Questões de Concursos

A obra Fenomenologia do Espírito, de Hegel, caracteriza a libertação da autoconsciência em três momentos: estoicismo, ceticismo e consciência infeliz.
A etapa da consciência infeliz é caracterizada como a

Em sua obra O que é Utilitarismo, John Stuart Mill, ao abordar a concepção de felicidade utilitarista, conclui que “É melhor ser um ser humano insatisfeito do que um porco satisfeito, é melhor ser Sócrates insatisfeito do que um tolo satisfeito”


in: BONJOUR, L; BAKER, A. Filosofia – Textos fundamentais comentados. 2 ed. São Paulo: Artmed, 2010. p. 405.


Com essa conclusão, Mill procura ilustrar que

A filosofia pré-socrática é caracterizada pela preocupação cosmológica, concentrando-se na busca do princípio (monismo) ou dos princípios (pluralismo) capaz(es) de explicar o mundo natural.
São filósofos pluralistas:

Em A República, Platão constrói a sua visão sobre a justiça após assumir os desafios levantados por Trasímaco, no Livro I, e depois por Gláucon e Adimanto, no Livro II.
Em relação à discussão sobre a justiça que Platão desenvolve nessa obra, é correto afirmar que:

O conceito de Capital Humano, pensado pelo grupo de estudos de Theodoro Shultz, deu origem à teoria do capital humano, que teve diversos desdobramentos na esfera educativa.
A compreensão da educação como capital humano denota uma

Sócrates ocupa uma posição protagonista na história da filosofia. Ele é saudado como o inaugurador da primeira grande era da filosofia, e, em certa medida, da própria filosofia. No entanto, Sócrates nunca escreveu, e o que sabemos dele foram ideias e anedotas preservadas nas obras de seus admiradores, especialmente Platão.
Entre as ideias abaixo, qual delas NÃO é atribuída a Sócrates nos diálogos de Platão?

Na esteira da filosofia da educação marxista, a obra Fundamentos Político-Pedagógicos dos Institutos Federais, de Eliezer Pacheco, citando o documento Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio integrada ao Ensino Médio, do MEC/SETEC, de 2007, defende o trabalho como princípio educativo.

Segundo esse texto, o que significa a compreensão do trabalho como princípio educativo?

Segundo Pierre Hadot, "é sob a influência da personalidade e do ensinamento de Sócrates que Platão há de conferir, no Banquete, à palavra filósofo, e, portanto, também à palavra filosofia, um novo sentido”

HADOT, P. O que é Filosofia Antiga. São Paulo: Loyola, 1999. p. 69.

Qual é esse novo sentido a que se refere Hadot?

Em um campus do Instituto Federal Sul-Rio-Grandense, verificou-se que todo estudante, se não gosta de cálculo, gosta da área das linguagens e de história. Não há aluno que goste de cálculo ou da área das linguagens que não seja dedicado. Logo, sobre os alunos desse campus, conclui-se que

Considerando as proposições p e q e a condicional p ⭢ q , analise as afirmativas abaixo a respeito da equivalência lógica.
I.p ⭢ q e sua recíproca são equivalentes. II. a proposição contrária de p ⭢ q e q ⭢ p são equivalentes. III. a proposição contrapositiva de p ⭢ q é equivalente à ~p ⭢ ~q.
Está(ão) correta(s) apenas a(s) afirmativa(s):

Which of the following statements about teaching grammar in EFL using technology is INCORRECT?

Swan (2005) points out that putting a prefix at the beginning of a word changes its meaning without changing its basic structure. Prefixes are an essential tool in English for creating new words and adding nuance to existing ones. They enhance the accuracy and clarity of communication.
Which of the following words contains a prefix that means "opposite of"?

Murphy (2007) posits that a morpheme represents the smallest meaningful unit in a language. It can be a full word or a part of a word, like a prefix or suffix, which changes its meaning.
Which of the following terms, related to medical terminology shows the use of a derivational morpheme to alter its word class from a verb to a noun?

Swan (2005) explains that phonology is the study of the sound systems of languages, particularly how sounds function to convey meaning. This involves analyzing the arrangement and patterns of sounds (phonemes) in a particular language.
Which phonological process is responsible for the phenomenon where the sound /t/ is pronounced as [ʧ] (a voiceless postalveolar affricate) in the word "nature" due to the influence of the following /ʊr/?

Read the following excerpt:

“ELF is now the most common use of English in the world (Jenkins 2007), so a study of its linguistic features and the ways it allows people to achieve successful intercultural communication offers insights about international communication and also guidelines for English language teaching. (...) Although ELF shares some grammatical and phonological features with New Englishes (Deterding and Kirkpatrick 2006), ELF speakers generally avoid the use of local lexis and idioms (Kirkpatrick 2007b). This is a key distinction between World Englishes and ELF, as one fundamental role of World Englishes lies in their ability to reflect local phenomena and cultural values, often through the use of borrowings from local languages. In contrast, this is avoided in ELF communication, where the fundamental role is to facilitate cross-cultural communication”

Kirkpatrick and Deterding, p. 382. In: SIMPSON, J. (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics. London: Routledge, 2011.)


In relation to New Englishes and English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), it is correct to state that

Read the following excerpt about the Communicative Methodology:

“This redefinition of goals had a knock-on effect in terms of methodology: the focus on communicating messages – as opposed to rehearsing structural patterns – created the need for activities that encouraged some kind of meaningful exchange, as in informationgap tasks, and, in order to practice functional language, role plays and simulations became standard practice. And since communicative competence implies the capacity to communicate one’s meanings irrespective of formal accuracy, fluency was prioritized, reinforcing the trend towards incorporating less-controlled production activities within the PPP format. For similar reasons, the use of authentic reading and listening materials was promoted, and classroom procedures for minimizing the difficulties of these – such as the use of skimming and scanning strategies – became commonplace “

THORNBURY, 2011, p. 188-189. In: SIMPSON, J. (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics. London: Routledge, 2011.


Which statement best exemplifies this methodology in language learning?

According to Lourdes Ortega (2011), there are different approaches to explaining variability of L2 learning across individuals. The following excerpt is related to a critical approach:


“As Norton and Toohey (2001) explain, in this perspective constructs such as motivation, aptitude, and other individual differences are reconceptualized as stemming from the interplay between people’s understanding of themselves in the world and the constraints, material and symbolic, that their worlds afford them. These understandings are dialectically shaped by the hopes and aspirations of individuals and by the power structures of the societal milieus that they inhabit”

ORTEGA, 2011, p. 179. In: SIMPSON, J. (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics. London: Routledge, 2011).


Which statement best exemplifies the critical perspective in language learning?

Different teaching approaches confer distinct roles to language teachers. Make the correct association between numbers and letters, relating the type of teaching approach and its example.

1. Knowledge Transmission 2. Constructivism 3. Socioculturalism

A) Practices linked to this approach involve students actively engaging through experimentation, problem-solving, and discussions. They are also encouraged to reflect on these experiences by discussing their actions and the insights they gained.
B) Teachers are viewed as responsible for conveying their knowledge to students. A knowledgeable teacher’s structured presentation of information can assist students in comprehending and retaining what has been taught.
C) More skilled peers (and teachers) support or "scaffold" learners, providing a socially focused justification for interactive and collaborative work in pairs and groups.

What is the correct association between numbers and letters?