Questões de Concursos: Cadetes do Exército

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31 Q861877 | Inglês, Interpretação de Textos em Inglês, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, AMAN, 2021

Texto associado.

Chinese Woman Opens Plane’s Emergency Exit for Some Fresh Air

A flight was delayed for an hour and a woman detained by police after she opened the emergency exit for “a breath of fresh air” before the flight took off in central China’s Hubei province, mainland media reported. The incident happened on Xiamen Air Flight MF8215 from Wuhan to Lanzhou, which was scheduled to take off at 3.45 p.m. on September 23.

Cabin crew had briefed the woman, who was in her 50s, about the rules when sitting next to the emergency exit and reminded her not to touch the button that opened the emergency exit. However, the woman said she needed some fresh air and touched the button to open the exit when the stewardess turned around to help others, the report said. The woman was taken away and the flight was delayed for an hour. Opening the emergency exit can be considered to be disturbing public order in an aircraft, which is punishable by police detention and a fine.

In July last year, a woman who was flying for the first time mistook the emergency door for a lavatory door before her plane took off in Nanjing. The emergency slide was released and the flight was delayed for two hours. The woman was detained for 10 days. Some passengers have paid a heavy price for releasing the emergency slide, which may take days and considerable expense to repair and reinstall. In January 2015, a man who opened an emergency door after a plane landed in Chongqing had to pay 35,000 yuan (150,000 baht) in compensation to the airline.

In June, a man from Hubei who was returning to China from Bangkok on a Thai Lion Air Flight opened an emergency exit before take-off. After apologising repeatedly, according to witnesses, he was held by Thai authorities for one day and given a fine of 500 baht before being deported.

Adapted from https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/1762629/chinese-woman-opens-planes-emergency-exit-for-somefresh-air

Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes next to in the sentence “...about the rules when sitting next to the emergency exit…” (paragraph 2).

32 Q861878 | Inglês, Interpretação de Textos em Inglês, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, AMAN, 2021

Texto associado.

Chinese Woman Opens Plane’s Emergency Exit for Some Fresh Air

A flight was delayed for an hour and a woman detained by police after she opened the emergency exit for “a breath of fresh air” before the flight took off in central China’s Hubei province, mainland media reported. The incident happened on Xiamen Air Flight MF8215 from Wuhan to Lanzhou, which was scheduled to take off at 3.45 p.m. on September 23.

Cabin crew had briefed the woman, who was in her 50s, about the rules when sitting next to the emergency exit and reminded her not to touch the button that opened the emergency exit. However, the woman said she needed some fresh air and touched the button to open the exit when the stewardess turned around to help others, the report said. The woman was taken away and the flight was delayed for an hour. Opening the emergency exit can be considered to be disturbing public order in an aircraft, which is punishable by police detention and a fine.

In July last year, a woman who was flying for the first time mistook the emergency door for a lavatory door before her plane took off in Nanjing. The emergency slide was released and the flight was delayed for two hours. The woman was detained for 10 days. Some passengers have paid a heavy price for releasing the emergency slide, which may take days and considerable expense to repair and reinstall. In January 2015, a man who opened an emergency door after a plane landed in Chongqing had to pay 35,000 yuan (150,000 baht) in compensation to the airline.

In June, a man from Hubei who was returning to China from Bangkok on a Thai Lion Air Flight opened an emergency exit before take-off. After apologising repeatedly, according to witnesses, he was held by Thai authorities for one day and given a fine of 500 baht before being deported.

Adapted from https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/1762629/chinese-woman-opens-planes-emergency-exit-for-somefresh-air

Choose the alternative that has the sentence “...he was held by Thai authorities for one day and given a fine of 500 baht…” (paragraph 4) correctly changed into active voice.

33 Q861857 | Matemática, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, Exército Brasileiro, 2021

Dado um cubo, o número de pares distintos de retas reversas que podemos traçar, de tal forma que cada reta contenha uma aresta desse cubo, é igual a

34 Q724407 | Conhecimentos Gerais e Atualidades, Meio Ambiente, Cadetes do Exército, Ministério da Defesa Exército Brasileiro

Sobre as reservas e a utilização dos recursos hídricos no Brasil e no Mundo, podemos afirmar que:

I- a água doce dos rios e dos lagos de todo o planeta é responsável pela maior parte da água doce da Terra.

II- no mundo inteiro, mais de 1,5 bilhão de pessoas dependem principalmente da água de reservas subterrâneas para suprir suas necessidades básicas.

III- apesar de grande parte do Estado de São Paulo situar-se sobre o Aquífero Guarani, o sistema de abastecimento do Estado não utiliza fontes subterrâneas.

IV- as calotas polares e as geleiras são as mais importantes, em termos quantitativos, reservas de água doce de nosso planeta.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta todas as afirmativas corretas:

35 Q861871 | Inglês, Interpretação de Textos em Inglês, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, AMAN, 2021

Texto associado.

Texas High School Opens Grocery Store That Accepts Good Deeds as Payment

How many high schools can say they have a grocery store inside their walls? The student-run grocery store at Linda Tutt High School in rural Sanger, Texas, provides food and other necessities to students and their families while teaching essential job skills. And the store doesn’t accept cash, just good deeds. Instead of money, students shop using a point system.

The store, which aims to address food insecurities for students and others in the community, is open Monday through Wednesday for students and staff within the school district. “A lot of our students come from low socioeconomic families,” principal Anthony Love told KTVT. “It’s a way for students to earn the ability to shop for their families. Through hard work you can earn points. You can earn points for doing chores around the building or helping to clean.”

The pioneering project is run in partnership with First Refuge Ministries, Texas Health Resources, and Albertsons (a grocery store chain). But nearly all the responsibility falls on the students. They stock the shelves, keep track of inventory, address sales, and monitor registers when items are purchased. “I think the most exciting part of it is just teaching our kids job skills that they can carry with them as they graduate high school and move on into the world,” Love said to WAGA-TV. “Students are really the key piece to it.”

Adapted from https://www.southernliving.com/culture/school/linda-tutt-high-school-grocery-store

According to the text, “...stock the shelves...” (paragraph 3) is an example of

36 Q861830 | Português, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, AMAN, 2022

Texto associado.

Assiste à demolição


– Morou mais de vinte anos nesta casa? Então vai sentir “uma coisa” quando ela for demolida. Começou a demolição. Passando pela rua, ele viu a casa já sem telhado, e operários, na poeira, removendo caibros. Aquele telhado que lhe dera tanto trabalho por causa das goteiras, tapadas aqui, reaparecendo ali. Seu quarto de dormir estava exposto ao céu, no calor da manhã. Ao fundo, no terraço, tinham desaparecido as colunas da pérgula, e a cobertura de ramos de buganvília – dois troncos subindo do pátio lá embaixo e enchendo de florinhas vermelhas o chão de ladrilho, onde gatos da vizinhança amavam fazer sesta e surpreender tico-ticos.

Passou nos dias seguintes e viu o progressivo desfazer-se das paredes, que escancarava a casa de frente e de flancos jogando-a por assim dizer na rua. Os marcos das portas apareciam emoldurando o vazio. O azul e as nuvens circulavam pelos cômodos, em composição surrealista. E o pequeno balcão da fachada, cercado de ar, parecia um mirante espacial, baixado ao nível dos míopes.

A demolição prosseguiu à noite, espontaneamente. Um lanço de parede desabou sozinho, para fora do tapume, quando já cessara na rua o movimento dos lotações. Caiu discreto, sem ferir ninguém, apenas avariando – desculpem – a rede telefônica.

A casa encolhera-se, em processo involutivo. Já agora de um só pavimento, sem teto, aspirava mesmo à desintegração. Chegou a vez da pequena sala de estar, da sala de jantar com seu lambri envernizado a preto, que ele passara meses raspando a poder de gilete, para recuperar a cor da madeira.

E a vez do escritório, parte pensante e sentinte de seu mecanismo individual, do eu mais íntimo e simultaneamente mais público, eu de gavetas sigilosas, manuseadas por um profissional da escrita. De todo o tempo que vivera na casa, fora ali que passara o maior número de horas, sentado, meio corcunda, desligado de acontecimentos, ouvindo, sem escutar, rumores que chegavam de outro mundo – cantoria de bêbados, motor de avião, chorinho de bebê, galo na madrugada.

E não sentiu dor vendo esfarinharem-se esses compartimentos de sua história pessoal. Nem sequer a melancolia do desvanecimento das coisas físicas. Elas tinham durado, cumprido a tarefa. Chega o instante em que compreendemos a demolição como um resgate de formas cansadas, sentença de liberdade. Talvez sejamos levados a essa compreensão pelo trabalho similar, mais surdo, que se vai desenvolvendo em nós. E não é preciso imaginar a alegria de formas novas, mais claras, a surgirem constantemente de formas caducas, para aceitar de coração sereno o fim das coisas que se ligaram à nossa vida.

Fitou tranquilo o que tinha sido sua casa e era um amontoado de caliça e tijolo, a ser removido. Em breve restaria o lote, à espera de outra casa maior, sem sinal dele e dos seus, mas destinada a concentrar outras vivências. Uma ordem, um estatuto pairava sobre os destroços, e tudo era como devia ser, sem ilusão de permanência.

Fonte: ANDRADE, Carlos Drummond de. Cadeira de balanço. 12. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Livraria José Olympio Editora, 1979.

Vocabulário
caibro s.m. elemento estrutural de um telhado, geralmente peças de madeira que se dispõem da cumeeira ao frechal, a intervalos regulares e paralelas umas às outras, em que se cruzam e assentam as ripas, frequentemente mais finas e compridas, e sobre as quais se apoiam e se encaixam as telhas

pérgula s. f. espécie de galeria coberta de barrotes espacejados assentados em pilares, geralmente guarnecida de trepadeiras

buganvília s.f. designação comum às plantas do gênero bougainvillea, trepadeira, muito cultivadas como ornamentais

de flanco s. m. pela lateral

marco s. m. parte fixa que guarnece o vão de portas e janelas, e onde as folhas destas se encaixam,

lambri s. m. revestimento interno de parede, usado com fim decorativo ou para proteger contra frio, umidade ou barulho; feito de madeira, mármore, estuque, numa só peça ou composto por painéis, que vão
até certa altura ou do chão ao teto (mais usado no plural)

caliça s.f. conjunto de resíduos de uma obra de alvenaria demolida ou em desmoronamento, formado por pó ou fragmentos dos materiais diversos do reboco (cal, argamassa ressequida) e de pedras, tijolos desfeitos
prendendo-se por meio de dobradiças

tapume s. m. cerca ou vala guarnecida de sebe que defende uma área; anteparo, geralmente de madeira, com que se veda a entrada numa área, numa construção

lote s. m. porção de terra autônoma que resulta de loteamento ou desmembramento; terreno de pequenas dimensões, urbano ou rural, que se destina a construções ou à pequena agricultura

Fonte: HOUAISS, A. e Villar, M. de S. Dicionário Houaiss da Língua Portuguesa. Elaborado no Instituto Antônio Houaiss de Lexicografia e Banco de Dados da Língua Portuguesa. Rio de Janeiro. Objetiva, 2009.

Nos trechos a seguir “- Morou mais de vinte anos nesta casa? Então vai sentir ‘uma coisa’ quando ela for demolida.”, “Aquele telhado que lhe dera tanto trabalho por causa das goteiras…”, “Ao fundo, no terraço, tinham desaparecido as colunas da pérgula, e a cobertura de ramos de buganvília – dois troncos subindo do pátio lá embaixo e enchendo de florinhas vermelhas o chão de ladrilho, onde os gatos da vizinhança amavam fazer sesta e surpreender tico-ticos.”, a ideia predominante remete a

37 Q861875 | Inglês, Interpretação de Textos em Inglês, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, AMAN, 2021

Texto associado.

Lockdown Named 2020’s Word of the Year by Collins Dictionary

Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces”. The 4.5-billion-word Collins Corpus, which contains written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in ______(1) usage. In 2019, there were 4,000 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had risen to more than a quarter of a million.

“Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic,” says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. “We have chosen lockdown as _______(2) word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict _______(3) daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop, and socialise. It is not a word of the year to celebrate, but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world.”

Other pandemic-related words such as coronavirus, social distancing and key worker were on the dictionary’s list of the top 10 words. However, the coronavirus crisis didn’t completely dominate this year’s vocabulary: words like “Megxit,” a term to describe Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also made the shortlist along with “TikToker” (a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok), and “BLM.” The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter is defined by Collins as “a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression”, it registered a 581% increase in usage.

Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/10/lockdown-named-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary

According to the text, choose the correct statement.

38 Q861873 | Inglês, Interpretação de Textos em Inglês, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, AMAN, 2021

Texto associado.

Lockdown Named 2020’s Word of the Year by Collins Dictionary

Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces”. The 4.5-billion-word Collins Corpus, which contains written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in ______(1) usage. In 2019, there were 4,000 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had risen to more than a quarter of a million.

“Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic,” says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. “We have chosen lockdown as _______(2) word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict _______(3) daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop, and socialise. It is not a word of the year to celebrate, but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world.”

Other pandemic-related words such as coronavirus, social distancing and key worker were on the dictionary’s list of the top 10 words. However, the coronavirus crisis didn’t completely dominate this year’s vocabulary: words like “Megxit,” a term to describe Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also made the shortlist along with “TikToker” (a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok), and “BLM.” The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter is defined by Collins as “a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression”, it registered a 581% increase in usage.

Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/10/lockdown-named-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary

Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces” (paragraph 1). Choose another possible definition for lockdown.

39 Q861851 | Matemática, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, Exército Brasileiro, 2021

O Cap R. Gomes é um autêntico “canga”, isto é, um militar que não apenas coopera com os membros de sua equipe, mas estimula superiores, pares e subordinados ao bom cumprimento das missões. Em particular, ele incentiva um grupo de militares a melhorar o desempenho na corrida. Para tal, criou um programa de treinamento em que é preciso correr exatamente 576 Km no total, começando com 26 Km na primeira semana e, a partir da segunda, acrescentando exatos 4 Km a cada semana, ou seja, cada integrante do grupo deve correr exatamente 26 Km na 1a semana, 30 Km na 2a semana, 34 Km na 3a semana e assim sucessivamente. Após quantas semanas a meta de 576 Km será atingida?

40 Q861872 | Inglês, Interpretação de Textos em Inglês, Cadetes do Exército, AMAN, AMAN, 2021

Texto associado.

Texas High School Opens Grocery Store That Accepts Good Deeds as Payment

How many high schools can say they have a grocery store inside their walls? The student-run grocery store at Linda Tutt High School in rural Sanger, Texas, provides food and other necessities to students and their families while teaching essential job skills. And the store doesn’t accept cash, just good deeds. Instead of money, students shop using a point system.

The store, which aims to address food insecurities for students and others in the community, is open Monday through Wednesday for students and staff within the school district. “A lot of our students come from low socioeconomic families,” principal Anthony Love told KTVT. “It’s a way for students to earn the ability to shop for their families. Through hard work you can earn points. You can earn points for doing chores around the building or helping to clean.”

The pioneering project is run in partnership with First Refuge Ministries, Texas Health Resources, and Albertsons (a grocery store chain). But nearly all the responsibility falls on the students. They stock the shelves, keep track of inventory, address sales, and monitor registers when items are purchased. “I think the most exciting part of it is just teaching our kids job skills that they can carry with them as they graduate high school and move on into the world,” Love said to WAGA-TV. “Students are really the key piece to it.”

Adapted from https://www.southernliving.com/culture/school/linda-tutt-high-school-grocery-store

The sentence “Students are really the key piece to it.” (paragraph 3) can be correctly paraphrased in the following terms:

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