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1Q1022262 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Inglês, Prefeitura de Calumbi PE, IGEDUC, 2025

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India's luxury airline Vistara flies into the sunset



Indian full-service carrier Vistara will operate its last flight on Monday, after nine years in existence.


A joint venture between Singapore Airlines and the Tata Sons, Vistara will merge with Tata-owned Air India to form a single entity with an expanded network and broader fleet.


This means that all Vistara operations will be transferred to and managed by Air India, including helpdesk kiosks and ticketing offices. The process of migrating passengers with existing Vistara bookings and loyalty programmes to Air India has been under way over thepast few months.


"As part of the merger process, meals, service ware and other soft elements have been upgraded and incorporates aspects of both Vistara and Air India," an Air India spokesperson said in an email response.


Amid concerns that the merger could impact service standards, the Tatas have assured that Vistara's in-flight experience will remain unchanged.


Known for its high ratings in food, service, and cabin quality, Vistara has built a loyal customer base and the decision to retire the Vistara brand has been criticised by fans, branding experts, and aviation analysts.


The consolidation was effectively done to clean up Vistara's books and wipe out its losses, said Mark Martin, an aviation analyst.


Air India has essentially been "suckered into taking a loss-making airline" in a desperate move, he added.


"Mergers are meant to make airlines powerful. Never to wipe out losses or cover them."


To be sure, both Air India and Vistara's annual losses have reduced by more than half over the past year, and other operating metrics have improved too. But the merger process so far has been turbulent.


The exercise has been riddled with problems − from pilot shortages that have led to massive flight cancellations, to Vistara crew going on mass sick leave over plans to align their salary structures with Air India.


There have also been repeated complaints about poor service standards on Air India, including viral videos of broken seats and non-functioning inflight entertainment systems.


The Tatas have announced a $400m (£308m) programme to upgrade and retrofit the interiors of its older aircraft and also a brand-new livery. They've also placed orders for hundreds of new Airbus and Boeing planes worth billions of dollars to augment their offering.


But this "turnaround" is still incomplete and riddled with problems, according to Mr Martin. A merger only complicates matters.


Experts say that the merger strikes a dissonant chord from a branding perspective too.


Harish Bijoor, a brand strategy specialist, told the BBC he was feeling "emotional" that a superior product offering like Vistara which had developed a "gold standard for Indian aviation" was ceasing operations.


"It is a big loss for the industry," said Mr Bijoor, adding it will be a monumental task for the mother brand Air India to simply "copy, paste and exceed" the high standards set by Vistara, given that it's a much smaller airline that's being gobbled up by a much larger one.


Mr Bijoor suggests a better strategy would have been to operate Air India separately for five years, focusing on improving service standards, while maintaining Vistara as a distinct brand with Air India prefixed to it.


"This would have given Air India the time and chance to rectify the mother brand and bring it up to the Vistara level, while maintaining its uniqueness," he adds.


Beyond branding, the merged entity will face a slew of operational challenges.


"Communication will be a major challenge in the early days, with customers arriving at the airport expecting Vistara flights, only to find Air India branding," says Ajay Awtaney, editor of Live From A Lounge, an aviation portal. "Air India will need to maintain clear communication for weeks."


Another key challenge, he notes, is cultural: Vistara's agile employees may struggle to adjust to Air India's complex bureaucracy and systems.


But the biggest task for the merged carrier would be offering customers a uniform flying experience.


These are "two airlines with very different service formats are being integrated into one airline. It is going to be a hotchpotch of service formats, cabin formats, branding, and customer experience. It will involve learning and unlearning, and such a process has rarely worked with airlines and is seldom effective," said Mr Martin.


Still, many believe Vistara had to go − now or some years later.


A legacy brand like Air India, with strong global recognition and 'India' imprinted in its identity, wouldn't have allowed a smaller, more premium subsidiary to overshadow its revival process.


Financially too, it makes little sense for the Tatas to have two loss-making entities compete with one another.


The combined strength of Vistara and Air India could also place the Tatas in a much better position to compete with market leader Indigo.


The unified Air India group (including Air India Express, which completed its merger with the former Air Asia India in October) "will be bigger and better with a fleet size of nearly 300 aircraft, an expanded network and a stronger workforce", an Air India spokesperson said.


"Getting done with the merger means that Air India grows overnight, and the two teams start cooperating instead of competing. There will never be one right day to merge. Somewhere, a line had to be drawn," said Mr Awtaney.


But for many Vistara loyalists, its demise leaves a void in India's skies for a premium, full-service carrier - marking the third such gap after the collapse of Kingfisher Airlines and Jet Airways.


It's still too early to say if Air India, which often ranks at the bottom of airline surveys, can successfully fill that void.


https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5ygp1w5eq7o

Which of the following sentences from the text is in the passive voice?
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2Q1024341 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de São Benedito CE, CETREDE, 2025

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Read Text II and answer question

TEXT II

Uses of AI in Education

In May 2023, the U.S. Department of Education released a report titled Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Teaching and Learning: Insights and Recommendations. The department had conducted listening sessions in 2022 with more than 700 people, including educators and parents, to gauge their views on AI. The report noted that “constituents believe that action is required now in order to get ahead of the expected increase of AI in education technology – and they want to roll up their sleeves and start working together.” People expressed anxiety about “future potential risks” with AI but also felt that “AI may enable achieving educational priorities in better ways, at scale, and with lower costs.

AI could serve – or is already serving – in several teachingand-learning roles, for instance: instructional assistants: AI’s ability to conduct human-like conversations opens up possibilities for adaptive tutoring or instructional assistants that can help explain difficult concepts to students. AI-based feedback systems can offer constructive critiques on student writing, which can help students fine-tune their writing skills. Some research also suggests certain kinds of prompts can help children generate more fruitful questions about learning. AI models might also support customized learning for students with disabilities and provide translation for English language learners; and teaching assistants: AI might tackle some of the administrative tasks that keep teachers from investing more time with their peers or students. Early uses include automated routine tasks such as drafting lesson plans, creating differentiated materials, designing worksheets, developing quizzes, and exploring ways of explaining complicated academic materials. AI can also provide educators with recommendations to meet student needs and help teachers reflect, plan, and improve their practice.

Along with these potential benefits come some difficult challenges and risks the education community must navigate. For example, both teachers and students face the risk of becoming overly reliant on AI-driven technology. For students, this could stifle learning, especially the development of critical thinking. This challenge extends to educators as well. While AI can expedite lesson-plan generation, speed does not equate to quality. Teachers may be tempted to accept the initial AI-generated content rather than devote time to reviewing and refining it for optimal educational value.

In light of these challenges, the Department of Education has stressed the importance of keeping “humans in the loop” when using AI, particularly when the output might be used to inform a decision. As the department encouraged in its 2023 report, teachers, learners, and others need to retain their agency. AI cannot “replace a teacher, a guardian, or an education leader as the custodian of their students’ learning,” the report stressed.

Adapted from: https://www.educationnext.org/a-i-in-education-leap-into-new-eramachine-intelligence-carries-risks-challenges-promises/
Choose the sentence that is in passive voice.
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3Q1024605 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Promoção do QM 2022, SEDUC SP, VUNESP, 2025

Texto associado.
Read the text to answer question:


Language learning styles and strategies are among the main factors that help determine how – and how well – our students learn a second or foreign language. The term L2 is used in this text to refer to either a second or a foreign language, following the tradition in our field.


Learning styles are the general approaches – global or analytic, auditory or visual – that students use in acquiring a new language or in learning any other subject. These styles are “the overall patterns that give general direction to learning behavior” (Cornett 1983, p. 9). Of great relevance is this statement: “Learning style is the biologically and developmentally imposed set of characteristics that make the same teaching method wonderful for some and terrible for others” (Dunn and Griggs 1988, p. 3).


Learning strategies are defined as “specific actions, behaviors, steps, or techniques – such as seeking out conversation partners, or giving oneself encouragement to tackle a difficult language task – used by students to enhance their own learning” (Scarcella and Oxford 1992, p. 63). When the learner consciously chooses strategies that fit his or her learning style and the L2 task at hand, these strategies become a useful tool-kit for active, conscious, and purposeful self-regulation of learning. Learning strategies can be classified into six types: cognitive, metacognitive, memoryrelated, compensatory, affective, and social.


(M. Celce-Murcia, 2001. Adaptado)
Concerning the passive voice: there are sentences which cannot be transformed into a passive at all, sentences which accept only one form of the passive voice, and sentences which can be made passive in two different ways. Point out the sentence which accepts the latter.
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4Q1022311 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Careaçu MG, MARANATHA Assessoria, 2025

Identify the correct use of the passive voice:
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  4. ✂️

5Q1020037 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, QM 2023, SEDUCSP, VUNESP, 2025

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Read the text to answer question.


All teachers, whether at the start of their careers or after some years of teaching, need to be able to try out new activities and techniques. It is important to be open to such new ideas and take them into the classroom.

But such experimentation will be of little use unless we can then evaluate these activities. Were they successful? Did the students enjoy them? Did they learn anything from them? How could the activities be changed to make them more effective next time?

One way of getting feedback is to ask students simple questions such as ‘Did you like that exercise? Did you find it useful?’ and see what they say. But not all students will discuss topics like this openly in class. It may be better to ask them to write their answers down and hand them in.

Another way of getting reactions to new techniques is to invite a colleague into the classroom and ask him or her to observe what happens and make suggestions afterwards. The lesson could also be videoed.

In general, it is a good idea to get students’ reactions to lessons, and their aspirations about them, clearly stated. Many teachers encourage students to say what they feel about the lessons and how they think the course is going. The simplest way to do this is to ask students once every fortnight, for example, to write down two things they want more of and two things they want less of. The answers you get may prove a fruitful place to start a discussion, and you will then be able to modify what happens in class, if you think it appropriate, in the light of your students’ feelings. Such modifications will greatly enhance the teacher’s ability to manage the class.

Good teacher managers also need to assess how well their students are progressing. This can be done through a variety of measures including homework assignments, speaking activities where the teacher scores the participation of each student, and frequent small progress tests. Good teachers keep a record of their students’ achievements so that they are always aware of how they are getting on. Only if teachers keep such kinds of progress records can they begin to see when teaching and learning has or has not been successful.


(Harmer, Jeremy. How to teach English. Londres: Longman, 1998)
The sentence taken from the text “The lesson could also be videoed” is an example of use of passive voice. Not all sentences can be transformed into passive voice, though. In the alternatives below, choose the sentence that can be transformed into a passive.
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7Q1024977 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Piçarra PA, Instituto Ágata, 2025

Texto associado.

Read text I to answer the question.

TEXT I


Teachers in the Movement: Pedagogy, Activism, and Freedom


In this year's Presidential Address, historian Derrick P. Alridge __________ his current research project, Teachers in the Movement: Pedagogy, Activism, and Freedom. The project builds on recent literature about teachers as activists be tween 1950 and 1980 and explores how and what secondary and postsecondary teachers taught. Focusing on teachers in Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, the project investigates teachers' roles as agents of social change through teaching the ideals of freedom during the most significant social movement in the United States in the twentieth century. Drawing on oral history and archival research, the project plans to produce five hundred videotaped interviews that will generate extensive firsthand knowledge and fresh perspectives about teachers in the civil rights move ment. By examining teachers' pedagogical activism during this period of rapid social change, Alridge hopes to inspire and inform educators teaching in the midst of today's freedom and social justice movements.


(Disponível em: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1255911)

Choose the option that correctly presents a sentence in the active voice.
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8Q1024210 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Professor de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Maracajá SC, Unesc, 2025

Syntax in the English language refers to the structure and organization of words in a sentence to form grammatically correct sentences. Analyze the following statements about syntax:

(__)A sentence in the passive voice in English always uses the verb in the infinitive form after the auxiliary verb.
(__)In English, the adjective always comes after the noun it modifies.
(__)In English, object pronouns can occupy the subject position in a sentence.
(__)The basic word order in an affirmative sentence is Subject + Verb + Object.

The correct sequence is:
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9Q1022682 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Inglês, Prefeitura de Ribeiro Gonçalves PI, JVL Concursos, 2025

Which option correctly transforms the active sentence into the passive?

Active: “The board members will discuss the new policy next week.”
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10Q1024747 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Área Língua Inglesa, IF RN, FUNCERN, 2025

Texto associado.
Question must be answered based on the following text.


“‘English Only': The movement to limit Spanish speaking in US’”


“The reactions against people who speak Spanish are probably not new," says Heidi Beirich, a researcher at the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC). The SPLC monitors hate groups in the US, which they define as any organisation that - based on its official statements or principles, the statements of its leaders, or its activities - has beliefs or practices that attack or malign an entire class of people, typically for their immutable characteristics. In this sense, the SPLC qualifies as hate groups several organisations that it considers anti-immigrant, such as the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) and the Washington DC-based Center for Immigration Studies (CIS).


Also on their list is ProEnglish, which advocates for English to be designated as the official language of the United States. All of them were created in recent decades by John Tanton, a white American far-right nationalist, who died in July of this year. Mr. Tanton founded at least 12 anti-immigrant organisations, six of which have been designated hate groups by the SPLC. The aforementioned ProEnglish is one of the main organisations pushing the "English Only" movement, also known as "English First" or "Official English" movement. Part of ProEnglish's official platform states: "In a pluralistic nation such as ours, the function of government should be to foster and support the similarities that unite us, rather than institutionalise the differences that divide us." The organisation focuses its efforts on lobbying to convince legislators and public opinion of the need to adopt English as an official language at all levels of government.


While ProEnglish establishes on its website that "the right to use other languages must be respected", the group has been criticised by those who consider their agenda to be discriminatory. “They are careful to be called ProEnglish and not ‘antiSpanish’. But it is clear that their ideology is supremacist, referring to English as a symbol of US cultural heritage when this country has never been a project only in English, says SPLC researcher Heidi Beirich.


Adapted from: DIÉZ, Beatriz. “‘English Only': The movement to limit Spanish speaking in US’”. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-50550742
Based on the following passage of Diéz’s article:

“‘While ProEnglish establishes on its website that 'the right to use other languages must be respected”, the group has been criticised by those who consider their agenda to be discriminatory. 'They are careful to be called ProEnglish and not “antiSpanish”. But it is clear that their ideology is supremacist, referring to English as a symbol of US cultural heritage when this country has never been a project only in English,’ says SPLC researcher Heidi Beirich”.

From the alternatives below, choose the option that best represents the primary rhetorical effect of the passive voice in the passage above:
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11Q1024757 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Professor II de Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Japaratinga AL, IGEDUC, 2025

Which of the following passive constructions is both grammatically correct and stylistically appropriate for formal academic writing?
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12Q1024004 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de São João do Ivaí PR, Instituto Access, 2024

Texto associado.
Who wants a therapist who’s robotic? But a robot therapist?


Imagine feeling overwhelmed and in need of someone to talk to, but no one is available. You have no idea what to do, who to talk to and what to say. Chatbot AI is your new best friend. Essentially, it can take over basic human interaction and problems, answering even the most absurd questions. An artificial intelligence chatbot provides support and guidance. But there are some aspects that AI can not replace, things like having a physical person in front of you. Still, you feel a bit better knowing you have some support. The 1980s were referred to as the rapid “AI boom.” Joseph Weizenbaum, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, developed the first chatbot to simulate an entertaining human conversation. He envisioned it as taking on the persona of a psychotherapist. Its original purpose was “to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve the kinds of problems now reserved for humans and improve themselves.” Ideally, a user would input a message on an electric typewriter linked to a mainframe, and shortly after, the “psychotherapist” would respond. Decades later, in 2017, chatbots finally became recognized as a stable form of communication. Because of continuous innovations in technology, chatbots have been created as a type of artificial intelligence application that poses as a sort of digital friend that you can lean on.
“…chatbots have been created as a type of artificial…” Which verb tense is expressed in “Have been created”?
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13Q1022990 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Inglês, Prefeitura de São Gabriel da Cachoeira AM, Instituto Abaré eté, 2024

Select the sentence that correctly uses the past perfect tense in the passive voice.
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14Q1023029 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Ribeiro Gonçalves PI, JVL Concursos, 2024

Texto associado.
TEXT 1

Anxiety has kept 28% of UK children away from school

Many children in the UK are missing school because they feel too anxious, according to a new survey. Research by stem4, a mental health charity for young people, found that 28% of children aged between 12 and 18 had missed school in the last year because of anxiety. The charity is asking the government, the health service and schools to domore to help pupils with their mental health.

More than 1,000 young people were surveyed, and almost half said that they were suffering from a mental health difficulty. Experts say that the problems have gotten worse since the coronavirus pandemic. At the moment, 38% of schools in England have a mental health support team. But the government has said that it wants to increase that to at least 50% by the end of March 2025, as well as training teachers and giving more money to the health service.

However, the survey also found that it is not only mental health that is keeping children away from school. Almost a quarter of children aged between 12 and 18 have missed school because of family problems, while 18% have stayed away because of problems with friends or other pupils. The stress of exams was also given as a reason for missing school.

Nihara Krause, the founder of stem4, said that spending a lot of time away from school can have long-lasting negative effects on children.

Adapted from: https://engoo.com.br/app/daily-news/article/anxiety-has-kept-28-
of-uk-children-away-from-school/LY6CWsQ1Ee6_G7_OKvNYDg
Which of the sentences below, from Text I, is in the passive voice?
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  2. ✂️
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  4. ✂️

17Q1022051 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Inglês, Prefeitura de Itapissuma PE, IGEDUC, 2024

Texto associado.
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à quesão.


ASTEROID WARNING Elon Musk's web of satellites make it harder to detect dangerous near-Earth asteroids, scientists warn

Elon Musk's web of satellites makes it harder to detect dangerous near-Earth asteroids, scientists have warned.

The number of satellites orbiting Earth has soared from just a few hundred in 1986 to 10,000 today.

Another tenfold increase is expected over the coming decade - much of it driven by Musk's Starlink network.

Starlink is a fleet of satellites which brings internet to people with little or no signal - including troops in Ukraine.

But more than 100 astronomers have now warned against launching more "megaconstellations" of satellites.

The boffins said clogging up the Earth's orbit with satellites could block their telescopes' view of outer space.

Professor Robert McMillan told Space: "Artificial satellites, even those invisible to the naked eye, can obstruct astronomical observations.

"These observations help detect asteroids and understand our place in the universe.

"The potentially long-term environmental harms of deploying tens of thousands of satellites are still unclear."

Light streaks from Starlink have dazzled a California telescope which scans the sky for exploding stars and dangerous near-Earth asteroids.

A study found that Musk's satellites could stop the Zwicky Transient Facility picking up asteroids coming from the sun.

Around one in five snaps from the huge telescope have been affected, Scientific American reports.

Expert Przemek Mróz said: "We don't expect Starlink satellites to affect non-twilight images.

"But if the satellite constellation of other companies goes into higher orbits, this could cause problems for non-twilight observations."

Co-author Tom Prince said: "There is a small chance that we would miss an asteroid or another event hidden behind a satellite streak."

https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/31609240/elon-musk-satellites-asteroidsscientists/

Which of the following sentences uses the passive voice?
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  4. ✂️

18Q1022062 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Professor de Inglês, Prefeitura de Palma Sola SC, AMEOSC, 2024

In the sentence, "She had been working on the project for months before the deadline was extended," which of the following options best describes the linguistic structures used and their function within the context?
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19Q1024632 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Inglês, Prefeitura de Nova Odessa SP, Avança SP, 2024

Which of the following sentences is written using the passive voice?
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20Q1023609 | Inglês, Voz Ativa e Passiva Passive And Active Voice, Língua Inglesa, Prefeitura de Vitória ES, FGV, 2024

Texto associado.

Read Text I and answer the fourteen questions that follow it

Text I The “literacy turn” in education: reexamining

what it means to be literate


In response to the phenomena of mass migration and the emergence of digital communications media that defined the last decade of the 20th century, the New London Group (NLG) called for a broader view of literacy and literacy teaching in its 1996 manifesto, A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies: Designing Social Futures. The group argued that literacy pedagogy in education must (1) reflect the increasing cultural and linguistic diversity of the contemporary globalized world, and (2) account for the new kinds of texts and textual engagement that have emerged in the wake of new information and multimedia technologies. In order to better capture the plurality of discourses, languages, and media, they proposed the term ‘multiliteracies’.

Within the NLG’s pedagogy of multiliteracies, language and other modes of communication are viewed as dynamic resources for meaning making that undergo constant changes in the dynamics of language use as learners attempt to achieve their own purposes. Within this broader view of literacy and literacy teaching, learners are no longer “users as decoders of language” but rather “designers of meaning.” Meaning is not viewed as something that resides in texts; rather, deriving meaning is considered an active and dynamic process in which learners combine and creatively apply both linguistic and other semiotic resources (e.g., visual, gesture, sound, etc.) with an awareness of “the sets of conventions connected with semiotic activity [...] in a given social space” (NLG, 1996, p. 74).

Grounded within the view that learning develops in social, cultural, and material contexts as a result of collaborative interactions, NLG argued that instantiating literacy-based teaching in classrooms calls on the complex integration and interaction of four pedagogical components that are neither hierarchical nor linear and can at times overlap: situated practice, overt instruction, critical framing, and transformed practice. […]

Although the NLG’s pedagogy of multiliteracies was conceived as a “statement of general principle” (1996, p. 89) for schools, the group’s call for educators to recognize the diversity and social situatedness of literacy has had a lasting impact on foreign language (FL) teaching and learning. The reception of the group’s work along with that of other scholars from critical pedagogy appeared at a time when the field was becoming less solidly anchored in theories of L2 acquisition and more interested in the social practice of FL education itself. In the section that follows, we describe the current state of FL literacy studies as it has developed in recent years, before finally turning to some very recent emerging trends that we are likely to see develop going forward.

(Adapted from: https://www.colorado.edu/center/altec/sites/default/files/ attachedfiles/moving_toward_multiliteracies_in_foreign_language_teaching.pdf)

The verb form in “the NLG’s pedagogy of multiliteracies was conceived” (4th paragraph) is in the
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