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ID: 684307•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXT
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century. Slavery continues today and harms people in every country in the world.
Women forced into prostitution. People forced to work in agriculture, domestic work and factories. Children in sweatshops1 producing goods sold globally. Entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts. Girls forced to marry older men.
There are estimated 40.3 million people in modern slavery around the world, including:
• 10 million children
• 24.9 million people in forced labour
• 15.4 million people in forced marriage
• 4.8 million people in forced sexual exploitation
Someone is in slavery if they are:
• forced to work – through coercion, or mental or physical threat;
• owned or controlled by an ’employer’, through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as ‘property’;
• physically constrained or have restrictions placed on their freedom of movement.
Slavery has been a disgraceful aspect of human society for most of human history. However, Anti-Slavery International has refused to accept that this bloody status quo should be allowed to persist (Aidan McQuade, former director).
Forms of modern slavery
Purposes of exploitation2 can range from forced prostitution and forced labour to forced marriage and forced organ removal. Here are the most common forms of modern slavery.
• Forced labour – any work or services which people are forced to do against their will3 under the threat of some form of punishment.
• Debt bondage or bonded labour – the world’s most widespread form of slavery, when people borrow money they cannot repay and are required to work to pay off the debt, then losing control over the conditions of both their employment and the debt.
• Human trafficking– involves transporting, recruiting or harbouring people for the purpose of exploitation, using violence, threats or coercion.
• Descent-based slavery – where people are born into slavery because their ancestors were captured and enslaved; they remain in slavery by descent.
• Child slavery – many people often confuse child slavery with child labour, but it is much worse. Whilst4 child labour is harmful for children and hinders5 their education and development, child slavery occurs when a child is exploited for someone else’s gain. It can include child trafficking, child soldiers, child marriage and child domestic slavery.
• Forced and early marriage – when someone is married against their will and cannot leave the marriage. Most child marriages can be considered slavery. 
Many forms of slavery have more than one element listed above. For example, human trafficking often involves advance payment for travel and a job abroad, using money often borrowed from the traffickers. Then, the debt contributes to control of the victims. Once they arrive, victims cannot leave until they pay off their debt.
Many people think that slavery happens only overseas, in developing countries. In fact, no country is free from modern slavery, even Britain. The Government estimates that there are tens of thousands people in modern slavery in the UK.
Modern slavery can affect people of any age, gender or race. However, contrary to a common misconception6 that everyone can be a victim of
slavery, some groups of people are much more vulnerable to slavery than others.
People who live in poverty7 and have limited opportunities for decent work are more vulnerable to accepting deceptive job offers that can turn exploitative. People who are discriminated against on the basis of race, caste, or gender are also more likely to be enslaved. Slavery is also more likely to occur where the rule of law is weaker and corruption is rife. Anti-Slavery International believes that we have to tackle8 the root causes of slavery in order to end slavery for good. That’s why wepublished our Anti- Slavery Charter, listing comprehensive measures that need to be taken to end slavery across the world.
(Adapted from https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/)

Glossary:
1. sweatshop – a factory where workers are paid very little and work many hours in very bad conditions
2. exploitation – abuse, manipulation
3. will – wish, desire
4. whilst – while
5. to hinder – obstruct, stop
6. misconception – wrong idea/ impression
7. poverty – the condition of being extremely poor
8. to tackle – attack
Mark the option that is NOT mentioned by the author (lines 15 to 23).

ID: 681907•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXT
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century. Slavery continues today and harms people in every country in the world.
Women forced into prostitution. People forced to work in agriculture, domestic work and factories. Children in sweatshops1 producing goods sold globally. Entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts. Girls forced to marry older men.
There are estimated 40.3 million people in modern slavery around the world, including:
• 10 million children
• 24.9 million people in forced labour
• 15.4 million people in forced marriage
• 4.8 million people in forced sexual exploitation
Someone is in slavery if they are:
• forced to work – through coercion, or mental or physical threat;
• owned or controlled by an ’employer’, through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as ‘property’;
• physically constrained or have restrictions placed on their freedom of movement.
Slavery has been a disgraceful aspect of human society for most of human history. However, Anti-Slavery International has refused to accept that this bloody status quo should be allowed to persist (Aidan McQuade, former director).
Forms of modern slavery
Purposes of exploitation2 can range from forced prostitution and forced labour to forced marriage and forced organ removal. Here are the most common forms of modern slavery.
• Forced labour – any work or services which people are forced to do against their will3 under the threat of some form of punishment.
• Debt bondage or bonded labour – the world’s most widespread form of slavery, when people borrow money they cannot repay and are required to work to pay off the debt, then losing control over the conditions of both their employment and the debt.
• Human trafficking– involves transporting, recruiting or harbouring people for the purpose of exploitation, using violence, threats or coercion.
• Descent-based slavery – where people are born into slavery because their ancestors were captured and enslaved; they remain in slavery by descent.
• Child slavery – many people often confuse child slavery with child labour, but it is much worse. Whilst4 child labour is harmful for children and hinders5 their education and development, child slavery occurs when a child is exploited for someone else’s gain. It can include child trafficking, child soldiers, child marriage and child domestic slavery.
• Forced and early marriage – when someone is married against their will and cannot leave the marriage. Most child marriages can be considered slavery. 
Many forms of slavery have more than one element listed above. For example, human trafficking often involves advance payment for travel and a job abroad, using money often borrowed from the traffickers. Then, the debt contributes to control of the victims. Once they arrive, victims cannot leave until they pay off their debt.
Many people think that slavery happens only overseas, in developing countries. In fact, no country is free from modern slavery, even Britain. The Government estimates that there are tens of thousands people in modern slavery in the UK.
Modern slavery can affect people of any age, gender or race. However, contrary to a common misconception6 that everyone can be a victim of
slavery, some groups of people are much more vulnerable to slavery than others.
People who live in poverty7 and have limited opportunities for decent work are more vulnerable to accepting deceptive job offers that can turn exploitative. People who are discriminated against on the basis of race, caste, or gender are also more likely to be enslaved. Slavery is also more likely to occur where the rule of law is weaker and corruption is rife. Anti-Slavery International believes that we have to tackle8 the root causes of slavery in order to end slavery for good. That’s why wepublished our Anti- Slavery Charter, listing comprehensive measures that need to be taken to end slavery across the world.
(Adapted from https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/)

Glossary:
1. sweatshop – a factory where workers are paid very little and work many hours in very bad conditions
2. exploitation – abuse, manipulation
3. will – wish, desire
4. whilst – while
5. to hinder – obstruct, stop
6. misconception – wrong idea/ impression
7. poverty – the condition of being extremely poor
8. to tackle – attack
Mark the INCORRECT statement according to the text.

ID: 685686•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXT
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century. Slavery continues today and harms people in every country in the world.
Women forced into prostitution. People forced to work in agriculture, domestic work and factories. Children in sweatshops1 producing goods sold globally. Entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts. Girls forced to marry older men.
There are estimated 40.3 million people in modern slavery around the world, including:
• 10 million children
• 24.9 million people in forced labour
• 15.4 million people in forced marriage
• 4.8 million people in forced sexual exploitation
Someone is in slavery if they are:
• forced to work – through coercion, or mental or physical threat;
• owned or controlled by an ’employer’, through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as ‘property’;
• physically constrained or have restrictions placed on their freedom of movement.
Slavery has been a disgraceful aspect of human society for most of human history. However, Anti-Slavery International has refused to accept that this bloody status quo should be allowed to persist (Aidan McQuade, former director).
Forms of modern slavery
Purposes of exploitation2 can range from forced prostitution and forced labour to forced marriage and forced organ removal. Here are the most common forms of modern slavery.
• Forced labour – any work or services which people are forced to do against their will3 under the threat of some form of punishment.
• Debt bondage or bonded labour – the world’s most widespread form of slavery, when people borrow money they cannot repay and are required to work to pay off the debt, then losing control over the conditions of both their employment and the debt.
• Human trafficking– involves transporting, recruiting or harbouring people for the purpose of exploitation, using violence, threats or coercion.
• Descent-based slavery – where people are born into slavery because their ancestors were captured and enslaved; they remain in slavery by descent.
• Child slavery – many people often confuse child slavery with child labour, but it is much worse. Whilst4 child labour is harmful for children and hinders5 their education and development, child slavery occurs when a child is exploited for someone else’s gain. It can include child trafficking, child soldiers, child marriage and child domestic slavery.
• Forced and early marriage – when someone is married against their will and cannot leave the marriage. Most child marriages can be considered slavery. 
Many forms of slavery have more than one element listed above. For example, human trafficking often involves advance payment for travel and a job abroad, using money often borrowed from the traffickers. Then, the debt contributes to control of the victims. Once they arrive, victims cannot leave until they pay off their debt.
Many people think that slavery happens only overseas, in developing countries. In fact, no country is free from modern slavery, even Britain. The Government estimates that there are tens of thousands people in modern slavery in the UK.
Modern slavery can affect people of any age, gender or race. However, contrary to a common misconception6 that everyone can be a victim of
slavery, some groups of people are much more vulnerable to slavery than others.
People who live in poverty7 and have limited opportunities for decent work are more vulnerable to accepting deceptive job offers that can turn exploitative. People who are discriminated against on the basis of race, caste, or gender are also more likely to be enslaved. Slavery is also more likely to occur where the rule of law is weaker and corruption is rife. Anti-Slavery International believes that we have to tackle8 the root causes of slavery in order to end slavery for good. That’s why wepublished our Anti- Slavery Charter, listing comprehensive measures that need to be taken to end slavery across the world.
(Adapted from https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/)

Glossary:
1. sweatshop – a factory where workers are paid very little and work many hours in very bad conditions
2. exploitation – abuse, manipulation
3. will – wish, desire
4. whilst – while
5. to hinder – obstruct, stop
6. misconception – wrong idea/ impression
7. poverty – the condition of being extremely poor
8. to tackle – attack
Mark the INCORRECT statement, considering the content of the text.

ID: 689196•
Português•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXTO I
Rap: uma linguagem dos guetos
Entre as vozes que se cruzam na cacofonia urbana da sociedade globalizada, há uma que se sobressai pela sua radicalidade marginal: o rap. A moderna tradição negra dos guetos norte-americanos é, 5 hoje, cantada pelos jovens das periferias de todos os quadrantes do globo. Mas diferentemente das estereotipias produzidas pela nação hegemônica e difundidas em escala planetária, a cultura hip-hop costuma ser assimilada como uma fala histórica 10 essencialmente crítica por uma juventude com tão escassas vias de fuga ao sempre igual. Quando, por exemplo, jovens de uma favela brasileira incorporam esta linguagem tornada universal, por mais que a sua realidade seja diferente daquela dos marginalizados do 15 país de origem, a forma permanece associada a um conteúdo crítico – uma visão de mundo subalterna e frequentemente subversiva.
O rap é hoje uma forma de expressão comunitária, por meio da qual se comunicam e afirmam 20 sua identidade habitantes dos morros e comunidades populares. /.../
O surgimento do movimento hip-hop nos remete ao contexto no qual estavam inseridos os Estados Unidos dos anos 60 e 70, no auge da Guerra 25 Fria. Foram anos de tensão e muita agitação política. O descontentamento popular com a guerra do Vietnã somava-se à pressão das comunidades negras segregadas, submetidas a leis similares às do apartheid sul-africano. O clima de revolta e inconformismo tomava 30 conta dos guetos negros.
/.../
Na trilha da agitação política ocorriam inovações culturais. Nos guetos, o que se ouvia era o soul, que foi importante para a organização e 35 conscientização daquela população. /.../ No mesmo período surge uma variedade de outros ritmos, como o funk, marcados por pancadas poderosas que causavam estranhamento aos brancos, letras que invocavam a valorização da cultura negra e denunciavam as 40 condições às quais eram submetidas as populações dos guetos. O soul e o funk foram as bases musicais que permitiram o surgimento do rap, que virá a ser um dos elementos do movimento hip-hop.
Por essa época ou um pouco antes, jovens 45 negros já dançavam [o break] nas ruas ao som do soul e do funk de uma forma inovadora, executando passos que lembravam ao mesmo tempo uma luta e os movimentos de um robô. /.../
Finalmente, além da música e da dança, 50 propagava-se pelos guetos, ainda, o hábito de desenhar e escrever em muros e paredes. /.../ Nesse contexto de efervescência político-cultural, grafiteiros, breakers e rappers começaram a se reunir para realizar eventos juntos, afinal suas artes estavam relacionadas a uma 55 experiência comum, a cultura de rua. /.../
Por volta de 1982, o rap chegou ao Brasil, fixando-se, sobretudo, em São Paulo. /.../
Nos últimos anos da década de 90, o rap brasileiro ultrapassou os limites da periferia dos grandes 60 centros e chegou à classe média. /.../ O rap de caráter mais comercial passou então a ser amplamente difundido pelo país, ao mesmo tempo em que, em sua forma marginal, a linguagem continuava a se desenvolver nos espaços populares.
65 Há que se destacar o caráter inovador do rap nacional, que reelabora, de forma criadora, a partir de tradições populares brasileiras, a linguagem dos guetos norte-americanos, mesclando o ritmo do Bronx a gêneros como o samba e a embolada.
70 /.../
Não se trata, no entanto, de idealizar o hip-hop como forma de conhecimento. O movimento, seguramente, não é homogêneo: possui tendências mais ou menos politizadas, mais ou menos engajadas e 75 críticas. Há, por assim dizer, uma vertente cuja tônica é a denúncia, a agitação e o protesto. Outra, espontânea, sem uma linha política coerente e definida. E outra ainda, talvez hegemônica, já assimilada pelo mercado, que reproduz o modelo de comportamento, aspirações e 80 ideais dominantes (consumismo, individualismo e exaltação da vida privada), como a maioria das canções ditas "de massa".

(COUTINHO, Eduardo Granja, ARAÚJO, Marianna. Rap: uma linguagem dos
guetos. In: PAIVA, Raquel, TUZZO, Simone Antoniaci (Orgs.). Comunidade, mídia e
cidade: possibilidades comunitárias na cidade hoje. Goiânia: FIC/UFG, 2014.)
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta uma leitura correta acerca do texto.

ID: 687628•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXT
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century. Slavery continues today and harms people in every country in the world.
Women forced into prostitution. People forced to work in agriculture, domestic work and factories. Children in sweatshops1 producing goods sold globally. Entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts. Girls forced to marry older men.
There are estimated 40.3 million people in modern slavery around the world, including:
• 10 million children
• 24.9 million people in forced labour
• 15.4 million people in forced marriage
• 4.8 million people in forced sexual exploitation
Someone is in slavery if they are:
• forced to work – through coercion, or mental or physical threat;
• owned or controlled by an ’employer’, through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as ‘property’;
• physically constrained or have restrictions placed on their freedom of movement.
Slavery has been a disgraceful aspect of human society for most of human history. However, Anti-Slavery International has refused to accept that this bloody status quo should be allowed to persist (Aidan McQuade, former director).
Forms of modern slavery
Purposes of exploitation2 can range from forced prostitution and forced labour to forced marriage and forced organ removal. Here are the most common forms of modern slavery.
• Forced labour – any work or services which people are forced to do against their will3 under the threat of some form of punishment.
• Debt bondage or bonded labour – the world’s most widespread form of slavery, when people borrow money they cannot repay and are required to work to pay off the debt, then losing control over the conditions of both their employment and the debt.
• Human trafficking– involves transporting, recruiting or harbouring people for the purpose of exploitation, using violence, threats or coercion.
• Descent-based slavery – where people are born into slavery because their ancestors were captured and enslaved; they remain in slavery by descent.
• Child slavery – many people often confuse child slavery with child labour, but it is much worse. Whilst4 child labour is harmful for children and hinders5 their education and development, child slavery occurs when a child is exploited for someone else’s gain. It can include child trafficking, child soldiers, child marriage and child domestic slavery.
• Forced and early marriage – when someone is married against their will and cannot leave the marriage. Most child marriages can be considered slavery. 
Many forms of slavery have more than one element listed above. For example, human trafficking often involves advance payment for travel and a job abroad, using money often borrowed from the traffickers. Then, the debt contributes to control of the victims. Once they arrive, victims cannot leave until they pay off their debt.
Many people think that slavery happens only overseas, in developing countries. In fact, no country is free from modern slavery, even Britain. The Government estimates that there are tens of thousands people in modern slavery in the UK.
Modern slavery can affect people of any age, gender or race. However, contrary to a common misconception6 that everyone can be a victim of
slavery, some groups of people are much more vulnerable to slavery than others.
People who live in poverty7 and have limited opportunities for decent work are more vulnerable to accepting deceptive job offers that can turn exploitative. People who are discriminated against on the basis of race, caste, or gender are also more likely to be enslaved. Slavery is also more likely to occur where the rule of law is weaker and corruption is rife. Anti-Slavery International believes that we have to tackle8 the root causes of slavery in order to end slavery for good. That’s why wepublished our Anti- Slavery Charter, listing comprehensive measures that need to be taken to end slavery across the world.
(Adapted from https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/)

Glossary:
1. sweatshop – a factory where workers are paid very little and work many hours in very bad conditions
2. exploitation – abuse, manipulation
3. will – wish, desire
4. whilst – while
5. to hinder – obstruct, stop
6. misconception – wrong idea/ impression
7. poverty – the condition of being extremely poor
8. to tackle – attack
Considering the use of possessive adjectives, mark the alternative that completes the sentence below correctly Modern slavery includes

ID: 682713•
Português•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXTO I
Rap: uma linguagem dos guetos
Entre as vozes que se cruzam na cacofonia urbana da sociedade globalizada, há uma que se sobressai pela sua radicalidade marginal: o rap. A moderna tradição negra dos guetos norte-americanos é, 5 hoje, cantada pelos jovens das periferias de todos os quadrantes do globo. Mas diferentemente das estereotipias produzidas pela nação hegemônica e difundidas em escala planetária, a cultura hip-hop costuma ser assimilada como uma fala histórica 10 essencialmente crítica por uma juventude com tão escassas vias de fuga ao sempre igual. Quando, por exemplo, jovens de uma favela brasileira incorporam esta linguagem tornada universal, por mais que a sua realidade seja diferente daquela dos marginalizados do 15 país de origem, a forma permanece associada a um conteúdo crítico – uma visão de mundo subalterna e frequentemente subversiva.
O rap é hoje uma forma de expressão comunitária, por meio da qual se comunicam e afirmam 20 sua identidade habitantes dos morros e comunidades populares. /.../
O surgimento do movimento hip-hop nos remete ao contexto no qual estavam inseridos os Estados Unidos dos anos 60 e 70, no auge da Guerra 25 Fria. Foram anos de tensão e muita agitação política. O descontentamento popular com a guerra do Vietnã somava-se à pressão das comunidades negras segregadas, submetidas a leis similares às do apartheid sul-africano. O clima de revolta e inconformismo tomava 30 conta dos guetos negros.
/.../
Na trilha da agitação política ocorriam inovações culturais. Nos guetos, o que se ouvia era o soul, que foi importante para a organização e 35 conscientização daquela população. /.../ No mesmo período surge uma variedade de outros ritmos, como o funk, marcados por pancadas poderosas que causavam estranhamento aos brancos, letras que invocavam a valorização da cultura negra e denunciavam as 40 condições às quais eram submetidas as populações dos guetos. O soul e o funk foram as bases musicais que permitiram o surgimento do rap, que virá a ser um dos elementos do movimento hip-hop.
Por essa época ou um pouco antes, jovens 45 negros já dançavam [o break] nas ruas ao som do soul e do funk de uma forma inovadora, executando passos que lembravam ao mesmo tempo uma luta e os movimentos de um robô. /.../
Finalmente, além da música e da dança, 50 propagava-se pelos guetos, ainda, o hábito de desenhar e escrever em muros e paredes. /.../ Nesse contexto de efervescência político-cultural, grafiteiros, breakers e rappers começaram a se reunir para realizar eventos juntos, afinal suas artes estavam relacionadas a uma 55 experiência comum, a cultura de rua. /.../
Por volta de 1982, o rap chegou ao Brasil, fixando-se, sobretudo, em São Paulo. /.../
Nos últimos anos da década de 90, o rap brasileiro ultrapassou os limites da periferia dos grandes 60 centros e chegou à classe média. /.../ O rap de caráter mais comercial passou então a ser amplamente difundido pelo país, ao mesmo tempo em que, em sua forma marginal, a linguagem continuava a se desenvolver nos espaços populares.
65 Há que se destacar o caráter inovador do rap nacional, que reelabora, de forma criadora, a partir de tradições populares brasileiras, a linguagem dos guetos norte-americanos, mesclando o ritmo do Bronx a gêneros como o samba e a embolada.
70 /.../
Não se trata, no entanto, de idealizar o hip-hop como forma de conhecimento. O movimento, seguramente, não é homogêneo: possui tendências mais ou menos politizadas, mais ou menos engajadas e 75 críticas. Há, por assim dizer, uma vertente cuja tônica é a denúncia, a agitação e o protesto. Outra, espontânea, sem uma linha política coerente e definida. E outra ainda, talvez hegemônica, já assimilada pelo mercado, que reproduz o modelo de comportamento, aspirações e 80 ideais dominantes (consumismo, individualismo e exaltação da vida privada), como a maioria das canções ditas "de massa".

(COUTINHO, Eduardo Granja, ARAÚJO, Marianna. Rap: uma linguagem dos
guetos. In: PAIVA, Raquel, TUZZO, Simone Antoniaci (Orgs.). Comunidade, mídia e
cidade: possibilidades comunitárias na cidade hoje. Goiânia: FIC/UFG, 2014.)
Nota-se, no primeiro parágrafo do texto, que os autores enfatizam a informação presente no título, isto é, a relação do rap com o gueto, com espaços desprestigiados. Assinale a única palavra que NÃO foi empregada para reforçar esse aspecto no parágrafo.

ID: 682574•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXT
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century. Slavery continues today and harms people in every country in the world.
Women forced into prostitution. People forced to work in agriculture, domestic work and factories. Children in sweatshops1 producing goods sold globally. Entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts. Girls forced to marry older men.
There are estimated 40.3 million people in modern slavery around the world, including:
• 10 million children
• 24.9 million people in forced labour
• 15.4 million people in forced marriage
• 4.8 million people in forced sexual exploitation
Someone is in slavery if they are:
• forced to work – through coercion, or mental or physical threat;
• owned or controlled by an ’employer’, through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as ‘property’;
• physically constrained or have restrictions placed on their freedom of movement.
Slavery has been a disgraceful aspect of human society for most of human history. However, Anti-Slavery International has refused to accept that this bloody status quo should be allowed to persist (Aidan McQuade, former director).
Forms of modern slavery
Purposes of exploitation2 can range from forced prostitution and forced labour to forced marriage and forced organ removal. Here are the most common forms of modern slavery.
• Forced labour – any work or services which people are forced to do against their will3 under the threat of some form of punishment.
• Debt bondage or bonded labour – the world’s most widespread form of slavery, when people borrow money they cannot repay and are required to work to pay off the debt, then losing control over the conditions of both their employment and the debt.
• Human trafficking– involves transporting, recruiting or harbouring people for the purpose of exploitation, using violence, threats or coercion.
• Descent-based slavery – where people are born into slavery because their ancestors were captured and enslaved; they remain in slavery by descent.
• Child slavery – many people often confuse child slavery with child labour, but it is much worse. Whilst4 child labour is harmful for children and hinders5 their education and development, child slavery occurs when a child is exploited for someone else’s gain. It can include child trafficking, child soldiers, child marriage and child domestic slavery.
• Forced and early marriage – when someone is married against their will and cannot leave the marriage. Most child marriages can be considered slavery. 
Many forms of slavery have more than one element listed above. For example, human trafficking often involves advance payment for travel and a job abroad, using money often borrowed from the traffickers. Then, the debt contributes to control of the victims. Once they arrive, victims cannot leave until they pay off their debt.
Many people think that slavery happens only overseas, in developing countries. In fact, no country is free from modern slavery, even Britain. The Government estimates that there are tens of thousands people in modern slavery in the UK.
Modern slavery can affect people of any age, gender or race. However, contrary to a common misconception6 that everyone can be a victim of
slavery, some groups of people are much more vulnerable to slavery than others.
People who live in poverty7 and have limited opportunities for decent work are more vulnerable to accepting deceptive job offers that can turn exploitative. People who are discriminated against on the basis of race, caste, or gender are also more likely to be enslaved. Slavery is also more likely to occur where the rule of law is weaker and corruption is rife. Anti-Slavery International believes that we have to tackle8 the root causes of slavery in order to end slavery for good. That’s why wepublished our Anti- Slavery Charter, listing comprehensive measures that need to be taken to end slavery across the world.
(Adapted from https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/)

Glossary:
1. sweatshop – a factory where workers are paid very little and work many hours in very bad conditions
2. exploitation – abuse, manipulation
3. will – wish, desire
4. whilst – while
5. to hinder – obstruct, stop
6. misconception – wrong idea/ impression
7. poverty – the condition of being extremely poor
8. to tackle – attack
The word “goods” (line 6) means in the text

ID: 682077•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXT
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century. Slavery continues today and harms people in every country in the world.
Women forced into prostitution. People forced to work in agriculture, domestic work and factories. Children in sweatshops1 producing goods sold globally. Entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts. Girls forced to marry older men.
There are estimated 40.3 million people in modern slavery around the world, including:
• 10 million children
• 24.9 million people in forced labour
• 15.4 million people in forced marriage
• 4.8 million people in forced sexual exploitation
Someone is in slavery if they are:
• forced to work – through coercion, or mental or physical threat;
• owned or controlled by an ’employer’, through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as ‘property’;
• physically constrained or have restrictions placed on their freedom of movement.
Slavery has been a disgraceful aspect of human society for most of human history. However, Anti-Slavery International has refused to accept that this bloody status quo should be allowed to persist (Aidan McQuade, former director).
Forms of modern slavery
Purposes of exploitation2 can range from forced prostitution and forced labour to forced marriage and forced organ removal. Here are the most common forms of modern slavery.
• Forced labour – any work or services which people are forced to do against their will3 under the threat of some form of punishment.
• Debt bondage or bonded labour – the world’s most widespread form of slavery, when people borrow money they cannot repay and are required to work to pay off the debt, then losing control over the conditions of both their employment and the debt.
• Human trafficking– involves transporting, recruiting or harbouring people for the purpose of exploitation, using violence, threats or coercion.
• Descent-based slavery – where people are born into slavery because their ancestors were captured and enslaved; they remain in slavery by descent.
• Child slavery – many people often confuse child slavery with child labour, but it is much worse. Whilst4 child labour is harmful for children and hinders5 their education and development, child slavery occurs when a child is exploited for someone else’s gain. It can include child trafficking, child soldiers, child marriage and child domestic slavery.
• Forced and early marriage – when someone is married against their will and cannot leave the marriage. Most child marriages can be considered slavery. 
Many forms of slavery have more than one element listed above. For example, human trafficking often involves advance payment for travel and a job abroad, using money often borrowed from the traffickers. Then, the debt contributes to control of the victims. Once they arrive, victims cannot leave until they pay off their debt.
Many people think that slavery happens only overseas, in developing countries. In fact, no country is free from modern slavery, even Britain. The Government estimates that there are tens of thousands people in modern slavery in the UK.
Modern slavery can affect people of any age, gender or race. However, contrary to a common misconception6 that everyone can be a victim of
slavery, some groups of people are much more vulnerable to slavery than others.
People who live in poverty7 and have limited opportunities for decent work are more vulnerable to accepting deceptive job offers that can turn exploitative. People who are discriminated against on the basis of race, caste, or gender are also more likely to be enslaved. Slavery is also more likely to occur where the rule of law is weaker and corruption is rife. Anti-Slavery International believes that we have to tackle8 the root causes of slavery in order to end slavery for good. That’s why wepublished our Anti- Slavery Charter, listing comprehensive measures that need to be taken to end slavery across the world.
(Adapted from https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/)

Glossary:
1. sweatshop – a factory where workers are paid very little and work many hours in very bad conditions
2. exploitation – abuse, manipulation
3. will – wish, desire
4. whilst – while
5. to hinder – obstruct, stop
6. misconception – wrong idea/ impression
7. poverty – the condition of being extremely poor
8. to tackle – attack
Anti-Slavery International

ID: 682930•
Português•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXTO I
Rap: uma linguagem dos guetos
Entre as vozes que se cruzam na cacofonia urbana da sociedade globalizada, há uma que se sobressai pela sua radicalidade marginal: o rap. A moderna tradição negra dos guetos norte-americanos é, 5 hoje, cantada pelos jovens das periferias de todos os quadrantes do globo. Mas diferentemente das estereotipias produzidas pela nação hegemônica e difundidas em escala planetária, a cultura hip-hop costuma ser assimilada como uma fala histórica 10 essencialmente crítica por uma juventude com tão escassas vias de fuga ao sempre igual. Quando, por exemplo, jovens de uma favela brasileira incorporam esta linguagem tornada universal, por mais que a sua realidade seja diferente daquela dos marginalizados do 15 país de origem, a forma permanece associada a um conteúdo crítico – uma visão de mundo subalterna e frequentemente subversiva.
O rap é hoje uma forma de expressão comunitária, por meio da qual se comunicam e afirmam 20 sua identidade habitantes dos morros e comunidades populares. /.../
O surgimento do movimento hip-hop nos remete ao contexto no qual estavam inseridos os Estados Unidos dos anos 60 e 70, no auge da Guerra 25 Fria. Foram anos de tensão e muita agitação política. O descontentamento popular com a guerra do Vietnã somava-se à pressão das comunidades negras segregadas, submetidas a leis similares às do apartheid sul-africano. O clima de revolta e inconformismo tomava 30 conta dos guetos negros.
/.../
Na trilha da agitação política ocorriam inovações culturais. Nos guetos, o que se ouvia era o soul, que foi importante para a organização e 35 conscientização daquela população. /.../ No mesmo período surge uma variedade de outros ritmos, como o funk, marcados por pancadas poderosas que causavam estranhamento aos brancos, letras que invocavam a valorização da cultura negra e denunciavam as 40 condições às quais eram submetidas as populações dos guetos. O soul e o funk foram as bases musicais que permitiram o surgimento do rap, que virá a ser um dos elementos do movimento hip-hop.
Por essa época ou um pouco antes, jovens 45 negros já dançavam [o break] nas ruas ao som do soul e do funk de uma forma inovadora, executando passos que lembravam ao mesmo tempo uma luta e os movimentos de um robô. /.../
Finalmente, além da música e da dança, 50 propagava-se pelos guetos, ainda, o hábito de desenhar e escrever em muros e paredes. /.../ Nesse contexto de efervescência político-cultural, grafiteiros, breakers e rappers começaram a se reunir para realizar eventos juntos, afinal suas artes estavam relacionadas a uma 55 experiência comum, a cultura de rua. /.../
Por volta de 1982, o rap chegou ao Brasil, fixando-se, sobretudo, em São Paulo. /.../
Nos últimos anos da década de 90, o rap brasileiro ultrapassou os limites da periferia dos grandes 60 centros e chegou à classe média. /.../ O rap de caráter mais comercial passou então a ser amplamente difundido pelo país, ao mesmo tempo em que, em sua forma marginal, a linguagem continuava a se desenvolver nos espaços populares.
65 Há que se destacar o caráter inovador do rap nacional, que reelabora, de forma criadora, a partir de tradições populares brasileiras, a linguagem dos guetos norte-americanos, mesclando o ritmo do Bronx a gêneros como o samba e a embolada.
70 /.../
Não se trata, no entanto, de idealizar o hip-hop como forma de conhecimento. O movimento, seguramente, não é homogêneo: possui tendências mais ou menos politizadas, mais ou menos engajadas e 75 críticas. Há, por assim dizer, uma vertente cuja tônica é a denúncia, a agitação e o protesto. Outra, espontânea, sem uma linha política coerente e definida. E outra ainda, talvez hegemônica, já assimilada pelo mercado, que reproduz o modelo de comportamento, aspirações e 80 ideais dominantes (consumismo, individualismo e exaltação da vida privada), como a maioria das canções ditas "de massa".

(COUTINHO, Eduardo Granja, ARAÚJO, Marianna. Rap: uma linguagem dos
guetos. In: PAIVA, Raquel, TUZZO, Simone Antoniaci (Orgs.). Comunidade, mídia e
cidade: possibilidades comunitárias na cidade hoje. Goiânia: FIC/UFG, 2014.)
De acordo com as informações do texto e o modo como ele está organizado, é correto afirmar que os autores

ID: 684925•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXT
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century. Slavery continues today and harms people in every country in the world.
Women forced into prostitution. People forced to work in agriculture, domestic work and factories. Children in sweatshops1 producing goods sold globally. Entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts. Girls forced to marry older men.
There are estimated 40.3 million people in modern slavery around the world, including:
• 10 million children
• 24.9 million people in forced labour
• 15.4 million people in forced marriage
• 4.8 million people in forced sexual exploitation
Someone is in slavery if they are:
• forced to work – through coercion, or mental or physical threat;
• owned or controlled by an ’employer’, through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as ‘property’;
• physically constrained or have restrictions placed on their freedom of movement.
Slavery has been a disgraceful aspect of human society for most of human history. However, Anti-Slavery International has refused to accept that this bloody status quo should be allowed to persist (Aidan McQuade, former director).
Forms of modern slavery
Purposes of exploitation2 can range from forced prostitution and forced labour to forced marriage and forced organ removal. Here are the most common forms of modern slavery.
• Forced labour – any work or services which people are forced to do against their will3 under the threat of some form of punishment.
• Debt bondage or bonded labour – the world’s most widespread form of slavery, when people borrow money they cannot repay and are required to work to pay off the debt, then losing control over the conditions of both their employment and the debt.
• Human trafficking– involves transporting, recruiting or harbouring people for the purpose of exploitation, using violence, threats or coercion.
• Descent-based slavery – where people are born into slavery because their ancestors were captured and enslaved; they remain in slavery by descent.
• Child slavery – many people often confuse child slavery with child labour, but it is much worse. Whilst4 child labour is harmful for children and hinders5 their education and development, child slavery occurs when a child is exploited for someone else’s gain. It can include child trafficking, child soldiers, child marriage and child domestic slavery.
• Forced and early marriage – when someone is married against their will and cannot leave the marriage. Most child marriages can be considered slavery. 
Many forms of slavery have more than one element listed above. For example, human trafficking often involves advance payment for travel and a job abroad, using money often borrowed from the traffickers. Then, the debt contributes to control of the victims. Once they arrive, victims cannot leave until they pay off their debt.
Many people think that slavery happens only overseas, in developing countries. In fact, no country is free from modern slavery, even Britain. The Government estimates that there are tens of thousands people in modern slavery in the UK.
Modern slavery can affect people of any age, gender or race. However, contrary to a common misconception6 that everyone can be a victim of
slavery, some groups of people are much more vulnerable to slavery than others.
People who live in poverty7 and have limited opportunities for decent work are more vulnerable to accepting deceptive job offers that can turn exploitative. People who are discriminated against on the basis of race, caste, or gender are also more likely to be enslaved. Slavery is also more likely to occur where the rule of law is weaker and corruption is rife. Anti-Slavery International believes that we have to tackle8 the root causes of slavery in order to end slavery for good. That’s why wepublished our Anti- Slavery Charter, listing comprehensive measures that need to be taken to end slavery across the world.
(Adapted from https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/)

Glossary:
1. sweatshop – a factory where workers are paid very little and work many hours in very bad conditions
2. exploitation – abuse, manipulation
3. will – wish, desire
4. whilst – while
5. to hinder – obstruct, stop
6. misconception – wrong idea/ impression
7. poverty – the condition of being extremely poor
8. to tackle – attack
The author concludes that Anti-Slavery International believes

ID: 685138•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

TEXT
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century. Slavery continues today and harms people in every country in the world.
Women forced into prostitution. People forced to work in agriculture, domestic work and factories. Children in sweatshops1 producing goods sold globally. Entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts. Girls forced to marry older men.
There are estimated 40.3 million people in modern slavery around the world, including:
• 10 million children
• 24.9 million people in forced labour
• 15.4 million people in forced marriage
• 4.8 million people in forced sexual exploitation
Someone is in slavery if they are:
• forced to work – through coercion, or mental or physical threat;
• owned or controlled by an ’employer’, through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
• dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as ‘property’;
• physically constrained or have restrictions placed on their freedom of movement.
Slavery has been a disgraceful aspect of human society for most of human history. However, Anti-Slavery International has refused to accept that this bloody status quo should be allowed to persist (Aidan McQuade, former director).
Forms of modern slavery
Purposes of exploitation2 can range from forced prostitution and forced labour to forced marriage and forced organ removal. Here are the most common forms of modern slavery.
• Forced labour – any work or services which people are forced to do against their will3 under the threat of some form of punishment.
• Debt bondage or bonded labour – the world’s most widespread form of slavery, when people borrow money they cannot repay and are required to work to pay off the debt, then losing control over the conditions of both their employment and the debt.
• Human trafficking– involves transporting, recruiting or harbouring people for the purpose of exploitation, using violence, threats or coercion.
• Descent-based slavery – where people are born into slavery because their ancestors were captured and enslaved; they remain in slavery by descent.
• Child slavery – many people often confuse child slavery with child labour, but it is much worse. Whilst4 child labour is harmful for children and hinders5 their education and development, child slavery occurs when a child is exploited for someone else’s gain. It can include child trafficking, child soldiers, child marriage and child domestic slavery.
• Forced and early marriage – when someone is married against their will and cannot leave the marriage. Most child marriages can be considered slavery. 
Many forms of slavery have more than one element listed above. For example, human trafficking often involves advance payment for travel and a job abroad, using money often borrowed from the traffickers. Then, the debt contributes to control of the victims. Once they arrive, victims cannot leave until they pay off their debt.
Many people think that slavery happens only overseas, in developing countries. In fact, no country is free from modern slavery, even Britain. The Government estimates that there are tens of thousands people in modern slavery in the UK.
Modern slavery can affect people of any age, gender or race. However, contrary to a common misconception6 that everyone can be a victim of
slavery, some groups of people are much more vulnerable to slavery than others.
People who live in poverty7 and have limited opportunities for decent work are more vulnerable to accepting deceptive job offers that can turn exploitative. People who are discriminated against on the basis of race, caste, or gender are also more likely to be enslaved. Slavery is also more likely to occur where the rule of law is weaker and corruption is rife. Anti-Slavery International believes that we have to tackle8 the root causes of slavery in order to end slavery for good. That’s why wepublished our Anti- Slavery Charter, listing comprehensive measures that need to be taken to end slavery across the world.
(Adapted from https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/)

Glossary:
1. sweatshop – a factory where workers are paid very little and work many hours in very bad conditions
2. exploitation – abuse, manipulation
3. will – wish, desire
4. whilst – while
5. to hinder – obstruct, stop
6. misconception – wrong idea/ impression
7. poverty – the condition of being extremely poor
8. to tackle – attack
One of the statements below is according to the text. Mark it.

ID: 1059434•
Matemática•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2017

Até a primeira quinzena do mês de março de 2017, o combustível comercializado nos postos de nosso país era uma mistura de 1 parte de etanol para 3 partes de gasolina. Considere esse combustível e um outro que apresenta a mistura de 4 partes de etanol para 9 partes de gasolina.

Juntando-se volumes iguais dos dois combustíveis, a nova relação de etanol para gasolina, nesta ordem, será

ID: 1059018•
Matemática•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2022

Em uma oficina mecânica, o cálculo da manutenção M dos veículos, em reais, é composto da soma de dois custos:

CUSTO 1: Relativo a x peças que necessitem de substituição: por não haver estoque de peças na oficina, cobra-se uma taxa fixa de R$ 210,00 mais R$ 2,50 por cada peça enviada.
CUSTO 2: Relativo ao trabalho dedicado à substituição de x peças: cobra-se uma taxa fixa de R$ 180,00 mais R$4,00 por peças substituída.

Se os custos 1 e 2 forem iguais, então a manutenção M, em reais, será um valor maior que

ID: 1057154•
Português•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2020

TEXTO IV
Os estatutos do homem (Ato Institucional Permanente) A Carlos Heitor Cony

Artigo I
Fica decretado que agora vale a verdade.
Agora vale a vida,
E de mãos dadas,
Marcharemos todos pela vida verdadeira.

Artigo II
Fica decretado que todos os dias da semana,
Inclusive as terças-feiras mais cinzentas,
Têm direito a converter-se em manhãs de domingo.
/.../

Artigo VIII
Fica decretado que a maior dor
Sempre foi e será sempre
não poder dar-se amor a quem se ama
/.../

Parágrafo único:
Só uma coisa fica proibida:
Amar sem amor.

(MELLO, Thiago de. Os estatutos do homem. São Paulo: Vergara & Riba, 2001.)
A seguir são apresentadas referências a figuras de linguagem que podem ser encontradas em determinadas partes do texto IV. Assinale a alternativa em que a figura proposta NÃO se faz presente no trecho citado.

ID: 1058843•
Matemática•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2020

Considere as seguintes afirmações:
• x é o menor número natural de modo que o produto de 2520 por x seja um quadrado perfeito. • y é o número mínimo de dias para que ocorram novamente os eventos A, B e C, que acontecem hoje, sendo que A repete-se de 63 em 63 dias, B de 60 em 60 dias e C de 90 em 90 dias.
A razão y/x é equivalente a

ID: 1059433•
Matemática•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2017

Uma prestadora de serviços combina um prazo de 9 dias, utilizando 12 máquinas, para executar certo trabalho.

Ao final do quarto dia, 4 máquinas estragam, não sendo substituídas e não havendo interrupção do trabalho. As máquinas levam 3 dias para serem consertadas, retornando ao trabalho no dia seguinte.

Para que seja cumprido o prazo combinado no início, a prestadora coloca, além das 12 máquinas, mais x máquinas iguais às primeiras.

É correto afirmar que x é igual a

ID: 1058842•
Matemática•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2020

Considere todos os trapézios que podem ser formados com as medidas de base maior, base menor e altura iguais a c4 , 4 e (− 2c + 40) , respectivamente, em uma mesma unidade de medida, sendo c um número real, de modo que o trapézio exista. As áreas dos trapézios estão em função de c. De todos os trapézios que podem ser formados, apenas um tem a maior área A. O valor de A, em unidade de área, é igual a

ID: 1059019•
Matemática•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2022

Um triângulo possui dois lados de medidas ℓ e (22 − ℓ), ambos em cm, e medida do ângulo interno formado por esses dois lados igual a 30°
Considere S(ℓ) a expressão da área de todos os possíveis triângulos com as medidas citadas. Entre esses triângulos, há um cuja área é a maior possível.
O valor dessa área, em cm2, é igual a

ID: 1057155•
Português•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2020

TEXTO IV
Os estatutos do homem (Ato Institucional Permanente) A Carlos Heitor Cony

Artigo I
Fica decretado que agora vale a verdade.
Agora vale a vida,
E de mãos dadas,
Marcharemos todos pela vida verdadeira.

Artigo II
Fica decretado que todos os dias da semana,
Inclusive as terças-feiras mais cinzentas,
Têm direito a converter-se em manhãs de domingo.
/.../

Artigo VIII
Fica decretado que a maior dor
Sempre foi e será sempre
não poder dar-se amor a quem se ama
/.../

Parágrafo único:
Só uma coisa fica proibida:
Amar sem amor.

(MELLO, Thiago de. Os estatutos do homem. São Paulo: Vergara & Riba, 2001.)
Assinale a alternativa INCORRETA referente ao texto IV.

ID: 1058601•
Matemática•
Aeronáutica•
EPCAR•
Cadete da Aeronáutica•
2019

Dona Lourdes trabalha em uma livraria, precisa guardar 200 livros em x caixas e vai utilizar todas elas.

Se em 30 das x caixas ela guardar 4 livros em cada caixa e, nas demais, guardar 5 livros em cada caixa, então, sobrarão alguns livros para serem guardados.

Entretanto, se em 20 das x caixas ela guardar 4 livros em cada caixa e 5 livros em cada uma das demais, então, não haverá livros suficientes para ocupar todas as caixas.

Assim, a soma dos algarismos do número x é igual a

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