Questões de Concursos UNICENTRO

In a nationwide referendum, the Turkish population has voted for a change in the country’s constitution. It will give the president more power and reduce the influence of parliament. 51.3% of the voters said “Yes” to a change , while the “No” side received 48.7%. For months, the population has been divided on the issue. The new constitution is the biggest change in the structure of Turkey since it was founded in the early 20th century.

The referendum was a victory for Turkish President Recip Erdogan, who, together with his ruling AKP Party , called the country’s people to expand presidential powers. Erdogan became Turkey’s president in 2014 after being Prime Minster for over a decade. In the last few years he gained more and more power, especially after the attempted coup last summer. With the new constitution in place Erdogan could stay president until 2029.

Recip Erdogan insists that the new constitution will make Turkey more modern and easier to govern. Opponents of Erdogan claim that the change will make the president too powerful and will turn the country into a dictatorship ruled by one person. They say that, in future, the president cannot be controlled or supervised by parliament or the courts. In Turkey’s new constitution the president will have wide-ranging powers. He will not only be able to appoint his own minsters and choose the vice president, but also have the power to dissolve parliament and declare a state of emergency. He will also be able to appoint judges to the highest court, similar to the American President.

The European Union has been highly critical of the referendum and stated that a change towards more presidential power will not help Turkey become a member of the EU. It is afraid that, once Erdogan has more power, the country will disregard human rights and introduce the death penalty.

(Source: http://www.english-online.at/news-articles/world/europe/turkey-votes-for-new-constitution.htm)

In a nationwide referendum, the Turkish population has voted for a change in the country’s constitution. It will give the president more power and reduce the influence of parliament. 51.3% of the voters said “Yes” to a change , while the “No” side received 48.7%. For months, the population has been divided on the issue. The new constitution is the biggest change in the structure of Turkey since it was founded in the early 20th century.

The referendum was a victory for Turkish President Recip Erdogan, who, together with his ruling AKP Party , called the country’s people to expand presidential powers. Erdogan became Turkey’s president in 2014 after being Prime Minster for over a decade. In the last few years he gained more and more power, especially after the attempted coup last summer. With the new constitution in place Erdogan could stay president until 2029.

Recip Erdogan insists that the new constitution will make Turkey more modern and easier to govern. Opponents of Erdogan claim that the change will make the president too powerful and will turn the country into a dictatorship ruled by one person. They say that, in future, the president cannot be controlled or supervised by parliament or the courts. In Turkey’s new constitution the president will have wide-ranging powers. He will not only be able to appoint his own minsters and choose the vice president, but also have the power to dissolve parliament and declare a state of emergency. He will also be able to appoint judges to the highest court, similar to the American President.

The European Union has been highly critical of the referendum and stated that a change towards more presidential power will not help Turkey become a member of the EU. It is afraid that, once Erdogan has more power, the country will disregard human rights and introduce the death penalty.

(Source: http://www.english-online.at/news-articles/world/europe/turkey-votes-for-new-constitution.htm)

Los ensayos de Conan Doyle sobre literatura y escritura reflejan un cierto hartazgo de su propio detective

El actor Basil Rathbone, en la piel de 'Sherlock Holmes'. THE GRANGER COLLECTION, NUEVA YORK

Sherlock Holmes se convirtió en una criatura tan real que los escolares franceses llegados a Londres querían ver su (inexistente) casa en Baker Street, y muchos lectores enviaban cartas a su creador para pedirle autógrafos de su detective. Cuando Arthur Conan Doyle anunció que Holmes se retiraba para dedicarse a la apicultura en South Downs, el escritor empezó a recibir misivas ofreciéndole ayuda para la tarea. “¿Necesitará el señor Holmes un ama de llaves para su casa de campo?”, se interesaba una de ellas. “Sé de alguien a quien le encanta la vida tranquila del campo, además de ser una mujer discreta como las de antes”. Y no era la única.

No importaban las excentricidades que se gastaba el detective en el 221 B de Baker Street con su propia casera y criada, la señora Hudson, ni el peligro en que ponía el inmueble virtual una y otra vez. Los candidatos a asistirle en su etapa como apicultor u otras eran reales, como reales eran las peticiones de ayuda que recibía el doctor Conan Doyle para que investigara misterios sin resolver.

El elegante sir británico (Edimburgo, 1859-Crowborough, 1930) dejó la huella de sus recuerdos en Mis libros, Ensayos sobre literatura y escritura, una sabrosa rareza para aficionados y curiosos que Páginas de Espuma ha traído a España en traducción de Jon Bilbao. Estará en las librerías a la vuelta del verano.

¿Es justo que la criatura adquiera más fama que el creador? ¿No es realmente digno de orgullo que Frankenstein, Sherlock, Dorian Gray, el Quijote o Sancho se conviertan en iconos y parte de nuestro imaginario sin que prestemos atención al autor? Conan Doyle se resiente un tanto de que su criatura le supere y lo narra divertido en sus ensayos, llenos de anécdotas sobre casos reales que reclamaban de él el planteamiento que hubiera hecho Holmes si hubiera vivido de verdad.

(Texto disponível em: https://elpais.com/cultura/2017/08/21/actualidad/1503315459_069366.html. Acesso em 21.08.2017)

Como muchos de vosotros sabréis, ‘alter ego’ significa ‘el otro yo’ y se utiliza en algunas ocasiones para referirse a la doble personalidad de alguien; por ejemplo cuando éste se muestra/comporta de un modo en un sitio y de manera muy diferente en otro, como si tuviera dos identidades (un claro ejemplo sería la dualidad del personaje ‘Dr. Jekyll y Mr. Hyde’ de la famosa novela de Robert Louis Stevenson). Pero originalmente la expresión ‘alter ego’ nada tenía que ver con esta dualidad de la personalidad que hoy en día se le da sino que procede de una sentencia atribuida al famoso filósofo y matemático griego Pitágoras, quien en el siglo V a.C. fue preguntado por uno de sus muchos discípulos de la Escuela Pitagórica (hoy en día muy probablemente estaría considerada como una secta) sobre ‘qué es un amigo’. Pitágoras, haciendo una referencia a aquel que se mira en su propio reflejo en el agua contestó: ‘Un amigo es otro yo’. Pero hasta nosotros no nos llegó este aforismo en su forma original en griego. Fue a partir del siglo I d.C. a través del famoso filósofo y político del Imperio Romano Lucio Anneo Séneca (gran estudioso de la obra pitagórica), quien la dio a conocer en su forma en latín: ‘Amicus est alter ego’ (Un amigo es otro yo). Con el transcurrir de los siglos la parte de la expresión que ha prevalecido y que todos conocemos ha sido la final ‘alter ego’, siendo utilizada la locución tal y como explico al inicio del post y para referirse también a aquellas personas que son de nuestra total confianza o con la que te sientes completamente identificada: Fulanito es mi alter ego.

(Adaptado de: LÓPEZ, A. Disponible en: <http://blogs.20minutos.es/yaestaellistoquetodolosabe/el-curioso-origen-de-la-famosa-expresion-alter-ego/comment-page-1/#comment-10723>. Accedido el: 7 ago. 2015.)

Ferreira Gullar

O preço do feijão
não cabe no poema. O preço
do arroz
não cabe no poema.
Não cabem no poema o gás
a luz o telefone
a sonegação
do leite
da carne
do açúcar
do pão

O funcionário público
não cabe no poema
com seu salário de fome
sua vida fechada
em arquivos.
Como não cabe no poema
o operário que esmerila seu dia de aço
e carvão
nas oficinas escuras

- porque o poema, senhores,
está fechado:
"não há vagas

Só cabe no poema
o homem sem estômago
a mulher de nuvens
a fruta sem preço

O poema, senhores,
não fede
nem cheira

Gullar, Ferreira in 'Antologia Poética'. Disponível em Acesso em 08 de ago. 2018.