All teachers have a theory of how teaching assists learning. Teachers may base their
teaching on intuitive notions of what works rather than on explicit principles of how they
can best promote learning in their students (Celse-Murcia, 2013). Rod Ellis wrote 12
principles of instructed language acquisition to help teachers ___________ their own
__________.
The words that complete the sentence correctly are:
According to Leffa and Guimarães and Silva (In: SILVA & DIAS, 2020), the teaching of
English in Integrated High School with Technical Education in the Federal Institute of
Education, Science and Technology has its own particularities.
Select the statement that best elucidates its objective:
According to Christine Goh (In: RENANDYA & WIDODO, 2016), speaking activities that
foster real communication among learners can be divided into three broad categories:
communication-gap tasks, discussion tasks, and monologic tasks. With this idea in mind,
read the following statements:
I. Communication-gap tasks can take various forms, often involving missing
information or details that one student must describe, narrate, or explain to their
partner.
II. In discussion tasks, learners are expected to present their ideas individually to
either one listener or an audience of listeners. Students may also speak extensively
on a topic without interruptions.
III. Monologic tasks are interactive activities in which learners exchange ideas,
opinions, or information on a particular topic, typically in a pair setting. When a
consensus is required, students should also negotiate with one another.
IV. Monologic tasks may be done in small groups, but presenting them to the entire
class is preferable, as it lowers speaker anxiety and allows peers to ask questions
and offer feedback in a more spontaneous manner.
Regarding the teaching of foreign languages in the era of cyberculture, Leffa (2016)
presents four challenges for teachers. Make the correct association between numbers and
letters, relating the type of challenge and its meaning.
1. Generation of knowledge
2. Encouragement of collective intelligence
3. Development of planetary consciousness
4. Re-literacy
A. The challenge for the teacher is to find the balance between preserving our individuality
and accepting the diversity of others.
B. The teacher must have a good level of proficiency in not only the mediation processes
through which access to knowledge is given, but also the social practice implicit in this
knowledge.
C. Society needs new knowledge to face the countless challenges of everyday life and the
teacher is the professional who, par excellence, is able to meet this need.
D. There are cross-cutting themes and tasks that can only be performed by bringing
together the knowledge of different people and areas of knowledge.
What is the correct association between numbers and letters?
Christine Goh (In: RENANDYA & WIDODO, 2016) examines three strategies that can
improve the speaking abilities of L2 learners. Make the correct association between
numbers and letters, relating the type of strategy and its exemplification.
A. Teachers need to offer support and direction, both in terms of content and language, to
assist learners in successfully completing a speaking task.
B. Teachers should promote self-assessment, encouraging learners to evaluate their own
speaking performance and the effectiveness of the tasks.
C. Teachers should inspire learners by having them do the task in its original format again
with different speaking partners.
What is the correct association between numbers and letters?
In any language teaching, materials play a pivotal role in shaping the instruction.
Concerning English for Specific Purposes (ESP) materials, according to Widodo (2016),
mark T for True statements and F for False ones.
( ) Authenticity in ESP materials involves various factors, such as real-life users or
participants, communicative and social purposes, settings, and social practices.
( ) For ESP students with low proficiency, authentic materials can be adapted based
on the language and content they aim to learn. Learners can engage with shorter
texts, easier vocabulary, and simpler sentence structures.
( ) To design ESP materials, teachers should include texts from different and varied
vocational domains, so that students will become familiar with how to understand
and produce texts in as many professional areas as possible.
The correct sequence of True and False statements, from top to botton, is
Studies on Needs Analysis have been conducted to investigate the needs of various learner
groups in academic, professional, occupational, and survival contexts. In terms of teaching,
needs analysis serves several distinct functions.
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of Needs Analysis?
Sandra Lee McKay (In: CELCE-MURCIA, 2013) points out that using literature as content in
EFL classes provides three major benefits.
Which statement DOES NOT represent adequately one of those benefits?
Different teaching approaches confer distinct roles to language teachers. Make the correct
association between numbers and letters, relating the type of teaching approach and its
example.
A) Practices linked to this approach involve students actively engaging through
experimentation, problem-solving, and discussions. They are also encouraged to reflect on
these experiences by discussing their actions and the insights they gained.
B) Teachers are viewed as responsible for conveying their knowledge to students. A
knowledgeable teacher’s structured presentation of information can assist students in
comprehending and retaining what has been taught.
C) More skilled peers (and teachers) support or "scaffold" learners, providing a socially
focused justification for interactive and collaborative work in pairs and groups.
What is the correct association between numbers and letters?
Read the following excerpt about the Communicative Methodology:
“This redefinition of goals had a knock-on effect in terms of methodology: the focus on
communicating messages – as opposed to rehearsing structural patterns – created the
need for activities that encouraged some kind of meaningful exchange, as in informationgap tasks, and, in order to practice functional language, role plays and simulations became
standard practice. And since communicative competence implies the capacity to
communicate one’s meanings irrespective of formal accuracy, fluency was prioritized,
reinforcing the trend towards incorporating less-controlled production activities within the
PPP format. For similar reasons, the use of authentic reading and listening materials was
promoted, and classroom procedures for minimizing the difficulties of these – such as the
use of skimming and scanning strategies – became commonplace “
THORNBURY, 2011, p. 188-189. In: SIMPSON, J. (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Applied
Linguistics. London: Routledge, 2011.
Which statement best exemplifies this methodology in language learning?
Read the texts below about two different language learning approaches:
The __________ Approach involves students drawing conclusions about a rule or
generalization based on a collection of examples. This method enables teachers to
evaluate students' existing knowledge of a specific structure and make any necessary
modifications to their lesson plans.
In contrast, the ___________ Approach presents students with the rule first, which they
then apply to examples. Clearly stating a rule can lead to valuable linguistic insights more
effectively, provided that the rule is neither overly simplified nor overly complex in its
explanation.
What is the correct sequence of words, from left to right, to fill in the gaps?