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21 Q931609 | Português, Interpretação de Textos, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.
Leia o trecho da crônica O vestuário feminino , de Júlia Lopes de Almeida (1862-1934).
É uma esquisitice muito comum entre senhoras intelectuais, envergarem paletó, colete e colarinho
de homem, ao apresentarem-se em público, procurando confundir-se, no aspecto físico, com os
homens, como se lhes não bastassem as aproximações igualitárias do espírito.
Esse desdém da mulher pela mulher faz pensar que: ou as doutoras julgam, como os homens, que
a mentalidade da mulher é inferior, e que, sendo elas exceção da grande regra, pertencem mais ao
sexo forte, do que do nosso, fragílimo; ou que isso revela apenas pretensão de despretensão.
Seja o que for, nem a moral nem a estética ganham nada com isso. Ao contrário; se uma mulher
triunfa da má vontade dos homens e das leis, dos preconceitos do meio e da raça, todas as vezes que
for chamada ao seu posto de trabalho, com tanta dor, tanta esperança, e tanto susto adquirido, deve
ufanar-se em apresentar-se como mulher. Seria isso um desafio?
Não; naturalíssimo pareceria a toda a gente que uma mulher se apresentasse em público como
todas as outras. [...]
Os colarinhos engomados, as camisas de peito chato, dão às mulheres uma linha pouco sinuosa,
e contrafeita, porque é disfarçada. [...]
Nas cidades, sobre o asfalto das ruas ou o saibro das alamedas, não sabe a gente verdadeiramente
para que razão apelar, quando vê, cingidas a corpos femininos, essas toilettes híbridas, compostas de
saias de mulher, coletes e paletós de homem... Nem tampouco é fácil de perceber o motivo por que,
em vez da fita macia, preferem essas senhoras especar o pescoço num colarinho lustrado a ferro, e
duro como um papelão!
Considere as seguintes afirmações sobre o trecho.
I - A crônica, publicada em 1906, registra as exigências que uma sociedade patriarcal impõe a
mulheres que circulam no âmbito público.
II - A crônica apresenta um chamado para que mulheres de atuação pública – espaço majoritariamente
masculino – mantenham características convencionadas como femininas, em especial no vestuário.
III- A autora, ao falar do vestuário feminino, está tratando também de meio, raça e gênero, temas
estruturantes do debate literário no final do século XIX, início do XX.
Quais estão corretas?

22 Q596800 | Português, Interpretação de Textos, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Assinale a alternativa correta sobre o disco Elis & Tom. 

23 Q596755 | Português, Interpretação de Textos, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.
Instrução: A questão refere-se ao romance a máquina de fazer espanhóis, de Valter Hugo Mãe. 
Assinale a alternativa correta sobre o romance.

24 Q597144 | Português, Interpretação de Textos, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.
Considere as afirmações abaixo, sobre a canção Águas de março – composição de Antonio Carlos Jobim, interpretação dele e de Elis Regina – que integra o álbum Elis & Tom.
I - A letra, a melodia e a intepretação de Elis Regina e Tom Jobim estão marcadas unilateralmente pela melancolia e pelo pessimismo sintomáticos do momento histórico autoritário em que a canção foi composta. 
 II - A canção assume um viés claramente narrativo em que o sujeito cancional apresenta sua rotina de trabalho em ambiente rural. 
 III- A letra da canção está estruturada na repetição de sentenças afirmativas; fragmentada, a letra mobiliza substantivos do mundo natural que rimam entre si e formam pares antitéticos.
Quais estão corretas?

25 Q932090 | Inglês, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.
The complex linguistic universe of
Game of Thrones
Game of Thrones has garnered 38 Emmy
awards for its portrayal of a world of sex,
violence and politics so real that some viewers
could imagine moving there. Part of that detail
has been the creation of the richest linguistic
universe since J.R.R. Tolkien’s Middle Earth.
In the field of language-creation for fictional
worlds, there is Tolkien, and there is everybody
else. But David Peterson, the language-smith
of Game of Thrones , comes a close second for
the amount of thought put into its two
languages, Dothraki and Valyrian. The interest
in these tongues is such that a textbook for
learning Dothraki has been published, while
Duolingo, a popular online language-learning
platform, now offers a course in High Valyrian.
Inspired by fictional languages such as those
in the Star Wars films and with a master’s
degree in linguistics, Peterson made Dothraki
and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible.
Creating words is the easy part; anyone can
string together nonsense syllables. But
Peterson, like Tolkien, took the trouble to give
his words etymologies and cousins, so that
the word for “feud” is related to the words
“blood” and “fight”. To make the languages
pronounceable but clearly foreign, he put
non-English sounds in high-frequency words
(like khaleesi , or queen), put the stress in
typically non-English places, and had words
begin with combinations of sounds that are
impossible in English, like hr .
Armed with a knowledge of common linguistic
sound changes, he gives his languages the
kinds of irregularities and disorder that arise in
the real world: High Valyrian’s obar
(“curve”) becomes Astapori Valyrian’s uvor .
Words’ meanings—as in real life—drift, too,
giving the system more realistic messiness.
Languages also play a prominent role in the
storyline. Dothraki is the guttural language of
a horse-borne warrior nation, but high-born
Daenerys Targaryen does not look down on it;
methodically learning it is key to her rise.
Tyrion Lannister is left to administer the city
of Mereen despite his ropy command of
Valyrian, leading to some comic moments.
And a prophecy of a future hero acquires new
meaning when an interpreter explains that the
word in question is ambiguous in Valyrian—it
could be “prince” or “princess”.
It might seem odd that a highly sexist society
like the one of Game of Thrones would have
languages where sex roles were not clearly
marked, but languages are not always perfect
vehicles for a culture. Random change can
leave them with too many words for one
concept, and not enough for another. In this
way, the flawed nature of language reflects
the foibles of flawed humans and the
imperfect worlds they strive to create.
Adaptado de:
21725752-dothraki-and-valyrian-are-mostconvincing-
fictional-tongues-elvish>.
Acesso em: 21 nov. 2017.
Considere as possibilidades de reescrita do segmento Inspired by fictional languages such as those in the Star Wars films, Peterson made Dothraki and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible. 
I - Peterson, inspired by fictional languages such as those in the Star Wars films, made Dothraki and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible. 
II - Being as rich and realistic as possible, Peterson made Dothraki and Valyrian inspired by fictional languages such as those in the Star Wars films. 
III- Fictional languages in the Star Wars films inspired Peterson to make Dothraki and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible. 
Quais poderiam substituir o segmento destacado, sem prejuízo do sentido original e da correção gramatical?

26 Q933020 | Inglês, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.

The complex linguistic universe of



Game of Thrones

1.Game of Thrones has garnered 38 Emmy

2.awards for its portrayal of a world of sex,

3.violence and politics so real that some viewers

4.could imagine moving there. Part of that detail

5.has been the creation of the richest linguistic

6.universe since J.R.R. Tolkien’s Middle Earth.

7.In the field of language-creation for fictional

8.worlds, there is Tolkien, and there is everybody

9.else. But David Peterson, the language-smith

10.of Game of Thrones , comes a close second for

11.the amount of thought put into its two

12.languages, Dothraki and Valyrian. The interest

13.in these tongues is such that a textbook for

14.learning Dothraki has been published, while

15.Duolingo, a popular online language-learning

16.platform, now offers a course in High Valyrian.

17.Inspired by fictional languages such as those

18.in the Star Wars films and with a master’s

19.degree in linguistics, Peterson made Dothraki

20.and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible.

21.Creating words is the easy part; anyone can

22.string together nonsense syllables. But

23.Peterson, like Tolkien, took the trouble to give

24his words etymologies and cousins, so that

25.the word for “feud” is related to the words

26.“blood” and “fight”. To make the languages

27.pronounceable but clearly foreign, he put

28.non-English sounds in high-frequency words

29.(like khaleesi , or queen), put the stress in

30.typically non-English places, and had words

31.begin with combinations of sounds that are

32.impossible in English, like hr .

33.Armed with a knowledge of common linguistic

34.sound changes, he gives his languages the

35kinds of irregularities and disorder that arise in

36.the real world: High Valyrian’s obar

37(“curve”) becomes Astapori Valyrian’s uvor .

38.Words’ meanings—as in real life—drift, too,

39.giving the system more realistic messiness.

40.Languages also play a prominent role in the

41.storyline. Dothraki is the guttural language of

42.a horse-borne warrior nation, but high-born

43.Daenerys Targaryen does not look down on it;

44.methodically learning it is key to her rise.

45.Tyrion Lannister is left to administer the city

46.of Mereen despite his ropy command of

47.Valyrian, leading to some comic moments.

48.And a prophecy of a future hero acquires new

49.meaning when an interpreter explains that the

50.word in question is ambiguous in Valyrian—it

51.could be “prince” or “princess”.

52.It might seem odd that a highly sexist society

53.like the one of Game of Thrones would have

54.languages where sex roles were not clearly

55.marked, but languages are not always perfect

56.vehicles for a culture. Random change can

57.leave them with too many words for one

58.concept, and not enough for another. In this

59.way, the flawed nature of language reflects

60.the foibles of flawed humans and the

61.imperfect worlds they strive to create.

Adaptado de:

<="" span="" style="box-sizing: border-box;">

21725752-dothraki-and-valyrian-are-mostconvincing-

fictional-tongues-elvish>.

Acesso em: 21 nov. 2017.


 

Associe as palavras da coluna da esquerda aos seus respectivos sinônimos, na coluna da direita, de acordo com o sentido que têm no texto.


 ( ) garnered (l. 01)

 ( ) look down on (l. 43)

( ) ropy (l. 46)

 ( ) strive (l. 61)


 1. despise 

 2. earned 

 3. old-fashioned

 4. observe

 5. poor

 6. endeavor

 7. celebrated 

 8. aim

A sequência correta de preenchimento dos parênteses, de cima para baixo, é

27 Q931858 | Física, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.
Considere as afirmações abaixo, sobre o sistema Terra-Lua. 
I - Para acontecer um eclipse lunar, a Lua deve estar na fase Cheia. 
II - Quando acontece um eclipse solar, a Terra está entre o Sol e a Lua. 
III- Da Terra, vê-se sempre a mesma face da Lua, porque a Lua gira em torno do próprio eixo no mesmo tempo em que gira em torno da Terra. 
Quais estão corretas?

28 Q932618 | Física, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.
Uma quantidade de calor Q = 56.100,0 J é fornecida a 100 g de gelo que se encontra inicialmente a -10 °C. Sendo o calor específico do gelo cg = 2,1 J/(g°C), o calor específico da água ca = 4,2 J/(g°C) e o calor latente de fusão CL = 330,0 J/g.
A temperatura final da água em °C é, aproximadamente.

29 Q931967 | Inglês, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.
........ September 11, 2001, at 8:46 A.M., a
hijacked airliner crashed into the north tower
of the World Trade Center in New York. At
9:03 A.M. a second plane crashed into the
south tower. The resulting infernos caused
the buildings to , the south tower
after burning for an hour and two minutes, the
north tower twenty-three minutes after
that. The attacks were masterminded by
Osama bin Laden in an attempt to intimidate
the United States and unite Muslims for a
restoration of the caliphate.
9/11, as the happenings of that day are now
called, has set off debates on a vast array of
topics. But I would like to explore a lesserknown
debate triggered by it. Exactly how
many events took place in New York on that
morning ........ September?
It could be argued that the answer is one.
The attacks on the two buildings were part of
a single plan conceived by one man in service
of a single agenda. They unfolded ........ a few
minutes and yards of each other, targeting
the parts of a complex with a single name,
design, and owner. And they launched a
single chain of military and political events in
their aftermath.
Or it could be argued that the answer is two.
The towers were distinct collections of glass
and steel separated by an expanse of space,
and they were hit at different times and went
out of existence at different times. The
amateur video that showed the second plane
closing in on the south tower as the north
tower billowed with smoke makes the twoness
unmistakable: while one event was frozen in
the past, the other loomed in the future.
The gravity of 9/11 would seem to make this
discussion frivolous to the point of impudence,
a matter of mere "semantics," as we say, with
its implication of splitting hairs. But the
relation of language to our inner and outer
worlds is a matter of intellectual fascination
and real-world importance.
______ "importance" is often hard to
quantify, ........ this case I can put an exact
value on it: 3,5 billion dollars. That was the
sum in a legal dispute for the insurance
payout to Larry Silverstein, the leaseholder of
the World Trade Center site. Silverstein’s
insurance policies stipulated a maximum
reimbursement for each destructive "event."
If 9/11 comprised a single event, he stood to
receive 3,5 billion dollars; if two, he stood to
receive 7 billion. In the trials, the attorneys
disputed the applicable meaning of the term
event. The lawyers for the leaseholder defined
it in physical terms (two s); those for
the insurance companies defined it in mental
terms (one plot). There is nothing "mere"
about semantics!
Adapted from: PINKER, Steven. The Stuff of
Thought . New York: Penguin, 2007. p. 1-2.
Consider the following statements about the text. 
I - To take 9/11 as a single event ensues not only a smaller reimbursement from the insurance company, but also the acknowledgement of Osama bin Laden as the mastermind of the terrorist attacks. 
II - Larry Silverstein’s attorneys’ attempt to pin 9/11 as two events so as to collect twice as much the insurance reimbursement verges on impudence, since it gives way to frivolous discussions concerning a catastrophe. 
III- The text states that there is nothing simple about semantics because the meaning of the words we use to encompass reality are neither fixed nor unchanging, which allows several valid interpretations. 
Which ones are correct according to the text?

30 Q932991 | Inglês, UFRGS Vestibular 1 dia UFRGS, UFRGS, UFRGS

Texto associado.
........ September 11, 2001, at 8:46 A.M., a
hijacked airliner crashed into the north tower
of the World Trade Center in New York. At
9:03 A.M. a second plane crashed into the
south tower. The resulting infernos caused
the buildings to , the south tower
after burning for an hour and two minutes, the
north tower twenty-three minutes after
that. The attacks were masterminded by
Osama bin Laden in an attempt to intimidate
the United States and unite Muslims for a
restoration of the caliphate.
9/11, as the happenings of that day are now
called, has set off debates on a vast array of
topics. But I would like to explore a lesserknown
debate triggered by it. Exactly how
many events took place in New York on that
morning ........ September?
It could be argued that the answer is one.
The attacks on the two buildings were part of
a single plan conceived by one man in service
of a single agenda. They unfolded ........ a few
minutes and yards of each other, targeting
the parts of a complex with a single name,
design, and owner. And they launched a
single chain of military and political events in
their aftermath.
Or it could be argued that the answer is two.
The towers were distinct collections of glass
and steel separated by an expanse of space,
and they were hit at different times and went
out of existence at different times. The
amateur video that showed the second plane
closing in on the south tower as the north
tower billowed with smoke makes the twoness
unmistakable: while one event was frozen in
the past, the other loomed in the future.
The gravity of 9/11 would seem to make this
discussion frivolous to the point of impudence,
a matter of mere "semantics," as we say, with
its implication of splitting hairs. But the
relation of language to our inner and outer
worlds is a matter of intellectual fascination
and real-world importance.
______ "importance" is often hard to
quantify, ........ this case I can put an exact
value on it: 3,5 billion dollars. That was the
sum in a legal dispute for the insurance
payout to Larry Silverstein, the leaseholder of
the World Trade Center site. Silverstein’s
insurance policies stipulated a maximum
reimbursement for each destructive "event."
If 9/11 comprised a single event, he stood to
receive 3,5 billion dollars; if two, he stood to
receive 7 billion. In the trials, the attorneys
disputed the applicable meaning of the term
event. The lawyers for the leaseholder defined
it in physical terms (two s); those for
the insurance companies defined it in mental
terms (one plot). There is nothing "mere"
about semantics!
Adapted from: PINKER, Steven. The Stuff of
Thought . New York: Penguin, 2007. p. 1-2.
Select the alternative that adequately fills in the gap in line 45.
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