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321Q947025 | Inglês, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2019

Texto associado.

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Artificial intelligence and the future of medicine

Washington University researchers are working to develop artificial intelligence (AI) systems for health care, which have the potential to transform the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, helping to ensure that patients get the right treatment at the right time.
In health care, artificial intelligence relies on the power of computers to sift through and make sense of reams of electronic data about patients—such as their ages, medical histories, health status, test results, medical images, DNA sequences, and many other sources of health information. AI excels at the complex identification of patterns in these reams of data, and it can do this at a scale and speed beyond human capacity. The hope is that this technology can be harnessed to help doctors and patients make better health-care decisions.


Where are the first places we will start to see AI entering medical practice?

One of the first applications of AI in patient care that we currently see is in imaging, to help improve the diagnosis of cancer or heart problems, for example. There are many types of imaging tests —X-rays, CT scans, MRIs and echocardiograms. But the underlying commonality in all those imaging methods is huge amounts of high-quality data. For AI to work well, it's best to have very complete data sets—no missing numbers, so to speak—and digital images provide that. Plus, the human eye is often blind to some of the patterns that could be present in these images—subtle changes in breast tissue over several years of mammograms, for example. There has been some interesting work done in recognizing early patterns of cancer or early patterns of heart failure that even a highly trained physician would not see.
In many ways, we already have very simple forms of AI in the clinic now. We've had tools for a long time that identify abnormal rhythms in an EKG, for example. An abnormal heartbeat pattern triggers an alert to draw a clinician's attention. This is a computer trying to replicate a human being understanding that data and saying, "This doesn't look normal, you may need to address this problem." Now, we have the capacity to analyze much larger and more complex sources of data, such as the entire electronic health record and perhaps even data pulled from daily life, as more people track their sleep patterns or pulse rates with wearable devices, for example.


What effect will this have on how doctors practice medicine?

It's important to emphasize that these tools are never going to replace clinicians. These technologies will provide assistance, helping care providers see important signals in massive amounts of data that would otherwise remain hidden. But at the same time, there are levels of understanding that computers still can't and may never replicate. To take a treatment recommendation from an AI, even an excellent recommendation, and decide if it's right for the patient is inherently a human decision-making process. What are the patient's preferences? What are the patient's values? What does this mean for the patient's life and for his or her family? That's never going to be an AI function. As these AI systems slowly emerge, we may start to see the roles of physicians changing—in my opinion, in better ways. Doctors' roles may shift from being data collectors and analyzers to being interpreters and councilors for patients as they try to navigate their health.
Right now, the challenges we need to address as we try to bring AI into medical practice include improving the quality of the data that we feed into AI systems, developing ways to evaluate whether an AI system is actually better than standard of care, ensuring patient privacy and making sure not only that AI doesn't disrupt clinical work flow but in fact improves it. But if doctors do their jobs right and build these systems well, much of what we have described will become so ingrained in the system, people won't even refer to it separately as informatics or AI. It will just be medicine.

Disponível em: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2018-12-artificial-intelligence-future-medicine.html. Acesso em: 02 maio 2019.
De acordo com o texto, em termos de sentido, verifica-se que o trecho
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322Q947037 | Conhecimentos Gerais, Política, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2019

Leia o texto a seguir.
A eleição do presidente da república por via direta, a primeira em vinte e nove anos, com um eleitorado descontente, poderia levar a um resultado desfavorável aos interesses da elite. Inscreveram-se 24 candidatos cujas campanhas realizaram grandes comícios, ocuparam horários políticos gratuitos na televisão e no rádio, influenciando decisivamente na formação da opinião dos eleitores.
FIUSA, L. P. L.; DOMINGUES, J. E. História: o Brasil em foco. São Paulo: FTD, 1996. p. 391.
As eleições de 1989 confirmaram uma tendência verificada nos pleitos para o executivo municipal do ano 1988, cujas eleições foram marcadas
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323Q947077 | Português, Significação Contextual de Palavras, Direito, UEG, UEG, 2018

Texto associado.
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

O lobo e o cordeiro
Vamos mostrar que a razão do mais forte é sempre a melhor. Um cordeiro matava sua sede numa corrente de água pura, quando chega um lobo cuja fome o levava a buscar caça.
– Que atrevimento é esse de sujar a água que estou bebendo? – diz enfurecido o lobo. – Você será castigado por essa temeridade.
– Senhor – responde o cordeiro –, que vossa majestade não se encolerize e leve em conta que estou bebendo vinte passos mais abaixo que o senhor. Não posso, pois, sujar a água que está bebendo.
– Você a suja, sim – diz o cruel animal. – Sei que você falou mal de mim no ano passado.
– Como eu poderia tê-lo feito, se não havia sequer nascido? – responde o cordeiro. – Eu ainda mamo.
– Se não foi você, foi seu irmão.
– Eu não tenho irmãos.
– Então, foi alguém dos seus, porque todos vocês, inclusive pastores e cães, não me poupam. Fiquei sabendo disso e, portanto, preciso vingar-me.
Sem fazer nenhuma outra forma de julgamento, o lobo pegou o cordeiro, estraçalhou-o e devorou-o.
La Fontaine. O lobo e cordeiro. In: SAVIOLI, Francisco Platão; FIORIN, José Luiz.Lições de texto: leitura e redação. 5. ed. São Paulo: Ática, 2006. p. 125. (Adaptado).
A acusação lançada pelo lobo, no trecho “Sei que você falou mal de mim no ano passado”, apresenta, em relação ao trecho anterior “Você a suja, sim”, o seguinte efeito na construção textual:
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324Q680673 | Química, Interações Atômicas Ligações Iônicas, Processo Seletivo UEG, UEG, UEG

Neste ano, cientistas da Universidade de Harvard anunciaram a produção de hidrogênio metálico, submetendo hidrogênio molecular a altas pressões.
Dentre as propriedades características de compostos metálicos, encontra-se a
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325Q680685 | Filosofia, O Sujeito Moderno, Processo Seletivo UEG, UEG, UEG

Considerando algumas tendências sociológicas e filosóficas no pensamento contemporâneo, observam-se algumas correntes que fazem uma crítica da razão em seus fundamentos, nos seguintes termos:
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326Q947251 | Inglês, Medicina, UEG, UEG, 2018

Texto associado.

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


Digitizing Healthcare: How Technology Is Improving Medical Care

by Tricia Hussung


A wide variety of digital innovations are revolutionizing healthcare — and technology in medicine is here to stay. How are these changes impacting the delivery of care, and what skills are needed to succeed in this bold new world? It’s no secret that, as a society, technology has become a part of our everyday lives. In fact, almost 60 percent of American adults own a smartphone, and 42 percent of that same population (American adults) owns a tablet computer. Though technology has been permeating almost every aspect of our lives, until recent years the medical field has been largely unaffected by the rapid pace of technological innovation that is characteristic of the Digital Age. However, this is changing.


This ubiquity of technology is beginning to extend into the medical field. Advances in medical technology are changing medicine by giving physicians more information — as well as better, more specific data.


New Medical Technology: Innovations

So just what are these new advances in technology? The following are just a few of the many innovations that have occurred in medical technology over thepast yearalone. Some of these leading technologies are still being developed, while others are slowly being introduced into mainstream medical practice.


  • The modern hospital experience: Several medical technology companies are looking to update hospital stays to keep pace with the needs of modern patients. To more easily integrate changing technology, these new rooms would feature interchangeable parts that are easily adapted to the specific situation of a patient. The seamless design would have a minimal impact on facility operations while increasing patient comfort and connectivity.
  • Surgery simulation: The Roswell Park Cancer Institute has partnered with the University of Buffalo’s School of Engineering and Applied Sciences to create the Robotic Surgery Simulator (RoSS). This innovation allows real-world views of surgeries while eliminating the need for a live environment to train aspiring surgeons. It gives these medical professionals the space to experiment in a simulated environment, rather than risking making mistakes on real patients.
  • Cloud-based data and software: Applications like referralMD help healthcare providers create referrals digitally and reach millions of patients and providers who are in search of treatment options. The current, paper method of referrals causes almost 50 percent of patient referrals to never actually result in doctor’s visits. This present gap in care “causes patients to lose treatment (and) the healthcare facility to lose money.” Software innovations like these are part of the relatively new field of health informatics, which aims to collect, store, analyze and present health data in a digital format.

With widespread innovations like these affecting patient care practices, it is not surprising that the way medical records and information are stored and shared is changing as well. These technological advancements are costeffective and improve the ability of medical professionals to diagnose and treat health issues of all kinds. Two of the main changes that are revolutionizing the future of healthcare are electronic medical records and health information exchange. Future won´t be the same for medical field. Are you ready for what is coming?


Disponível em:<https://online.king.edu/news/digitizing-healthcare-how-technology-is-improving-medical-care/>. Acesso em: 09 maio 2018. (Adaptado).



Considering the ideas expressed in the text, medical practice
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327Q947274 | Geografia, Medicina, UEG, UEG, 2018

A violência é uma das questões mais debatidas na contemporaneidade e um grave problema social. Existem diversas formas de violência, como a física, a sexual, a doméstica, a política, a simbólica, entre outras. A partir da perspectiva sociológica, constata-se que a violência é
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328Q947178 | Matemática, Língua Inglesa em Rede, UEG, UEG, 2018

Em termos de periodização, tanto a pintura quanto o poema pertencem ao
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329Q947264 | Física, Eletricidade, Medicina, UEG, UEG, 2018

Em uma tubulação instalada na direção horizontal, um líquido se desloca com uma velocidade constante de 30,0 cm/s quando passa por um ponto cujo raio da secção transversal vale 12,0 cm. Considere que o atrito entre o líquido e o tubo seja desprezível. Qual será, em porcentagem, o aumento da velocidade do líquido, em outro ponto, cujo raio da secção transversal seja a metade do raio no ponto anterior?
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330Q947023 | Inglês, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2019

Texto associado.

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

Artificial intelligence and the future of medicine

Washington University researchers are working to develop artificial intelligence (AI) systems for health care, which have the potential to transform the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, helping to ensure that patients get the right treatment at the right time.
In health care, artificial intelligence relies on the power of computers to sift through and make sense of reams of electronic data about patients—such as their ages, medical histories, health status, test results, medical images, DNA sequences, and many other sources of health information. AI excels at the complex identification of patterns in these reams of data, and it can do this at a scale and speed beyond human capacity. The hope is that this technology can be harnessed to help doctors and patients make better health-care decisions.


Where are the first places we will start to see AI entering medical practice?

One of the first applications of AI in patient care that we currently see is in imaging, to help improve the diagnosis of cancer or heart problems, for example. There are many types of imaging tests —X-rays, CT scans, MRIs and echocardiograms. But the underlying commonality in all those imaging methods is huge amounts of high-quality data. For AI to work well, it's best to have very complete data sets—no missing numbers, so to speak—and digital images provide that. Plus, the human eye is often blind to some of the patterns that could be present in these images—subtle changes in breast tissue over several years of mammograms, for example. There has been some interesting work done in recognizing early patterns of cancer or early patterns of heart failure that even a highly trained physician would not see.
In many ways, we already have very simple forms of AI in the clinic now. We've had tools for a long time that identify abnormal rhythms in an EKG, for example. An abnormal heartbeat pattern triggers an alert to draw a clinician's attention. This is a computer trying to replicate a human being understanding that data and saying, "This doesn't look normal, you may need to address this problem." Now, we have the capacity to analyze much larger and more complex sources of data, such as the entire electronic health record and perhaps even data pulled from daily life, as more people track their sleep patterns or pulse rates with wearable devices, for example.


What effect will this have on how doctors practice medicine?

It's important to emphasize that these tools are never going to replace clinicians. These technologies will provide assistance, helping care providers see important signals in massive amounts of data that would otherwise remain hidden. But at the same time, there are levels of understanding that computers still can't and may never replicate. To take a treatment recommendation from an AI, even an excellent recommendation, and decide if it's right for the patient is inherently a human decision-making process. What are the patient's preferences? What are the patient's values? What does this mean for the patient's life and for his or her family? That's never going to be an AI function. As these AI systems slowly emerge, we may start to see the roles of physicians changing—in my opinion, in better ways. Doctors' roles may shift from being data collectors and analyzers to being interpreters and councilors for patients as they try to navigate their health.
Right now, the challenges we need to address as we try to bring AI into medical practice include improving the quality of the data that we feed into AI systems, developing ways to evaluate whether an AI system is actually better than standard of care, ensuring patient privacy and making sure not only that AI doesn't disrupt clinical work flow but in fact improves it. But if doctors do their jobs right and build these systems well, much of what we have described will become so ingrained in the system, people won't even refer to it separately as informatics or AI. It will just be medicine.

Disponível em: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2018-12-artificial-intelligence-future-medicine.html. Acesso em: 02 maio 2019.
Considering the ideas expressed in the text, artificial intelligence (AI) systems
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331Q680670 | Biologia, Problemas ambientais e medidas de conservação, Processo Seletivo UEG, UEG, UEG

Em novembro de 2015, o rompimento de uma barragem da mineradora Samarco provocou uma enxurrada de lama que devastou o distrito de Bento Rodrigues, no município de Mariana, em Minas Gerais, deixando um rastro de destruição à medida que a lama avançava pelo Rio Doce. Cerca de um ano depois, alguns biólogos têm levantado a possibilidade de existir uma relação entre o recente aumento da incidência de casos de febre amarela, em Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo, com o acidente ambiental relatado. As suspeitas dos biólogos são pautadas no fato de as cidades em que foram identificados casos de pacientes com sintomas dessa doença serem próximas ao Rio Doce e no fato de terem sido encontrados macacos mortos infectados pelo vírus da febre amarela próximo à cidade de Colatina, no estado do Espírito Santo, cidade também afetada pela tragédia de Mariana. Sobre as contribuições do desequilíbrio ecológico para a proliferação de doenças, verifica-se que
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332Q954631 | Legislação Estadual, Decreto nº 9837 de 2021, Docente, UEG, UEG, 2025

Uma docente de ensino superior da Universidade Estadual de Goiás foi convidada para compor a banca de avaliação de Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) de seu filho, que é discente do curso ao qual a professora está vinculada. Considerando o Código de Ética e Conduta Profissional do Servidor e da Alta Administração da administração pública direta, autárquica e fundacional do Poder Executivo estadual e o Código de Ética da Universidade Estadual de Goiás, a docente:
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333Q947074 | Inglês, Direito, UEG, UEG, 2018

Texto associado.

Leia o texto e responda à questão.

Lawyers could be the next profession to be replaced by computers
Technology is often blamed for destroying traditional working-class jobs in sectors like manufacturing and retail. But blue collar jobs aren't the only ones at risk on an imminent future: white collar jobs are going to be affected by technology as well.
The legal profession is on the cusp of a transformation in which artificial-intelligence (AI) platforms might dramatically affect how legal work gets done. Those platforms will mine documents for evidence that will be useful in litigation, to review and create contracts, raise red flags within companies to identify potential fraud and other misconduct or do legal research and perform due diligence before corporate acquisitions. Those are all tasks that — for the moment at least — are largely the responsibility of flesh-and-blood attorneys.
Increasing automation of the legal industry promises to increase efficiency and save client’s money, but could also cut jobs in the sector as the technology becomes responsible for tasks currently performed by humans.
Advocates of AI, however, argue there could actually be an increase in the sector's labor force as the technology drives costs down and makes legal services more affordable to greater numbers of people. It's like the beginning for a future changing in legal profession with AI-powered platform which can perform almost all mechanical work such as creating a new contract or reviewing it for clients and companies.

What machines do better than people
One question raised by the introduction of AI legal platforms is how well they do their jobs compared to a flesh-and-blood lawyer, who has years of experience under his belt. Supporters of this new technology defend that AI platform can search documents for relevant information to lawsuits and other litigation as well as experienced lawyers. Here are some of AI advantages:
Keywords: human beings are not very good at keyword searches. There's a fallacy that human beings looking at documents is the gold standard which cannot be, because human may miss things.
Database: the explosion in the amount of electronic data generated today makes it hard for human workers to keep up. This so much more data nowadays need these technologies find relevant material for lawyers. Also the AI could not just look at the text of a document or email, it can look at the tone of the conversation, who sent it, to check if the item should be flagged for review in litigation.
Restless: computers don't get tired, they don't get hungry, they don't sleep in and all of the things that are biological problems that can happen to a human being can't happen to computers.
An example of this technology is ROSS - it is a legal research platform based on IBM's cognitive computing system Watson. This technology is being used by a number of law firms, which state that the legal sector has being changing along the years. Firms, particularly larger ones, begin to see the advantage of AI, and their legal future possibly will completely change, with lawyers working from office, home office and other possibilities.
Disponível em: <https://www.cnbc.com/2017/02/17/lawyers-could-be-replaced-by-artificial-intelligence.html>
Acesso em: 08 maio 2018. (Adaptado)
Em termos de sentido, verifica-se que a expressão
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334Q678646 | Inglês, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2019

Texto associado.
This is how UN scientists are preparing for the end of capitalism


Capitalism as we know it is over. So suggests a new report commissioned by a group of scientists appointed by the UN secretary general. The main reason? We’re transitioning rapidly to a radically different global economy, due to our increasingly unsustainable exploitation of the planet’s environmental resources and the shift to less efficient energy sources .
Climate change and species extinctions are accelerating even as societies are experiencing rising inequality, unemployment, slow economic growth, rising debt levels, and impotent governments. Contrary to the way policymakers usually think about these problems these are not really separate crises at all.
These crises are part of the same fundamental transition. The new era is characterized by inefficient fossil fuel production and escalating costs of climate change. Conventional capitalist economic thinking can no longer explain, predict or solve the workings of the global economy in this new age.

Energy shift

Those are the implications of a new background paper prepared by a team of Finnish biophysicists who were asked to provide research that would feed into the drafting of the UN Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR), which will be released in 2019.
For the “first time in human history”, the paper says, capitalist economies are “shifting to energy sources that are less energy efficient.” Producing usable energy (“exergy”) to keep powering “both basic and non-basic human activities” in industrial civilisation “will require more, not less, effort”.
At the same time, our hunger for energy is driving what the paper refers to as “sink costs.” The greater our energy and material use, the more waste we generate, and so the greater the environmental costs. Though they can be ignored for a while, eventually those environmental costs translate directly into economic costs as it becomes more and more difficult to ignore their impacts on our societies.
Overall, the amount of energy we can extract, compared to the energy we are using to extract it, is decreasing across the spectrum – unconventional oils, nuclear and renewables return less energy in generation than conventional oils, whose production has peaked – and societies need to abandon fossil fuels because of their impact on the climate.
Whether or not this system still comprises a form of capitalism is ultimately a semantic question. It depends on how you define capitalism.
Economic activity is driven by meaning – maintaining equal possibilities for the good life while lowering emissions dramatically – rather than profit, and the meaning is politically, collectively constructed. Well, this is the best conceivable case in terms of modern state and market institutions. It can’t happen without considerable reframing of economic-political thinking, in short words: rethinking capitalism as it is nowadays.



Disponível em: <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/capitalism-un-scientists-preparing-end-fossil-fuels-warning-demise-a8523856.html>. Acesso em: 12 mar. 2019. (Adaptado).

Considerando as ideias apresentadas no texto, constata-se que
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335Q678668 | Conhecimentos Gerais, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2019

Leia a frase a seguir.
“Olho por olho e o mundo acabará cego”
A frase icônica é coerente com os conceitos éticos do
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336Q947057 | Química, Transformações Químicas, Inglês, UEG, UEG, 2019

O sulfato de bário é uma substância que, em suspensão aquosa, é indicada como meio de contraste radiológico do tubo gastrointestinal. Já o cloreto de bário, outro sal de bário, é tóxico por ingestão, podendo causar a morte. As solubilidades do sulfato de bário e do cloreto de bário em 100 g de água a 25 ºC são, respectivamente: 0,00031 g e 37,0 g. Se a uma solução aquosa de cloreto de bário for adicionado ácido sulfúrico em excesso, formam-se os seguintes produtos:
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337Q948849 | Biologia, Evolução biológica, Língua Inglesa, UEG, UEG

No dia 13 setembro de 2017, fez 30 anos do acidente radiológico Césio -137, em Goiânia – GO. Sabe-se que a meia-vida desse isótopo radioativo é de aproximadamente 30 anos. Então, em 2077, a massa que restará, em relação à massa inicial da época do acidente, será
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338Q947079 | Arquivologia, Interpretação de Textos, Direito, UEG, UEG, 2018

Texto associado.
Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

Não há para mim uma ruptura entre o saber empírico e o saber científico, mas uma superação. Essa superação se dá na medida em que a curiosidade ingênua, sem deixar de ser curiosidade, se torna crítica. Ao se fazer crítica, tornando-se então curiosidade epistemológica, metodicamente rigorosa na sua aproximação com o objeto, promove achados de maior exatidão.

Na verdade, a curiosidade ingênua está associada ao saber do senso comum. É a mesma curiosidade que, se tornando crítica, passa a ser curiosidade epistemológica. Muda de qualidade, mas não de essência. A curiosidade de camponeses com quem tenho dialogado ao longo de minha experiência político-pedagógica é a mesma curiosidade com que cientistas ou filósofos acadêmicos admiram o mundo. Porém, os cientistas e os filósofos superam a ingenuidade da curiosidade do camponês ao aplicarem rigor metódico à sua curiosidade.

A curiosidade como inquietação indagadora, como inclinação ao desvelamento de algo, como pergunta, como procura de esclarecimento, faz parte da vida. Não haveria criatividade sem a curiosidade que nos move e que nos põe pacientemente impacientes diante do mundo que não fizemos, acrescentando a ele algo que fazemos.

Como manifestação da vida, a curiosidade humana vem sendo histórica e socialmente construída e reconstruída, precisamente porque a passagem da ingenuidade para a criticidade não se dá automaticamente. Uma das tarefas precípuas da prática educativa-progressista é exatamente o desenvolvimento da curiosidade crítica, insatisfeita, indócil. Curiosidade com que podemos nos defender dos "irracionalismos" decorrentes do ou produzidos pelo excesso de "racionalidade" de nosso tempo altamente tecnologizado.

FREIRE, Paulo. Pedagogia da autonomia: saberes necessários à prática educativa. 55. ed. São Paulo: Paz e Terra, 2017. p. 32-33. (Adaptado).
Defende-se no texto a tese segundo a qual
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339Q1027811 | Raciocínio Lógico, Diagramas de Venn Conjuntos, Analista de Gestão Governamental, UEG, UEG, 2025

Uma prova de raciocínio lógico era composta por duas questões: A e B. Sabendo-se que 500 alunos acertaram somente uma das questões, 300 acertaram a questão B, 150 acertaram as duas questões e 200 erraram a questão A, verifica-se que a quantidade de alunos que fizeram a prova foi:
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340Q947281 | Biologia, Medicina, UEG, UEG, 2018

A atividade humana sobre os ecossistemas tem levado a uma diminuição da complexidade de inter-relações característica das comunidades naturais. Em locais nos quais estão instaladas usinas elétricas e atômicas, uma das principais preocupações é a diluição do teor de O2 dissolvido na água de áreas adjacentes, com consequente morte dos organismos vivos. A principal poluição causadora desse evento de desequilíbrio ambiental é
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