In the extract "the ongoing substitution of handwriting by typewriting in alm...

In the extract "the ongoing substitution of handwriting by typewriting in almost every educational setting may seem somewhat

publicidade
Q1132497 • Inglês • Interpretação de Texto Reading Comprehension • Marinha • ESCOLA NAVAL • Sem cargo • 2026
📖 Texto associado ▼
To Type or to Write, That Is the Question
At the highest level of learning, should you type or
write by hand?


[1] Research by Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) compared students who typed lecture notes on laptops with those who wrote them by hand during the same time.

[2] In terms of immediate results, laptop users typed and recorded more words during the lectures, and their notes were aimost word-for-word transcripts of the lectures. The initial assumption was that this would ultimately be beneficial for these students compared with those who were handwriting their notes.

[3] After the lectures, the two groups of students in this study were tested on the information presented. The results showed that students who wrote by hand during lectures scored significantly higher on the tests than those who typed.

[4] The immediate question was: "Why was this the case?" Muelier and Oppenheimer (2014) found that students who handwrote their notes were consistently engaged in higherlevel thinking. This meant that throughout their lectures, these students were actively listening and intellectually analyzing what to record. This led to higher knowledge-based outcomes.

[5] Luo et al. (2018) found that handwritten notes contained more meaningful content (such as deeper thought and greater intellectual structure), resulting in higher scores on knowledge-based tests.

[6] Morehead et al. (2019) confirmed that the benefits of handwriting are most evident when students are assessed on higher-order conceptual understanding rather than on memorizing facts.

[7] These studies confirm that handwriting is an essential cognitive process and a highly beneficial intellectual activity that enhances learning at advanced levels of education and that begins from the first day of school and continues thereafter.


Handwriting Helps to Advance Knowledge and Enhance Ideas


[8] This evidence from university classrooms illustrates a broader principle: handwriting for note-taking is a deeper thinking skill. When students write by hand, they actively select and synthesize information.

[9] This process requires them to decide what is essential, how ideas connect, and how best to represent them in their own words. The research indicates that this type of engagement develops, advances, and enhances critical thinking (defined as the ability to analyze, evaluate, and make reasoned, detailed judgments), because handwriting forces students to process information conceptually rather than transcribe it verbatim.

[10] The research also indicates that this process helps to develop higher-order thinking, which involves analyzing, applying, synthesizing, and evaluating information. This then develops a deeper knowledge potential. Additionally,as confirmed by classroom studies and evidence from neuroscience, handwriting activates broader brain networks than typing.

[11] Building on this, some studies explain that the ongoing substitution of handwriting by typewriting in almost every educational setting may seem somewhat misguided, as it could negatively affect the learning process.

[12] However, Van der Weel and Van der Meer (2024) emphasise the importance of staying current in this everchanging digital world. With this in mind, they state that children must, first and foremost, learn handwriting. Only after they are absoiutely proficient, especially at complex narrative handwriting, should typing be considered.


(Adapted from: https://www.psychologytoday.com)
In the extract "the ongoing substitution of handwriting by typewriting in almost every educational setting may seem somewhat misquided" (paragraph 11), the word "misquided" means:
Analisando...
publicidade

🚀 Desbloqueie a explicação completa

Veja comentários detalhados e resoluções exclusivas para entender o gabarito desta questão.

Criar conta grátis
  • Marcos de Castro
    Marcos de Castro EQUIPE
    15/09/2026 • 15:02
    Nessa questão, o foco está no significado da palavra 'misguided', que aparece no trecho 'the ongoing substitution of handwriting by typewriting in almost every educational setting may seem somewhat misguided' (parágrafo 11). Para entender melhor, precisamos analisar o contexto em que a palavra é usada. O texto discute a substituição da escrita manual pela digitação em diversos ambientes educacionais e sugere que essa troca pode ser equivocada ou inadequada, pois a escrita manual possui benefícios cognitivos importantes que podem ser perdidos.

    A palavra 'misguided' é um adjetivo que significa algo que está baseado em má orientação, julgamento errado ou compreensão incorreta de uma situação. No português, a melhor tradução seria 'equivocado', 'mal orientado' ou 'baseado em entendimento errado'.

    Analisando as alternativas:
    - a) 'targeted to the wrong educational officials' (direcionado aos oficiais educacionais errados) não está relacionada ao sentido da palavra.
    - b) 'decided by inadequate schools' (decidido por escolas inadequadas) também não corresponde.
    - c) 'based on a wrong understanding of a situation' (baseado em uma compreensão errada de uma situação) está exatamente alinhado com o sentido de 'misguided'.
    - d) 'confirmed by new educational guidelines' (confirmado por novas diretrizes educacionais) é oposto ao significado.
    - e) 'based on new guidelines that are full of mistakes' (baseado em novas diretrizes cheias de erros) não reflete diretamente o significado da palavra e acrescenta uma noção que o texto não traz.

    Portanto, a alternativa c) é a correta, pois traduz adequadamente o sentido de 'misguided' no contexto do texto.
publicidade
🍪

Utilizamos cookies e tecnologias semelhantes para aprimorar sua experiência de navegação. Política de Privacidade.