Read the sentence below: "At the costume party, she surprised everyone ...

Read the sentence below: "At the costume party, she surprised everyone by creating a unique outfit using a fabric that glows in the dark." How many false cognates did we find?

Q1131041 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • IDCAP • Prefeitura de Vargem Alta ES • Professor de Ingles Ensino Fundamental • 2023

Read the sentence below:
"At the costume party, she surprised everyone by creating a unique outfit using a fabric that glows in the dark."

How many false cognates did we find?

a) 2.
b) 4.
c) 1.
d) 3.

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Matheus Fernandes EQUIPE
10/09/2026 • 06:02

Antes de resolver a questão, vamos entender o que são "false cognates" ou falsos cognatos. Falsos cognatos são palavras em línguas diferentes que parecem semelhantes, mas têm significados diferentes. Na frase apresentada: "At the costume party, she surprised everyone by creating a unique outfit using a fabric that glows in the dark.", devemos identificar palavras que parecem familiares para falantes de português, mas que possuem um significado diferente.

Analisando as palavras-chave:
- "costume": em inglês, significa roupa ou traje, mas em português 'costume' geralmente se refere a hábito ou tradição. Então é um falso cognato.
- "fabric": em inglês significa tecido, material, e em português 'fábrica' é o local onde se fabrica algo. Portanto, também é um falso cognato.
- "unique": significa único, semelhante ao português 'único', não é falso cognato.
- "party": significa festa, semelhante ao português 'partido' ou 'parte', mas não é um falso cognato porque a palavra em inglês é claramente diferente.
- "outfit": significando roupa ou conjunto de roupas, pode ser desconhecido para alguns, mas é palavra original do inglês.

Neste caso, encontramos dois falsos cognatos: "costume" e "fabric". Portanto, a resposta correta é a alternativa a) 2.

Questões sobre Vocabulário Vocabulary

1

Q1142802 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • Exército • EsPCEx • Cadete do Exército • 2023
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Why NASA spacesuits are white

What do Neil Armstrong, Ed White, and today's ISS (International Space Station) astronauts have in common? They all wore a white spacesuit. And they're not alone. Beyond NASA, space programs in countries like Russia and China also use white suits. Not the colors of the Russian flag or China's iconic yellow and red, just white. That basic color has saved countless astronaut lives. NASA didn't always have white spacesuits. Their very first manned spaceflight featured silver suits, but none of those astronauts actually explored the vacuum of space. And that's the key because out there, spacesuits have to be highly reflective. And the best color for that isn't silver, it's white.

Here on Earth, our atmosphere shields us from 77% of the sun's radiation. But astronauts in space don't have that natural shield, which makes them vulnerable to blistering temperatures, severe sunburn, and even cancer-causing cell damage. So to combat that, they wear white suits that reflect the sun's harmful radiation.

But those white EVA (extra-vehicular activity) suits aren't the only garment in an astronaut's closet. When heading into space or coming home, NASA astronauts wear a bright orange suit because that loud orange stands out against the blue ocean and sky and is perfect for attracting attention, so if there's a malfunction during landing and astronauts have to abandon ship, so to speak, they need to be easy to spot for rescue crews.

That being said, times are changing. Nowadays we have more sophisticated ways of locating astronauts in need of rescue, like GPS trackers and transponders, so space agencies are now free to get creative with their color choices. NASA and other programs are already starting to use other colors like deep blue and mustard yellow. And in the future, they could look a lot different because NASA is heading to Mars. It will be the longest crewed space mission to date, taking as long as three years from start to finish, and during that time, astronauts could suffer from boredom or depression. That's where colorful spacesuits could be useful.

Adapted from https://www.businessinsider.com/why-are-nasa-spacesuits-white-2019-4

Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes countless in the sentence "That basic color has saved countless astronaut lives." (paragraph 1)
- a) a few
- b) few
- c) too many
- d) some
- e) no
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2

Q1141054 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • Marinha • MARINHA • MARINHA • 2026
Na rotina de passadiço e manobra de uma embarcação, os comandos e ordens de leme em inglês devem ser seguidos de forma precisa. Se o oficial de quarto desejar que o timoneiro reduza a guinada do navio o mais rápido possível, a ordem padrão dada é:
- a) Midships!
- b) Ease to ten!
- c) Hard-a-starboard!
- d) Hard-a-port!
- e) Steady!
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3

Q1141001 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • IDECAN • CBM DF • Aspirante Complementar • 2025
Mark the alternative in which the highlighted word has the meaning of a collective noun.
- a) The individual expressed his concerns with remarkable clarity.
- b) The device malfunctioned due to a software incompatibility.
- c) The flock of birds flew over the lake.
- d) The concept was too abstract for the audience to grasp immediately
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4

Q1140533 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • Exército • EsPCEx • Cadete do Exército • 2025
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Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.

Stateless People

Stateless people are not recognized as citizens by any country. UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) advocates for their rights and works to prevent and end statelessness globally. Millions of people around the world are denied the right to a nationality, which leaves them stateless. As a result, they may be unable to access other basic rights and services. They are also often at a higher risk of exploitation and abuse. At the end of June 2024, UNHCR’s statistical reporting counted 4.4 million stateless people. Given that most countries do not report statelessness data, the actual figure is believed to be substantially higher. Stateless people can be found in almost every country and in all regions of the world, and most live in the same country in which they were born.

Stateless people face a lifetime of missed opportunities and disappointment. When they are born, their parents may not be able to register their birth, obtain a birth certificate or other legal identity documents. Without this, they often cannot be enrolled in school. If they do manage to enter school and receive education, they may be barred from sitting formal exams to progress or enter university, unless they can prove their legal identity. As an adult, they may not be allowed to work legally, which leaves them at an increased risk of exploitation and abuse as they take low-paying and informal jobs. They often cannot access public services like health care. They also frequently cannot open a bank account, vote, get a passport to travel, buy a home or even get married. Stateless people cannot confer a nationality on their children. If the child is unable to obtain a nationality through either of their parents or from the country of birth, they will also end up stateless, perpetuating statelessness across generations.

What is the difference between a stateless person and a refugee? A stateless person is not considered a national of any country. A refugee is someone who has fled their country to escape conflict or persecution and has crossed an international border. While most refugees have a nationality, a person can be both stateless and a refugee. However, the majority of stateless people live within the country in which they were born and have never crossed an international border.

Adapted from https://www.unhcr.org/about-unhcr/who-we-protect/stateless-people

Choose the alternative that has the same meaning as the word sitting in the sentence “…they may be barred from sitting formal exams to progress…” (paragraph 2).
- a) paying
- b) making
- c) taking
- d) standing
- e) failing
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5

Q1139775 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • Marinha • ESCOLA NAVAL • Aspirante • 2025
Which question should you make if you want to use a friend's dictionary?
- a) Can you borrow your dictionary?
- b) Can I lend your dictionary?
- c) Can I lend you your dictionary?
- d) Can | borrow your dictionary?
- e) Can you borrow me your dictionary?
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6

Q1139770 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • Marinha • ESCOLA NAVAL • Aspirante • 2025
Read the sentence below.

Queen Elizabeth Il died in 2002.

Which option replaces the underlined verb correctly, without changing the meaning of the sentence?
- a) ran away
- b) blew away
- c) gave away
- d) threw away
- e) passed away
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7

Q1139766 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • Marinha • ESCOLA NAVAL • Aspirante • 2025
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TEXT II

Read the text below and answer question.

Chinese divers surrounded by sharks

Jan 03, 2025

[1] Nine Chinese individuals, including seven tourists and two diving instructors, went missing while diving in Palau on December 26.

[2] Experienced diving instructor Liu Xin and another diving guide took seven Chinese tourists to dive on December 26 around 9:30 am. As the dive was coming to an end, Liu sent a signal to the surface. Typically, after seeing the signal, the captain would slowly maneuver the boat to follow the divers, allowing them to board once they floated off. __________ when they surfaced, they could not locate the boat.

[3] They couid only float in the sea for nearly three hours, believing that someone would come to rescue them, but the ocean current changed direction, and they were swept by currents into an area between two islands. At that point, a new threat emerged. The underwater terrain shifted, and the most physically fit diver among the nine felt as if he had stepped on something. Liu looked down and noticed that a bull shark was circling around his feet, along with six other sharks nearby.

[4] Liu swiftly assembled everyone to make themselves appear larger as most wild animals typically target creatures that are smaller and tend to avoid approaching larger groups. Fortunately, with Liu and the entire team huddled together, the sharks refrained from acting aggressively, and they avoided any danger.

[5] By evening, they had gone nearly 11 hours without food. To conserve their energy, they used their diving masks to collect rainwater and drank it to stay hydrated. After spending too much time in the water, they started to feel cold, so they used their buoyancy devices to hold each other to stay together and preserve warmth. And, to prevent falling asleep and risking hypothermia, they took turns calling out their numbers every 30 minutes to stay alert.

[6] After drifting in the water for about 27 hours, a rescue boat located the nine individuals.

[7] "Alli nine Chinese citizens who went missing while diving in Palau have been rescued and are reported to be in stable condition", the Chinese Embassy in the Federated States of Micronesia said on Friday.

[8] Liu said that the key reasons for their safe return included the selfless assistance from fellow travelers, the favorable ocean currents that kept them in proximity to their initial location, and, most importantly, the excellent physical condition and positive attitude of the group. "Throughout those 20-plus hours, we maintained a lighthearted atmosphere, chatting and laughing without any complaints," Liu said.

(Adapted from https://www.globaltimes.cn)

The word "selfless" (paragraph 8) means:
- a) generous.
- b) quick.
- c) recent.
- d) selfish.
- e) unexpected.
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8

Q1137856 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • Marinha • MARINHA • MARINHA • 2026
Durante uma manobra em área restrita, o oficial de quarto percebe que a embarcação já completou a alteração de rumo desejada. Em seguida, transmite ao timoneiro a ordem: “Steady as she goes.” Considerando o uso técnico dessa ordem em inglês marítimo, o timoneiro deve compreender que precisa:
- a) Maintain the compass heading indicated when the order is given.
- b) Keep the rudder fully over until a new engine order is sent.
- c) Reduce engine revolutions and wait for the vessel to lose speed.
- d) Put the rudder amidships without reporting the heading reached.
- e) Alter course to starboard and hold five degrees of rudder.
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9

Q1137854 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • Marinha • MARINHA • MARINHA • 2026
Durante uma operação simples de apoio a bordo, a tripulação precisa escolher um cabo leve, capaz de permanecer na superfície da água, adequado para uso em resgate ou em amarrações curtas. No vocabulário técnico marítimo em inglês, o material mais compatível com essa finalidade é:
- a) Polyester rope.
- b) Polypropylene rope.
- c) Polyamide rope.
- d) Polyethylene rope.
- e) Aramid fibre rope.
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10

Q1137382 • Inglês • Vocabulário Vocabulary • CESPE CEBRASPE • PM DF • Oficial Policial Militar • 2026
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Text CG1A7

The United Kingdom (UK) government is developing a “murder prediction” programme which it hopes can use personal data of those known to the authorities to identify the people most likely to become killers. Researchers are alleged to be using algorithms to analyse the information of thousands of people, including victims of crime, as they try to identify those at greatest risk of committing serious violent offences.

The Ministry of Justice (MoJ) says the scheme will “review offender characteristics that increase the risk of committing homicide” and “explore alternative and innovative data science techniques to risk assessment of homicide”. The project would “provide evidence towards improving risk assessment of serious crime and ultimately contribute to protecting the public via better analysis”, a spokesperson added.

The MoJ hopes the project will help boost public safety, but campaigners have called it “chilling and dystopian”.

Sofia Lyall, a researcher for Statewatch, the pressure group that discovered the existence of the project, said: “Time and again, research shows that algorithmic systems for ‘predicting’ crime are inherently flawed. This latest model […] will reinforce and magnify the structural discrimination underpinning the criminal legal system.”

“Like other systems of its kind, it will code in bias towards racialised and low-income communities. Building an automated tool to profile people as violent criminals is deeply wrong, and using such sensitive data on mental health, addiction and disability is highly intrusive and alarming,” added Lyall.

Internet:<https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news> (adapted).

Choose the option that presents the two verbs that best express the meaning of ‘profile’, in ‘Building an automated tool to profile people as violent criminals’ (last paragraph of text CG1A7).
- a) detect and judge
- b) monitor and arrest
- c) accuse and sentence
- d) identify and categorize
- e) consider and prosecute
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