Inocência não aparecia.

      Mal saía do quarto, pretextando recaída de sezões: entretanto, não era seu corpo o doente, não; a sua alma, sim, essa sofria morte e paixão; e amargas lágrimas, sobretudo à noite, lhe inundavam o rosto.
– Meu Deus, exclamava ela, que será de mim? Nossa Senhora da Guia me socorra. Que pode fazer uma infeliz rapariga dos sertões contra tanta desgraça? Eu vivia tão sossegada neste retiro, amparada por meu pai... que agora tanto medo me mete... Deus do céu, piedade, piedade.
      E de joelhos, diante do tosco oratório alumiado por esguias velas de cera, orava com fervor, balbuciando as preces que costumava recitar antes de se deitar.
Uma noite, disse ela:
– Quisera uma reza que me enchesse mais o coração... que mais me aliviasse o peso da agonia de hoje...
E, como levada de inspiração, prostrou-se murmurando:
– Minha Nossa Senhora mãe da Virgem que nunca pecou, ide adiante de Deus. Pedi-lhe que tenha pena de mim... que não me deixe assim nesta dor cá dentro tão cruel. Estendei a vossa mão sobre mim. Se é crime amar a Cirino, mandai-me a morte. Que culpa tenho eu do que me sucede? Rezei tanto, para não gostar deste homem! Tudo... tudo... foi inútil! Por que então este suplício de todos os momentos? Nem sequer tem alívio no sono? Sempre ele... ele! (...)
      Quando a lembrança de Cirino se lhe apresentava mais viva, estorcia-se de desespero. A paixão punha-lhe o peito em fogo...

(Visconde de Taunay, Inocência.)
Na primeira vez em que se dirige a Nossa Senhora, a protagonista usa um tratamento e, na segunda, outro. Uma das explicações é que, na segunda vez, ela
Leia as afirmações sobre as constituições republicanas brasileiras.

I. Inspirada na Constituição dos Estados Unidos, a Carta de 1891 optou pela organização federalista.

II. A Constituição de 1934 trouxe como importante novidade a presença do voto secreto.

III. A Carta de 1937 foi apelidada de polaca, pois foi inspirada na Constituição fascista da Polônia.

IV. As Constituições de 1946 e de 1967 são consideradas as mais liberais da história republicana, pois reconheceram o direito de voto aos analfabetos e reforçaram o Poder Judiciário.

V. A Carta de 1988, chamada de Constituição Cidadã, criou a possibilidade da iniciativa popular de projeto de lei.

Estão corretas as afirmativas
Leia o registro de um contemporâneo da peste negra.

Eis que, em outubro do ano de 1347 da Encarnação do Senhor, (...) muitos genoveses, em doze galeras, fugindo à cólera divina que se abatera sobre eles em razão da sua iniquidade, acostaram no porto da cidade de Messina. Os genoveses transportavam consigo (...) uma doença tal que quem quer que tivesse falado com um deles era atingido por essa enfermidade mortal (...). As pessoas odiavam-se umas às outras a ponto de, se um filho fosse atingido pelo mal, o pai se recusar terminantemente a ficar do seu lado; e se ousasse aproximar-se dele, seria de tal modo atingido pelo mal que não haveria modo de escapar à morte (...).
(Michel de Piazza. Historia secula ab anno 1337 ad annum 1361. Apud Georges Duby. A Europa na Idade Média, 1988.)

A partir do trecho, pode-se afirmar que a peste negra era encarada como
  A anistia proposta pelo projeto para o desmatamento feito em propriedades rurais de menor extensão não vai resolver o problema da maioria dos pequenos agricultores, no sentido de oferecer área suficiente para sua subsistência, conclui um novo estudo do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea), divulgado em 04 de junho de 2011. O projeto propõe que imóveis rurais de até quatro módulos fiscais sejam isentos de recompor a reserva legal – área de mata que os proprietários não podem desmatar, que varia de 20% a 80% do total da propriedade, dependendo da região onde se situa. O Ipea aponta, no entanto, que 65% das propriedades rurais brasileiras são minifúndios, ou seja, têm menos de um módulo fiscal. O módulo fiscal é uma área que varia em cada estado. Uma unidade deve ser suficiente, segundo a realidade da produção local, para sustentar uma família. Sendo a maioria das propriedades menor que um módulo fiscal, anistiar desmatamento ou, mesmo, permitir que desmatem ainda mais, não resolveria o problema que seus proprietários enfrentam para subsistir. A inviabilidade de recompor a reserva em pequenas propriedades é um dos principais argumentos ruralistas a favor da anistia proposta para imóveis de até quatro módulos fiscais, como está no texto do projeto aprovado.

(www.g1.globo.com. Adaptado.)

O projeto mencionado no texto refere-se ao
Inocência não aparecia.

      Mal saía do quarto, pretextando recaída de sezões: entretanto, não era seu corpo o doente, não; a sua alma, sim, essa sofria morte e paixão; e amargas lágrimas, sobretudo à noite, lhe inundavam o rosto.
– Meu Deus, exclamava ela, que será de mim? Nossa Senhora da Guia me socorra. Que pode fazer uma infeliz rapariga dos sertões contra tanta desgraça? Eu vivia tão sossegada neste retiro, amparada por meu pai... que agora tanto medo me mete... Deus do céu, piedade, piedade.
      E de joelhos, diante do tosco oratório alumiado por esguias velas de cera, orava com fervor, balbuciando as preces que costumava recitar antes de se deitar.
Uma noite, disse ela:
– Quisera uma reza que me enchesse mais o coração... que mais me aliviasse o peso da agonia de hoje...
E, como levada de inspiração, prostrou-se murmurando:
– Minha Nossa Senhora mãe da Virgem que nunca pecou, ide adiante de Deus. Pedi-lhe que tenha pena de mim... que não me deixe assim nesta dor cá dentro tão cruel. Estendei a vossa mão sobre mim. Se é crime amar a Cirino, mandai-me a morte. Que culpa tenho eu do que me sucede? Rezei tanto, para não gostar deste homem! Tudo... tudo... foi inútil! Por que então este suplício de todos os momentos? Nem sequer tem alívio no sono? Sempre ele... ele! (...)
      Quando a lembrança de Cirino se lhe apresentava mais viva, estorcia-se de desespero. A paixão punha-lhe o peito em fogo...

(Visconde de Taunay, Inocência.)
O pretexto que Inocência usa para não sair de seu quarto é um problema de ordem
Mãos dadas

Não serei o poeta de um mundo caduco.
Também não cantarei o mundo futuro.
Estou preso à vida e olho meus companheiros.
Estão taciturnos mas nutrem grandes esperanças.
Entre eles, considero a enorme realidade.
O presente é tão grande, não nos afastemos.
Não nos afastemos muito, vamos de mãos dadas.


Não serei o cantor de uma mulher, de uma história,
não direi os suspiros ao anoitecer, a paisagem vista da janela,
não distribuirei entorpecentes ou cartas de suicida,
não fugirei para as ilhas nem serei raptado por serafins.
O tempo é a minha matéria, o tempo presente, os homens presentes,
a vida presente.


(Carlos Drummond de Andrade. Obra completa.)
Esse poema pertence ao livro Sentimento do mundo, que ilustra bem uma geração de poetas, da qual também fizeram parte Vinícius de Moraes e Murilo Mendes, que se caracterizou, principalmente, por ter
Graças à bem-sucedida industrialização substitutiva das importações, conduzida nas décadas de 1950, 1960 e 1970, o Brasil se ergueu à posição de nona potência econômica do mundo. É hoje um país mal desenvolvido por ter adotado um padrão de crescimento socialmente perverso. Ostenta uma das mais regressivas repartições da renda no mundo, com diferenças abismais entre a minoria dos ganhadores e a massa dos sacrificados.

(Ignacy Sachs. Quo Vadis, Brasil? In Ignacy Sachs, Jorge Wilheim e Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro (org.). Brasil: um século de transformações, 2001.)

A partir do fragmento, é correto considerar:
[Foi] uma das revoltas que evidenciaram, no período regencial, as crises que marcaram a organização do país independente, mobilizando a província do Rio Grande de São Pedro e alcançando Santa Catarina, entre 1835 e 1845. (...)
À diferença da repressão da maioria das rebeliões do período regencial, nas quais a participação popular e dos grupos médios urbanos foi expressiva, o governo imperial assumiu, nesse caso, postura que aliou negociação e repressão.

(Ronaldo Vainfas (org). Dicionário do Brasil Imperial, 2002.)

O fragmento apresenta a
Inocência não aparecia.

      Mal saía do quarto, pretextando recaída de sezões: entretanto, não era seu corpo o doente, não; a sua alma, sim, essa sofria morte e paixão; e amargas lágrimas, sobretudo à noite, lhe inundavam o rosto.
– Meu Deus, exclamava ela, que será de mim? Nossa Senhora da Guia me socorra. Que pode fazer uma infeliz rapariga dos sertões contra tanta desgraça? Eu vivia tão sossegada neste retiro, amparada por meu pai... que agora tanto medo me mete... Deus do céu, piedade, piedade.
      E de joelhos, diante do tosco oratório alumiado por esguias velas de cera, orava com fervor, balbuciando as preces que costumava recitar antes de se deitar.
Uma noite, disse ela:
– Quisera uma reza que me enchesse mais o coração... que mais me aliviasse o peso da agonia de hoje...
E, como levada de inspiração, prostrou-se murmurando:
– Minha Nossa Senhora mãe da Virgem que nunca pecou, ide adiante de Deus. Pedi-lhe que tenha pena de mim... que não me deixe assim nesta dor cá dentro tão cruel. Estendei a vossa mão sobre mim. Se é crime amar a Cirino, mandai-me a morte. Que culpa tenho eu do que me sucede? Rezei tanto, para não gostar deste homem! Tudo... tudo... foi inútil! Por que então este suplício de todos os momentos? Nem sequer tem alívio no sono? Sempre ele... ele! (...)
      Quando a lembrança de Cirino se lhe apresentava mais viva, estorcia-se de desespero. A paixão punha-lhe o peito em fogo...

(Visconde de Taunay, Inocência.)
O verbo no tempo mais-que-perfeito do indicativo pode ser empregado em frases optativas, isto é, que exprimem desejo. É o que ocorre no trecho do texto:
Mãos dadas

Não serei o poeta de um mundo caduco.
Também não cantarei o mundo futuro.
Estou preso à vida e olho meus companheiros.
Estão taciturnos mas nutrem grandes esperanças.
Entre eles, considero a enorme realidade.
O presente é tão grande, não nos afastemos.
Não nos afastemos muito, vamos de mãos dadas.


Não serei o cantor de uma mulher, de uma história,
não direi os suspiros ao anoitecer, a paisagem vista da janela,
não distribuirei entorpecentes ou cartas de suicida,
não fugirei para as ilhas nem serei raptado por serafins.
O tempo é a minha matéria, o tempo presente, os homens presentes,
a vida presente.


(Carlos Drummond de Andrade. Obra completa.)
Analise as afirmações, referentes ao eu lírico que se manifesta no poema.

I. Declara que no convívio social a realidade se revela nítida e inexorável.

II. Almeja alcançar o lirismo contemplativo.

III. Nega-se a viver num escapismo romântico e num pessimismo decadentista.

IV. Conclama seus parceiros a enfrentarem a vida de forma unida.

Está correto apenas o que se afirma em
Police and Human Rights – Manual for Police Training

How can respecting human rights help the police?

Respect for human rights by law enforcement agencies actually enhances the effectiveness of those agencies. Where human rights are systematically respected, police officers have developed professionalism in their approaches to solving and preventing crime and maintaining public order. In this sense, respect for human rights by police is, in addition to being a moral, legal and ethical imperative, also a practical requirement for law enforcement. When the police are seen to respect, uphold and defend human rights:

• Public confidence is built and community cooperation fostered.
• Legal prosecutions are successful in court. • Police are seen as part of the community, performing a valuable social function.
• The fair administration of justice is served, and, consequently, confidence in the system.
• An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society.
• Police are able to be closer to the community, and, therefore, in a position to prevent and solve crimes through proactive policing.
• Support is elicited from the media, from the international community, and from higher authorities.
• A contribution is made to the peaceful resolution of conflicts and complaints. 

An effective police service is one that serves as the first line of defense in the protection of human rights. Its members carry out their work in a way, which does not rely upon fear and raw power but, on the contrary, is based on regard for the law, honor, and professionalism.

What role does training play in protecting human rights?

The effective training of police in human rights is an essential element in the global efforts to promote and protect human rights in every country. In order to protect human rights, the police must first know and understand them. Furthermore, police officers must be familiar with the various international guidelines and bodies of principles – such as the Code of Conduct for law enforcement officials and the principles on the use of force and firearms – and be able to use them as tools in their everyday work. They must understand the fact that international human rights standards concerning their work were developed to provide invaluable guidance for the performance of their crucial functions in a democratic society. However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are, but also how to do their job effectively within the confines of those rules.

Doesn’t concern for human rights hinder effective police work? 

Most people have heard the argument that respect for human rights is somehow opposed to effective law enforcement. And effective law enforcement means to capture the criminal. And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. A tendency to use overwhelming force in controlling demonstrations, physical pressure to extract information from detainees, or excessive force to secure an arrest can be observed now and then. In this way of thinking, law enforcement is a war against crime, and human rights are merely obstacles thrown in the path of the police by lawyers and NGOs. In fact, violations of human rights ––78–––– police only make the already challenging task of law enforcement ––– 79––– . When the law enforcer ––– 80––– the lawbreaker, the result is an assault on human dignity, on the law itself and on all institutions of public authority.

(G. Kalajdziev, et al. www.humanrights.dk. Adaptado.)
O trecho do texto – An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society. – pode ser parafraseado da seguinte forma:
Mãos dadas

Não serei o poeta de um mundo caduco.
Também não cantarei o mundo futuro.
Estou preso à vida e olho meus companheiros.
Estão taciturnos mas nutrem grandes esperanças.
Entre eles, considero a enorme realidade.
O presente é tão grande, não nos afastemos.
Não nos afastemos muito, vamos de mãos dadas.


Não serei o cantor de uma mulher, de uma história,
não direi os suspiros ao anoitecer, a paisagem vista da janela,
não distribuirei entorpecentes ou cartas de suicida,
não fugirei para as ilhas nem serei raptado por serafins.
O tempo é a minha matéria, o tempo presente, os homens presentes,
a vida presente.


(Carlos Drummond de Andrade. Obra completa.)
A exortação contida no verso Não nos afastemos muito, vamos de mãos dadas também estaria expressa de maneira coerente e gramaticalmente correta na seguinte frase:
Police and Human Rights – Manual for Police Training

How can respecting human rights help the police?

Respect for human rights by law enforcement agencies actually enhances the effectiveness of those agencies. Where human rights are systematically respected, police officers have developed professionalism in their approaches to solving and preventing crime and maintaining public order. In this sense, respect for human rights by police is, in addition to being a moral, legal and ethical imperative, also a practical requirement for law enforcement. When the police are seen to respect, uphold and defend human rights:

• Public confidence is built and community cooperation fostered.
• Legal prosecutions are successful in court. • Police are seen as part of the community, performing a valuable social function.
• The fair administration of justice is served, and, consequently, confidence in the system.
• An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society.
• Police are able to be closer to the community, and, therefore, in a position to prevent and solve crimes through proactive policing.
• Support is elicited from the media, from the international community, and from higher authorities.
• A contribution is made to the peaceful resolution of conflicts and complaints. 

An effective police service is one that serves as the first line of defense in the protection of human rights. Its members carry out their work in a way, which does not rely upon fear and raw power but, on the contrary, is based on regard for the law, honor, and professionalism.

What role does training play in protecting human rights?

The effective training of police in human rights is an essential element in the global efforts to promote and protect human rights in every country. In order to protect human rights, the police must first know and understand them. Furthermore, police officers must be familiar with the various international guidelines and bodies of principles – such as the Code of Conduct for law enforcement officials and the principles on the use of force and firearms – and be able to use them as tools in their everyday work. They must understand the fact that international human rights standards concerning their work were developed to provide invaluable guidance for the performance of their crucial functions in a democratic society. However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are, but also how to do their job effectively within the confines of those rules.

Doesn’t concern for human rights hinder effective police work? 

Most people have heard the argument that respect for human rights is somehow opposed to effective law enforcement. And effective law enforcement means to capture the criminal. And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. A tendency to use overwhelming force in controlling demonstrations, physical pressure to extract information from detainees, or excessive force to secure an arrest can be observed now and then. In this way of thinking, law enforcement is a war against crime, and human rights are merely obstacles thrown in the path of the police by lawyers and NGOs. In fact, violations of human rights ––78–––– police only make the already challenging task of law enforcement ––– 79––– . When the law enforcer ––– 80––– the lawbreaker, the result is an assault on human dignity, on the law itself and on all institutions of public authority.

(G. Kalajdziev, et al. www.humanrights.dk. Adaptado.)
Segundo o texto, uma das tarefas da polícia é
Police and Human Rights – Manual for Police Training

How can respecting human rights help the police?

Respect for human rights by law enforcement agencies actually enhances the effectiveness of those agencies. Where human rights are systematically respected, police officers have developed professionalism in their approaches to solving and preventing crime and maintaining public order. In this sense, respect for human rights by police is, in addition to being a moral, legal and ethical imperative, also a practical requirement for law enforcement. When the police are seen to respect, uphold and defend human rights:

• Public confidence is built and community cooperation fostered.
• Legal prosecutions are successful in court. • Police are seen as part of the community, performing a valuable social function.
• The fair administration of justice is served, and, consequently, confidence in the system.
• An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society.
• Police are able to be closer to the community, and, therefore, in a position to prevent and solve crimes through proactive policing.
• Support is elicited from the media, from the international community, and from higher authorities.
• A contribution is made to the peaceful resolution of conflicts and complaints. 

An effective police service is one that serves as the first line of defense in the protection of human rights. Its members carry out their work in a way, which does not rely upon fear and raw power but, on the contrary, is based on regard for the law, honor, and professionalism.

What role does training play in protecting human rights?

The effective training of police in human rights is an essential element in the global efforts to promote and protect human rights in every country. In order to protect human rights, the police must first know and understand them. Furthermore, police officers must be familiar with the various international guidelines and bodies of principles – such as the Code of Conduct for law enforcement officials and the principles on the use of force and firearms – and be able to use them as tools in their everyday work. They must understand the fact that international human rights standards concerning their work were developed to provide invaluable guidance for the performance of their crucial functions in a democratic society. However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are, but also how to do their job effectively within the confines of those rules.

Doesn’t concern for human rights hinder effective police work? 

Most people have heard the argument that respect for human rights is somehow opposed to effective law enforcement. And effective law enforcement means to capture the criminal. And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. A tendency to use overwhelming force in controlling demonstrations, physical pressure to extract information from detainees, or excessive force to secure an arrest can be observed now and then. In this way of thinking, law enforcement is a war against crime, and human rights are merely obstacles thrown in the path of the police by lawyers and NGOs. In fact, violations of human rights ––78–––– police only make the already challenging task of law enforcement ––– 79––– . When the law enforcer ––– 80––– the lawbreaker, the result is an assault on human dignity, on the law itself and on all institutions of public authority.

(G. Kalajdziev, et al. www.humanrights.dk. Adaptado.)
A expressão bend the rules, no trecho – And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. –, equivale, em português, a
Police and Human Rights – Manual for Police Training

How can respecting human rights help the police?

Respect for human rights by law enforcement agencies actually enhances the effectiveness of those agencies. Where human rights are systematically respected, police officers have developed professionalism in their approaches to solving and preventing crime and maintaining public order. In this sense, respect for human rights by police is, in addition to being a moral, legal and ethical imperative, also a practical requirement for law enforcement. When the police are seen to respect, uphold and defend human rights:

• Public confidence is built and community cooperation fostered.
• Legal prosecutions are successful in court. • Police are seen as part of the community, performing a valuable social function.
• The fair administration of justice is served, and, consequently, confidence in the system.
• An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society.
• Police are able to be closer to the community, and, therefore, in a position to prevent and solve crimes through proactive policing.
• Support is elicited from the media, from the international community, and from higher authorities.
• A contribution is made to the peaceful resolution of conflicts and complaints. 

An effective police service is one that serves as the first line of defense in the protection of human rights. Its members carry out their work in a way, which does not rely upon fear and raw power but, on the contrary, is based on regard for the law, honor, and professionalism.

What role does training play in protecting human rights?

The effective training of police in human rights is an essential element in the global efforts to promote and protect human rights in every country. In order to protect human rights, the police must first know and understand them. Furthermore, police officers must be familiar with the various international guidelines and bodies of principles – such as the Code of Conduct for law enforcement officials and the principles on the use of force and firearms – and be able to use them as tools in their everyday work. They must understand the fact that international human rights standards concerning their work were developed to provide invaluable guidance for the performance of their crucial functions in a democratic society. However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are, but also how to do their job effectively within the confines of those rules.

Doesn’t concern for human rights hinder effective police work? 

Most people have heard the argument that respect for human rights is somehow opposed to effective law enforcement. And effective law enforcement means to capture the criminal. And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. A tendency to use overwhelming force in controlling demonstrations, physical pressure to extract information from detainees, or excessive force to secure an arrest can be observed now and then. In this way of thinking, law enforcement is a war against crime, and human rights are merely obstacles thrown in the path of the police by lawyers and NGOs. In fact, violations of human rights ––78–––– police only make the already challenging task of law enforcement ––– 79––– . When the law enforcer ––– 80––– the lawbreaker, the result is an assault on human dignity, on the law itself and on all institutions of public authority.

(G. Kalajdziev, et al. www.humanrights.dk. Adaptado.)
Whenever enforcing the law, police should
Police and Human Rights – Manual for Police Training

How can respecting human rights help the police?

Respect for human rights by law enforcement agencies actually enhances the effectiveness of those agencies. Where human rights are systematically respected, police officers have developed professionalism in their approaches to solving and preventing crime and maintaining public order. In this sense, respect for human rights by police is, in addition to being a moral, legal and ethical imperative, also a practical requirement for law enforcement. When the police are seen to respect, uphold and defend human rights:

• Public confidence is built and community cooperation fostered.
• Legal prosecutions are successful in court. • Police are seen as part of the community, performing a valuable social function.
• The fair administration of justice is served, and, consequently, confidence in the system.
• An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society.
• Police are able to be closer to the community, and, therefore, in a position to prevent and solve crimes through proactive policing.
• Support is elicited from the media, from the international community, and from higher authorities.
• A contribution is made to the peaceful resolution of conflicts and complaints. 

An effective police service is one that serves as the first line of defense in the protection of human rights. Its members carry out their work in a way, which does not rely upon fear and raw power but, on the contrary, is based on regard for the law, honor, and professionalism.

What role does training play in protecting human rights?

The effective training of police in human rights is an essential element in the global efforts to promote and protect human rights in every country. In order to protect human rights, the police must first know and understand them. Furthermore, police officers must be familiar with the various international guidelines and bodies of principles – such as the Code of Conduct for law enforcement officials and the principles on the use of force and firearms – and be able to use them as tools in their everyday work. They must understand the fact that international human rights standards concerning their work were developed to provide invaluable guidance for the performance of their crucial functions in a democratic society. However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are, but also how to do their job effectively within the confines of those rules.

Doesn’t concern for human rights hinder effective police work? 

Most people have heard the argument that respect for human rights is somehow opposed to effective law enforcement. And effective law enforcement means to capture the criminal. And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. A tendency to use overwhelming force in controlling demonstrations, physical pressure to extract information from detainees, or excessive force to secure an arrest can be observed now and then. In this way of thinking, law enforcement is a war against crime, and human rights are merely obstacles thrown in the path of the police by lawyers and NGOs. In fact, violations of human rights ––78–––– police only make the already challenging task of law enforcement ––– 79––– . When the law enforcer ––– 80––– the lawbreaker, the result is an assault on human dignity, on the law itself and on all institutions of public authority.

(G. Kalajdziev, et al. www.humanrights.dk. Adaptado.)
No trecho – However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are – a palavra should pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
Police and Human Rights – Manual for Police Training

How can respecting human rights help the police?

Respect for human rights by law enforcement agencies actually enhances the effectiveness of those agencies. Where human rights are systematically respected, police officers have developed professionalism in their approaches to solving and preventing crime and maintaining public order. In this sense, respect for human rights by police is, in addition to being a moral, legal and ethical imperative, also a practical requirement for law enforcement. When the police are seen to respect, uphold and defend human rights:

• Public confidence is built and community cooperation fostered.
• Legal prosecutions are successful in court. • Police are seen as part of the community, performing a valuable social function.
• The fair administration of justice is served, and, consequently, confidence in the system.
• An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society.
• Police are able to be closer to the community, and, therefore, in a position to prevent and solve crimes through proactive policing.
• Support is elicited from the media, from the international community, and from higher authorities.
• A contribution is made to the peaceful resolution of conflicts and complaints. 

An effective police service is one that serves as the first line of defense in the protection of human rights. Its members carry out their work in a way, which does not rely upon fear and raw power but, on the contrary, is based on regard for the law, honor, and professionalism.

What role does training play in protecting human rights?

The effective training of police in human rights is an essential element in the global efforts to promote and protect human rights in every country. In order to protect human rights, the police must first know and understand them. Furthermore, police officers must be familiar with the various international guidelines and bodies of principles – such as the Code of Conduct for law enforcement officials and the principles on the use of force and firearms – and be able to use them as tools in their everyday work. They must understand the fact that international human rights standards concerning their work were developed to provide invaluable guidance for the performance of their crucial functions in a democratic society. However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are, but also how to do their job effectively within the confines of those rules.

Doesn’t concern for human rights hinder effective police work? 

Most people have heard the argument that respect for human rights is somehow opposed to effective law enforcement. And effective law enforcement means to capture the criminal. And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. A tendency to use overwhelming force in controlling demonstrations, physical pressure to extract information from detainees, or excessive force to secure an arrest can be observed now and then. In this way of thinking, law enforcement is a war against crime, and human rights are merely obstacles thrown in the path of the police by lawyers and NGOs. In fact, violations of human rights ––78–––– police only make the already challenging task of law enforcement ––– 79––– . When the law enforcer ––– 80––– the lawbreaker, the result is an assault on human dignity, on the law itself and on all institutions of public authority.

(G. Kalajdziev, et al. www.humanrights.dk. Adaptado.)
When police respects human rights,
Police and Human Rights – Manual for Police Training

How can respecting human rights help the police?

Respect for human rights by law enforcement agencies actually enhances the effectiveness of those agencies. Where human rights are systematically respected, police officers have developed professionalism in their approaches to solving and preventing crime and maintaining public order. In this sense, respect for human rights by police is, in addition to being a moral, legal and ethical imperative, also a practical requirement for law enforcement. When the police are seen to respect, uphold and defend human rights:

• Public confidence is built and community cooperation fostered.
• Legal prosecutions are successful in court. • Police are seen as part of the community, performing a valuable social function.
• The fair administration of justice is served, and, consequently, confidence in the system.
• An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society.
• Police are able to be closer to the community, and, therefore, in a position to prevent and solve crimes through proactive policing.
• Support is elicited from the media, from the international community, and from higher authorities.
• A contribution is made to the peaceful resolution of conflicts and complaints. 

An effective police service is one that serves as the first line of defense in the protection of human rights. Its members carry out their work in a way, which does not rely upon fear and raw power but, on the contrary, is based on regard for the law, honor, and professionalism.

What role does training play in protecting human rights?

The effective training of police in human rights is an essential element in the global efforts to promote and protect human rights in every country. In order to protect human rights, the police must first know and understand them. Furthermore, police officers must be familiar with the various international guidelines and bodies of principles – such as the Code of Conduct for law enforcement officials and the principles on the use of force and firearms – and be able to use them as tools in their everyday work. They must understand the fact that international human rights standards concerning their work were developed to provide invaluable guidance for the performance of their crucial functions in a democratic society. However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are, but also how to do their job effectively within the confines of those rules.

Doesn’t concern for human rights hinder effective police work? 

Most people have heard the argument that respect for human rights is somehow opposed to effective law enforcement. And effective law enforcement means to capture the criminal. And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. A tendency to use overwhelming force in controlling demonstrations, physical pressure to extract information from detainees, or excessive force to secure an arrest can be observed now and then. In this way of thinking, law enforcement is a war against crime, and human rights are merely obstacles thrown in the path of the police by lawyers and NGOs. In fact, violations of human rights ––78–––– police only make the already challenging task of law enforcement ––– 79––– . When the law enforcer ––– 80––– the lawbreaker, the result is an assault on human dignity, on the law itself and on all institutions of public authority.

(G. Kalajdziev, et al. www.humanrights.dk. Adaptado.)
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