges and triumphs, and her unwavering determination ____ a positive influence not only on her personal growth but also on the success of the projects she ____ involved in."

Which of the following options best completes the sentence while maintaining grammatical accuracy and coherence?

  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6562Q936346 | Inglês, Edital 2020, ENEM, INEP, 2021

Texto associado.
Most people know of the Karen people from television documentaries, magazines and encyclopedias as the “long-neck” or “giraffe” tribe. But the women who wear these brass rings on their neck belong to a sub-group of the Karen known as the Padaung. Whatever the origin of the custom one of the more common reasons it continues today, particularly in Thailand, is tourism. Although the Padaung have migrated to Thailand in only the last ten years, they have become the most popular “attraction” for hill-tribe trekking tourists. Some have written of this as exploitation of the Padaung; many westerners liken the experience of visiting one of these villages to visiting a human zoo. Some tour operators in Thailand now refuse to take tourists into such villages, while some tourists boycott those operators that do.

Disponível em: www.peoplesoftheworld.org. Acesso em: 8 dez. 2017.
O texto que versa sobre a prática do uso de argolas no pescoço por mulheres de uma tribo que migrou para a Tailândia tem por finalidade
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6563Q1022618 | Inglês, Vocabulário Vocabulary, Inglês, Prefeitura de Guaraciaba SC, AMEOSC, 2024

Texto associado.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

YOUNG MINDS Number of children facing mental health crisis soars 53% in 4 years − 16 signs your child is at risk

Some 32,521 under-18s were referred for emergency care at mental health services in 2022 to 2023, up from 21,242 in 2019 to 2020.

Doctors at the Royal College of Psychiatrists said the shocking numbers "cannot become the new norm".

The college said many of these under-18s have suffered worsening mental health while on NHS waiting lists for treatment.

Dr Elaine Lockhart, chair of the college's child and adolescent faculty, said: "It's unacceptable that so many children and young people are reaching crisis point before they are able to access care.

"Severe mental illness is not just an adult problem. The need for specialist mental health services for children and young people is growing all the time.

"The evidence shows us that children who receive support quickly are less likely to develop long-term conditions, that negatively affect their education, social development and health in later life.

"Government and integrated care boards must commit to reducing the rate of mental illness among children by setting an achievable target.

"This needs to be backed by an expansion of the mental health workforce and additional funding for services.

"Investing in children's mental health will ultimately free up NHS time and resources, while ensuring the country has a healthy and productive population in the years to come."

The college said around half of mental health conditions arise before the age of 14 and three-quarters before the age of 24.

Data shows under-18s who are waiting for follow-up after a GP referral for mental health problems have already waited on average five months and, in the worst case, almost two years.

The Royal College of Psychiatrists said last year's Government announcement of an extra £5million to improve access to existing early support hubs was welcome.

But it said it predicts an extra £125 to £205million is needed to establish hubs in every local authority, with running costs of at least £114m per year.

It comes as the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) published a statement outlining the "changing role" for paediatricians in being involved in identifying and helping children with poor mental health.

RCPCH officer for mental health Dr Karen Street said: "The entire children's workforce has a role to play in tackling the current crisis in children's mental health but as paediatricians we are particularly well placed to make a difference.

"Research shows paediatricians are the most trusted profession for secondary school children, across all ethnicities and backgrounds and that children see doctors as a key group to support their mental health.

"We know that paediatric settings and emergency departments are not ideal for children and young people experiencing a crisis in their mental health, but they cannot be left without support.

"If we are ever to get out of this dire situation then we need meaningful support for health services and staff, as well as child focused polices that can improve the physical, emotional, social and educational wellbeing of young people.

"The responsibility to tackle this growing mental health emergency cannot be left to healthcare professionals alone."

Liberal Democrat health and social care spokesperson Daisy Cooper said: "This devastating explosion of mental ill health among children should be a wake-up call for the government.

"Conservative ministers have neglected children's mental health during and after the pandemic, leaving mental health services and families in crisis.

"We have seen a litany of broken promises from this government including the failure to deliver maximum waiting times for children, ending out of area placements or reforming the Mental Health Act."

https://www.thesun.co.uk/health/25760424/children-mental-health-crisis -soars/
In the sentence, "The Royal College of Psychiatrists said last year's Government announcement of an extra £5million to improve access to existing early support hubs was welcome," what does the word "welcome" most likely mean?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️

6564Q966299 | Inglês, Auditor Federal de Controle Externo, TCU, FGV, 2022

Texto associado.

Internal audit’s role in ESG reporting


Conversations and focus on sustainability, typically grouped into environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues, are quickly evolving — from activist investor groups and inquisitive regulators pushing for change to governing bodies and C-suite executives struggling to understand and embrace the concept. At the forefront of this new risk area is pressure for organizations to make public commitments to sustainability and provide routine updates to ESG-related strategies, goals, and metrics that are accurate and relevant. However, ESG reporting is still immature, and there is not a lot of definitive guidance for organizations in this space. For example, there is no single standard for what should be reported.


What is clear is that strong governance over ESG — as with effective governance overall — requires alignment among the principal players as outlined in The Internal Institute of Auditors (IIA) Three Lines Model. As with any risk area, internal audit should be well-positioned to support the governing body and management with objective assurance, insights, and advice on ESG matters.


Embarking on the ESG journey


Efforts to mitigate the accelerating effects of climate change and address perceived historical social inequities are two powerful issues driving change globally. These movements have enhanced awareness of how all organizations impact, influence, and interact with society and the environment.

They also have spurred organizations to better recognize and manage ESG risks (i.e., risks associated with how organizations operate in respect to their impact on the world around them). This broad risk category includes areas that are dynamic and often driven by factors that can be difficult to measure objectively.

Still, there is growing urgency for organizations to understand and manage ESG risks, particularly as investors and regulators focus on organizations producing high-quality reporting on sustainability efforts. What’s more, that pressure is being reflected increasingly in executive performance as more organizations tie incentive compensation metrics to ESG goals.

As ESG reporting becomes increasingly common, it should be treated with the same care as financial reporting. Organizations need to recognize that ESG reporting must be built on a strategically crafted system of internal controls and accurately reflect how an organization’s ESG efforts relate to each other, the organization’s finances, and value creation.

Internal audit can and should play a significant role in an organization’s ESG journey. It can add value in an advisory capacity by helping to identify and establish a functional ESG control environment. It also can offer critical assurance support by providing an independent and objective review of the effectiveness of ESG risk assessments, responses, and controls.

Source: Adapted from https://na.theiia.org/about-ia/PublicDocuments/WhitePaper-Internal-Audits-Role-in-ESG-Reporting.pdf

The excerpt “Efforts to mitigate the accelerating effects of climate change” (third paragraph) indicates that, if effective, the speed of climate change will be:
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  2. ✂️
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6565Q901275 | Inglês, Inglês, Prefeitura de Queimadas PB, FACET Concursos, 2024

Choose the CORRECT answer:

“Consider the week starting with Monday. What are the positions of Thursday and Sunday regarding their ordinal numbers respectively?”
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6566Q1023135 | Inglês, Análise Sintática Syntax Parsing, Promoção do QM 2022, SEDUC SP, VUNESP, 2025

Texto associado.
Read the text to answer question:


It is suggested that the field of language teaching has moved away from a reliance on prescriptive methods towards a more nuanced understanding of the complexities of language learning. For example, Richards and Rodgers (1986) note that there have been calls to abandon the search for a single “supermethod” and to instead focus on equipping teachers with “a repertoire of methods and skills that can be used selectively in different contexts”. This reflects a move away from the idea that there is one “right” way to teach language, and towards an approach that values flexibility, adaptability, and a recognition of the diverse contexts in which language learning takes place (Richards, 2001).


Realistically speaking, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages; up till now, no method has been empirically proven the best for all language educators to blindly adopt without discussion. For example, the current great enthusiasm for (and wide adoption of) the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) method in Egypt can be attributed to the failure of the previously adopted method (i.e. the Grammar-Translation Method) to meet the national language learning goals. It failed to develop a language learner who can communicate properly in English. This does not mean that the CLT will stay forever, especially in this Information and Communication Technology-dominated age (ICT) that has been changing the nature of language and how it should be taught (Abdallah, 2011).


(M. Abdallah, 2024. Disponível em: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED660475.pdf. Adaptado)
In the sentence taken from the second paragraph of the text “It failed to develop a language learner who can communicate properly in English”, the pronoun in bold refers to “the previously adopted method”. Sometimes, though, the pronoun it does not have a referent, and is used to perform a grammatical function, as in “It is getting late”. In this case, it is sometimes called dummy it or empty it. The sentence in which the pronoun is used this way is:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6567Q965535 | Inglês, Escriturário, Banco do Brasil, 2024

Texto associado.
Unlocking The AI Growth Multiplier

For companies across industries, AI can be a powerful growth tool by unlocking insights, capabilities, and productivity. For financial services, it could go even further by transforming how institutions and individuals interact with their financial services providers.
AI’s contribution to the global economy is currently estimated to be $19.9 trillion through 2030, driving 3.5% of global GDP. Many practicaluses of AI are already embedded in industries like financial services, with the technology beginning to transform the way products and services are offered, opening the door to innovation, new operating models, and inspiring how organizations reimagine growth.
Advancements in AI have enabled financial institutions to leverage large datasets to generate market insights, use generative AI to help improve decision-making and enhance client experience, and harness machine learning and natural language processing to automate. AI is also being used to develop sophisticated trading algorithms, detect fraud and cyber threats, and enhance personalized financial planning.
AI can increase productivity by 40% through automation of repetitive tasks and optimization of workflows, enabling businesses to achieve more in less time and reallocate time saved to more strategic work. Organizations aim to evolve from utilizing AI for basic automation to autonomous operations, focusing on increasing operating leverage through AI-driven processes with appropriate controls and human oversight. This could help streamline operations, enhance efficiencies, and improve risk management and compliance, helping to scale operations and minimize proportional cost increases.
AI can also be an important tool for mitigating certain types of risks, as it can help detect anomalies and fraud by continuously monitoring transactions and identifying suspicious activities. AI-enabled scenario creation, analysis, and anomaly detection can help supercharge risk management and control mitigation processes.
The next phase of AI for financial institutions involves creating new value streams through AI capabilities, preparing for the evolution of financial market infrastructure, and helping other market participants and clients through their transformation journeys. Companies can share best practices for responsible AI, partner with AI companies for continued innovation, and find ways to facilitate interaction between humans and AI.
While AI can clearly be a growth multiplier, it is imperative to prioritize the responsible development and usage of this technology given the potential risks. Appropriate use of AI within the financial sector relies on comprehensive risk management, governance checks and balances at multiple stages of development, maintaining human involvement through validation,continuous education, and collaborative discourse.
The responsible and ethical use of AI is not solely achieved through technical safeguards, governance, advanced models, and knowledge sharing, but also through democratization. Organizations must empower their workforce with knowledge and tools to thrive in an AI-driven world. Providing opportunities for upskilling and encouraging collaboration can help employees harness AI responsibly.

Michael Demissie, Christopher Martin and Saed Shonnar. Unlocking The AI Growth Multiplier. Available at: https://www.bny.com/corporate/global/en/insight s/unlocking-the-ai-growth-multiplier.html. Retrieved on: January 28, 2025. Adapted.
The main purpose of the text is to:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6568Q1024674 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Bibliotecário, USP, FUVEST, 2024

Texto associado.
TEXTO PARA A QUESTÃO


Among my fellow punctuation nerds, I have a reputation as someone who does not see any use for semicolons. Cecelia Watson, who teaches at Bard College, has written a whole book about them: “Semicolon: The Past, Present, and Future of a Misunderstood Mark.”

Watson, a historian and philosopher of science and a teacher of writing and the humanities—in other words, a Renaissance woman—gives us a deceptively playful-looking book that turns out to be a scholarly treatise on a sophisticated device that has contributed eloquence and mystery to Western civilization.

The semicolon itself was a Renaissance invention. It first appeared in 1494, in a book published in Venice by Aldus Manutius. “De Aetna,” Watson explains, was “an essay, written in dialogue form,” about climbing Mt. Etna. The mark was a hybrid between a comma and a colon, and its purpose was to prolong a pause or create a more distinct separation between parts of a sentence.

The problem with the semicolon is not how it looks but what it does and how that has changed over time. In the old days, punctuation simply indicated a pause. Comma, colon: semicolon; period. Eventually, grammarians and copy editors came along and made themselves indispensable by punctuating (“pointing”) a writer’s prose “to delineate clauses properly, such that punctuation served syntax.” That is, commas, semicolons, and colons were included in a sentence in order to highlight, subordinate, or otherwise conduct its elements, connecting them syntactically. One of the rules is that, unless you are composing a list, a semicolon is supposed to be followed by a complete clause, capable of standing on its own. The semicolon can take the place of a conjunction, like “and” or “but,” but it should not be used in addition to it.


https://www.newyorker.com/culture/comma-queen/sympathy-for-the-
semicolon. July 15, 2019. Adaptado.
No texto, a expressão “deceptively playful-looking” (2º parágrafo) indica que o livro de Cecelia Watson
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6569Q1023395 | Inglês, Verbos Verbs, Inglês, Prefeitura de São José dos Campos SP, FGV, 2023

Texto associado.
Read Text I and answer the question that follow it:


Text I

Multimodality in the English language classroom:
A systematic review of literature


Literacy in the 21st century is now no longer regarded simply as the ability to use a language competently in a mono-cultural setting. Literacy today involves students knowing how to navigate across an increasingly complex communication landscape and to negotiate a range of contexts and patterns of intercultural meanings as well as the prevalence of multimodal texts.

Contemporary communication environment is characterised by multimodal meaning-making, that is the “multiplicities of media and modes”, as well as “increasing local diversity and global connectedness” (New London Group, 1996, p. 62) which necessitates a shift in the pedagogical approaches that are adopted by teachers. This is especially so in the digital age where a sole focus on language in literacy is no longer sufficient for the new workplace given that a revised sense of ‘competence’ is required. The recognition of social diversity also demands pedagogical approaches that engage with the transcultural and multicultural classroom. Issues of the day such as fake news and social justice concerns also need to be addressed in the literacy classroom.

Multimodality focuses on understanding how semiotic resources (visual, gestural, spatial, linguistic, and others) work and are organised. Multimodality in education adopts an expanded view of literacy to include the range of multimodal communicative practices which young people are involved in today's digital age. Multimodal pedagogies refer to the ways in which the teacher can design learning experiences using a range of multimodal resources. It involves teachers making design choices in the ways in which the curriculum content is expressed, arranged, andsequenced multimodally. Multimodal pedagogies also involve designing opportunities for students to explore and perform ideas and identities using a range of meaning-making resources. The teaching and learning activities often involve drawing from the students’ funds of knowledge and their lifeworld. With multimodal pedagogies, teachers orchestrate the learning process by weaving together a series of knowledge representations into a cohesive tapestry and in so doing make apt selection of meaning-making resources to design the students’ learning experience.

Adapted from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science
/article/abs/pii/S0898589822000365
The modal verb in “The teacher can design learning experiences” (3rd paragraph) indicates:
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6570Q1020068 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, QM 2019, SEDUCSP, VUNESP, 2025

Read the anecdote. I’m a nurse, one time for Valentine’s Day I brought little satin hearts for my co-workers to pin in them. They were different sizes. There was a Dr there; when I was handing them out, someone decided he should have the largest one.
Later a family member comes to the desk asking for the Dr, my coworker says “oh he’s down that way, he’s the one with the big heart on”…
(https://www.reddit.com)
The misunderstanding by the family member may have happened because
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6571Q1011109 | Inglês, Manhã e Tarde, Instituto Rio Branco, CESPE CEBRASPE, 2025

Texto associado.
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.

“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”

Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.

Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.

She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”

Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.

“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”

Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official.
In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet:: <www.theguardian.com.> (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.

Amina Mohammed believes that women’s absence from decision-making roles is the only reason global development remains stagnant.

  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️

6572Q1023653 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Língua Inglesa Regular, Prefeitura de Garanhuns PE, IGEDUC, 2024

Julgue o item subsequente.


One of the aspects of the teaching-learning process is its adaptability as it evolves, therefore nowadays the institutions are encouraging students to learn more actively instead of only receiving instructions from the teacher.

  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️

6573Q1024933 | Inglês, Ensino da Língua Estrangeira Inglesa, Edital n 1, Prefeitura de Jaborá SC, AMAUC, 2025

There are several theories regarding how humans acquire language, each with different perspectives on the role of innate biological mechanisms and social interaction. For example, the nativist theory suggests that language acquisition is an inborn ability, while the interactionist theory emphasizes the importance of social interaction in learning a language. How does the interactionist theory explain language acquisition?
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6574Q1011112 | Inglês, Manhã e Tarde, Instituto Rio Branco, CESPE CEBRASPE, 2025

Texto associado.
A lack of women at decision-making tables around the world is hindering progress when it comes to tackling conflicts or improving health and standard of living, the highest-ranking woman in the UN (United Nations) has said.

“We’re half the population. And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing”, said Amina Mohammed, the UN deputy secretary general. “I think it’s why mostly our human development indices are so bad, why we have so many conflicts and we’re unable to come out of the conflicts.”

Since her appointment in 2017, Mohammed has been a constant voice in pushing back against the under-representation of women in politics, diplomacy and even the UN general assembly. Her efforts have helped cast a spotlight on the fact that women remain relegated to the margins of power around the world; last year the global proportion of female lawmakers stood at 26.9%, according to Switzerland’s Inter-Parliamentary Union.

Speaking to The Guardian, Mohammed said “flexing muscle and testosterone” often dominated at tables of power around the world. “This win, win, win at all costs — I think that would change if women were at the table”, she said.

She acknowledged that the world had seen a handful of female leaders who had not used their position to advocate for greater peace or conflict resolution. “Fair point, we see women in power and they’re sometimes the image of men”, she said. But she described it as unfair to judge women on an individual basis while they were still within the confines of a system dominated by men. “We don’t judge men that way.”

Mohammed highlighted how many parts of society still view women in power as “about taking away, rather than adding” value. “And we have to change that mentality”, she said.

“We kept looking at the Band-aid: put the women in office, let’s have affirmative action. And we never connected the dots for women themselves to build the constituencies and to go out and vote”, she said. “So we have to have a conversation with women first. Because if we’re doing this for women, should it not be by women?”

Ashifa Kassam. Lack of women at global tables of power hinders progress, says top UN official.
In: The Guardian, 19/6/2024. Internet:: <www.theguardian.com.> (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.

In the fragment ‘And what we bring to the table is incredibly important and it’s missing’ (second sentence of the second paragraph), the pronoun ‘we’ refers specifically to the women that are part of decision-making tables.

  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️

6575Q1023400 | Inglês, Formação de Palavras com Prefixos e Sufixos, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Ilha de Itamaracá PE, IDHTEC, 2023

'Reserving judgments is a matter of infinite hope. I am still a little afraid of missing something if I forget that, as my father snobbishly suggested, and I snobbishly repeat, a sense of the fundamental decencies is parcelled out unequally at birth.'.

Identify the words that contain a prefix and suffix respectively.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6576Q1022377 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Bocaina do Sul SC, INAZ do Pará, 2025

Texto associado.
"Artificial Intelligence: A Double-Edged Sword"

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has transitioned from a futuristic concept to an integral part of daily life. From virtual assistants and recommendation algorithms to advanced robotics and autonomous vehicles, AI has permeated various sectors, promising unprecedented levels of efficiency and innovation. Proponents argue that AI has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by enabling faster diagnoses, improve education through personalized learning experiences, and address global challenges such as climate change through predictive modeling. However, the rapid integration of AI into society has not been without controversy. Critics raise alarms over ethical dilemmas stemming from its deployment. Concerns include the displacement of millions of jobs as automation replaces human labor, the erosion of privacy due to pervasive surveillance technologies, and the potential misuse of AI in creating deepfakes or autonomous weapons. Moreover, there are fears that AI systems, if left unchecked, could exacerbate existing inequalities by embedding biases into algorithms or concentrating power in the hands of a few corporations and governments.

Adding to these challenges is the looming question of control. Experts debate whether AI, in its pursuit of optimizing tasks, could surpass human oversight and act in ways that conflict with human values. This raises the specter of existential risks, as advanced AI could inadvertently or deliberately cause harm on a global scale. While international organizations have begun discussions on regulating AI development, a global consensus remains elusive, leaving many unanswered questions about the future of humanity in an AI-driven world.

(Attributed to an Unknown Source)
Based on the text, select the CORRECT alternative.
  1. ✂️
  2. ✂️
  3. ✂️
  4. ✂️
  5. ✂️

6577Q1023915 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Princesa SC, AMEOSC, 2024

Texto associado.

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 1 a 9.

Valdivia Figurines and the appeal of 'the oldest'

(1º§) The logo for the Ecuadorian Ministry of Culture website is about my favourite thing of the afternoon which is saying a lot since I spent much of the day reading about giant Olmec heads. Three Valdivia Figurines in the colours of the Ecuadorian flag? I am sold! Golly, I love Valdivia figurines for all the right and all the wrong reasons.

(2º§) There are two things that can easily be said about Valdivia figurines: they are VERY Ecuadorian and they are VERY looted. The first explains why they appear prominently on the Ministry of Culture website (and on stencilled graffiti around Quito circa 2007). Ancient Ecuador has played second fiddle to Ancient Peru since the early days of archaeology. The Valdivia culture, however, represents something that Peru doesn't have, 'the oldest'. Everyone loves 'the oldest', national pride, etc. etc.

(3º§) Who else loves 'the oldest'? Collectors and Museums. If the Valdivia pottery sequence is the oldest in the new world, collectors want a slice of that pie. Heck, even better than some junky pottery, the Valdivia made interesting figurines: lovely ladies that look good on stark black backgrounds in auction catalogues. They are part of 'the oldest' yet they also look good.

(4º§) Valdivia sites are famously looted and Valdivia figurines are famously faked. A few years back I started doing some initial work into looting in Ecuador (which led to fieldwork in Quito and the cloud forest that didn't really go anywhere as of yet) and I, like anyone else going down that road, came across Bruhns and Hammond's 1983 Journal of Field Archaeology piece 'A Visit to Valdivia'. Knowing nothing at all about Ecuador at the time, I had never heard of Valdivia, a wonder since the only Ecuadorian archaeology books that Cambridge owns are a few by the late Betty Meggars and Emilio Estrada from the 1950s and 1960s which link uber-ancient Ecuador to Jomon Period Japan (yeah...I know). As Bruhns and Hammond relate, Meggars detected faking at Valdivia immediately after the start of her excavations: practical jokers who discovered a market for their copies. As the market for the pieces grew, the presumed fakes get more and more elaborate and fanciful...and Valdivia sites were just looted to pieces.

(5º§) So really with Valdivia we are left with a situation where we don't know what is real. It is directly comparable to the Cycladic Figurine problem: the corpus is mostly looted, it contains tons of forms not found in the limited archaeological excavations that have been conducted, and we intellectual consumers of artefacts don't know what to believe. To me Valdivia figurines are the perfect looting Catch 22: they warrant study so that the interested public can learn about 'the oldest', but they can't be studied because collectors wanted 'the oldest' so sites were looted and buckets of fakes were produced.

(6º§) In 2007 I bought a fake Valdivia figurine in Otavalo which now stands in a Spondylus shell on my counter and watches me cook. The fella selling it to me told me it was real. I knew it wasn't but made to put it back saying something along the lines that law breaking makes me sick. He quickly agreed that it wasn't real and cut his asking price by a ton. Que Sera. Three cheers, Ecuadorian Ministry of Culture, your logo is the best.

https://www.anonymousswisscollector.com/2012/09/valdivia-figurines-a

nd-appeal-of-oldest.html

What might be the implications for the study of Valdivia figurines if it is indeed challenging to distinguish between authentic artifacts and well-crafted fakes?

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6578Q1022380 | Inglês, Artigos Articles, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Bocaina do Sul SC, INAZ do Pará, 2025

Regarding the use of articles, prepositions, connectors, and adverbs in English, analyze the statements below and select the CORRECT alternative.
I. The definite article "the" is used with both countable and uncountable nouns whenever the noun is specific in context.
II. Prepositions such as "in," "on," and "at" follow strict and unchanging rules for use with expressions of time and place.
III. Connectors like "however" and "nevertheless" introduce contrasting ideas but differ in their degree of formality and intensity.
IV. Adverbs in English often end in "-ly" and can modify verbs, adjectives, or even other adverbs, depending on the context.
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6579Q1023404 | Inglês, Verbos Verbs, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Ilha de Itamaracá PE, IDHTEC, 2023

For many people, one of the most challenging aspects of learning English is the use of phrasal verbs. There are, literally, thousands of them, and no shortcuts to make them any easier. Choose the correct alternative about this theme:
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6580Q1022895 | Inglês, Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Jaborá SC, AMAUC, 2024

Read the following passage from a scientific article on the effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive function.
"Prolonged sleep deprivation has been shown to impair various cognitive functions, including attention, memory, and decision-making. Studies indicate that individuals who sleep less than six hours per night for extended periods experience significant reductions in their ability to concentrate, retain information, and make sound judgments. Moreover, the negative effects of sleep deprivation are cumulative, meaning that even small nightly deficits can add up to substantial impairments over time. These findings underscore the importance of adequate sleep for maintaining optimal cognitive performance."
Which statement best summarizes the author's findings?
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