voltar

Questões de Concursos

filtre e encontre questões para seus estudos.

ID: 1024480•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
OGMO Paranaguá PR•
Estivador•
2024

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.


Ship carrying explosive fertiliser heads to UK waters


A Maltese-flagged cargo ship carrying thousands of tonnes of potentially explosive fertiliser is set to travel through UK waters.

Ruby, which was earlier accompanied by an escort tug, has reportedly been rejected by several countries due to its cargo.

The ship, which has 20,000 tonnes of ammonium nitrate on board, was previously damaged but deemed seaworthy by authorities in Norway.

HM Coastguard is in contact with the vessel, which according to ship tracking data, was in the North Sea off the Kent coast on Thursday morning.

The ship, owned by Maltese firm Ruby Enterprise, set off from the northern Russian port of Kandalaksha in July.

The national maritime emergency service said it will monitor the ship's progress as it heads towards and through UK waters.

Vessels are not required to ask permission to travel through UK territorial waters for legitimate purposes.

An escorting tug, Amber II, which had sailed with the boat from Norway, left the Ruby on Thursday morning and sailed east. Its current destination is listed as Rotterdam, in the Netherlands.

Though there is no suggestion of immediate danger from the cargo, the same chemical caused a devastating blast at a Beirut warehouse in 2020.

Ammonium nitrate is regularly transported around the world and used as fertiliser but is also used in explosives.

The ship is carrying seven times the amount of ammonium nitrate that caused the Beirut explosion.

Ruby's location on Thursday, according to Marine Traffic. Marine Traffic data suggested the ship was in the North Sea on Thursday.

Soon after departing Russia, the Ruby briefly ran aground after reportedly encountering a storm.

It then continued its journey around the Kola Peninsula and docked in Tromsø, Norway.

Norway's Maritime Authority told the BBC the vessel was inspected by DNV Group to ensure it met safety and environmental standards.

The group found damage to its hull, propeller and rudder, but the Ruby was still deemed "seaworthy".

As a precaution, DNV Group, and the Maltese flag registry, insisted that a tug escort the vessel for the remainder of its journey.

The ship was bound for Klaipeda, in Lithuania, according to ship tracking firm MarineTraffic.

But despite being deemed seaworthy, the ship was denied entry to Klaipeda. Algia Latakas, the port authority's chief executive, told the BBC that this was "because of its cargo".

Andrea Sella, professor of chemistry at University College London, said the cargo was not high risk, unless there was a fire on board.

"While I understand the caution of the authorities in Troms, I suspect that the chances of a similar disaster to Beirut are relatively modest," she said.

She added: "It would also be interesting to know what the nature of the repairs might be as clearly welding might significantly raise the potential fire risk."

Other reports suggested Sweden had imposed a ban as well, but Sweden's transport agency denies this.

"What the Swedish authorities did was to follow the matter in case we would have needed to act in some way," a spokesperson told the BBC.

In recent weeks, the Ruby travelled south along Norway's coast and through the North Sea.

The ship reportedly has had restricted manoeuvrability, though the BBC has been unable to confirm this.

On 25 September, it anchored about 15 miles (25km) north east of Margate, in Kent, near the Dover Strait - one of the world's busiest waterways.

The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) said the vessel is "currently securely anchored outside UK territorial waters waiting for appropriate conditions to refuel at sea before passing through the English Channel".

Refuelling at sea is a common practice and will take place in accordance with safety procedures and in favourable weather, said the MCA.

Its current destination is listed as Marsaxlokk, in Malta.

But Maltese authorities have told local media that the ship can only enter the country if it empties its cargo beforehand.

Marco Forgione, director general of the Chartered Institute of Export & International Trade, raised concerns about potential "environmental damage".

"Should the ammonium nitrate start to leak out of the ship and contaminate the sea... shipping through the channel would have to be diverted to avoid further shifting the pollution through its waters," he said.

He added that damage as a result of the potential scenario would be "immense" and cause "ongoing disruption".

The vessel has appropriate safety certificates approved by the vessel's flag state and is able to make its own way, said the MCA.

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c62g95721leo

What environmental concern was raised by Marco Forgione regarding the Ruby?

ID: 1022739•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial•
2024

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an advanced imaging technique increasingly used in dental practice due to its ability to provide detailed information on orofacial structures. Regarding the use of CBCT in dentistry, select the correct alternative:

ID: 1022915•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
OGMO Paranaguá PR•
Vigia•
2024

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.


Manufacturing dips as container outlook slides


The NEOI fell to 48.9 in August from 49.6 in July, indicating deteriorating trade conditions for the third consecutive month. Traded goods slowed in both developed and emerging markets, but India maintained a modest growth in goods exports during August, the last month for which figures are available.

In addition, the global PMI has shown a contraction of manufacturing, signalling a further deterioration in cargo levels in the immediate future.

"China's goods exports fell for the first time in 2024, signalling a broader decline in manufacturing as the year progresses," said global freight forwarder Dimerco.

Headquartered in Taiwan, the Taipei-listed forwarder said that the Federal Reserve's recent interest rate cut may revive global goods trade.

August trading in the US continued to grow amid concerns about a US East Coast strike, and a November election that could see major import tariffs imposed on goods, said Dimerco.

"The early peak season suggests an earlier-than-usual start to the slow season, with expected declines in handling volume from September to December, projected at 2.31m, 2.08m, 1.92m, and 1.89m teu, respectively. If these forecasts hold, total port volume for 2024 could reach 24.98m teu, a 12% increase from 2023," said Alvin Fuh, VP - ocean freight at Dimerco Express Group.

Dynamar analyst Darron Wadey, said: "Approaching 470 vessels bringing around 3.2m teu in capacity are expected to be delivered by the end of 2024."

That massive increase in capacity, and the fact that much of this increase is for larger sized vessels, means that any correction in freight rates should have started up to a year ago, according to Wadey.

"It is only the happenstance of the Red Sea and US East Coast situations that have, artificially, buoyed the markets. When the markets do correct therefore, the falls will only be more dramatic because the inevitable has been delayed whilst the stream of new ships coming online continues," said Wadey.

Drewry Shipping Consultants' analysis shows that blank sailings are expected to increase between 9 September and 7 October with an additional 53 blanked sailings, totalling 90 for the period. Some 67% of these cancelled services were on the Pacific eastbound, while a further 21% on the Asia to Europe trades and 12% on the Atlantic.

Even with these cancelled services, rates are continuing to fall on all the major trades, according to Dimerco.

New entrants are said to be another element to failure of lines to maintain rate levels.

"While the three major alliances are increasing blank sailings, several individual carriers have deployed 11 extra vessels for Europe WB and 14 for TPEB to handle the expected cargo surge before China's Golden Week. However, the anticipated pre-October 1 cargo rush in China did not materialise this year, leaving no backlogs or rollover cargo for these extra loaders to transport," said Dimerco's monthly analysis.

Rebalancing trade can only be achieved through the long-term and steady growth of trade, said Wadey, combined with "a strategic rather than knee-jerk ship ordering policy". These required shifts are generational, he said, "in the short term, political events in the US might lead to an end-2024 rush for cargoes again... but then where does that leave 2025 and beyond?"

Drewry's WCI index fell a further 7% this week, closing at $3,691/feu.

https://www.seatrade-maritime.com/containers/manufacturing-dips-as-container-outlook-slides
What does Dimerco suggest is a possible effect of the Federal Reserve's recent interest rate cut?

ID: 1022730•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Enfermagem•
2024

Chemotherapy is a treatment that uses chemical compounds, known as chemotherapeutic agents, to combat cancer and diseases caused by biological agents. It can be administered alone or in combination with other treatments, such as surgery and radiotherapy. Thus, evaluate the following propositions:

I.Curative chemotherapy aims at the complete elimination of the tumor, being effective in eradicating cancer;
II.The side effects of chemotherapy may include hair loss, weakness, and mucositis, varying according to the class of the chemotherapeutic agent, dosage, and interval between cycles;
III.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is used exclusively after surgery to eliminate residual cancer cells and preventmetastasis. (In fact, it is used before surgery to reduce the tumor).

Select the correct alternative:

ID: 1024474•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
OGMO Santos SP•
Estiva•
2024

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

Cargo ship stuck in river after tide falls

A cargo ship travelling through Cambridgeshire has become stuck in a river.

The Baltic Arrow is currently in the River Nene, Wisbech, after the captain reported "grounding" at about 08:49 BST on Tuesday.

The cargo ship was sailing from Riga, in Latvia, to the Port of Wisbech with timber in packs.

A port spokesperson said it was a "rare situation" but because the tide had fallen the plan was to wait "until [the] vessel is afloat at next high water to free her from the banks".

The cargo ship was being sailed under the flag of St Kitts and Nevis to the Port of Wisbech.

Six crew members and two local pilots were on board.

There have been no reported injuries on the 80-metre (262ft) long vessel and the captain has not reported any damage.

A spokesperson from Wisbech Port added that a full investigation will be carried out to find out why it grounded.

They said: "Since tide has fallen away, plan is to wait until vessel is afloat at next high water to free her from banks with additional tug assistance and continue her pilotage safely into Wisbech Port.

"This is a rare situation to happen at Wisbech. We hope to have vessel freed this evening and bring her alongside for discharging as usual."

Grounding can be described as the vessel no longer being afloat and the hull of the ship touching the river bed.

On this occasion, it was down to the tide going out whilst part of the vessel was in contact with the bank, the port spokesperson said.

They added: "All berths at Wisbech port are NAABSA berths which stands for 'not always afloat but safely aground' so technically all vessels ground whilst moored here during low water.

"The river bed is very soft and sludgy here and the vessel is designed to safely ground so we are confident of no ongoing issues."


https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cxww2rnxzvlo
What is the planned course of action to free the Baltic Arrow from the riverbank?

ID: 1022737•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Psicologia•
2024

In the book "Psychopathology and Semiotics of Mental Disorders", Paulo Dalgalarrondo addresses the essential aspects of psychopathology and psychiatric semiology. He explores the importance of the correct diagnosis of mental disorders and the interpretation of symptoms, as well as providing a historical perspective on the evolution of psychopathology. Select the correct alternative:

ID: 1022741•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial•
2024

Regarding the surgical treatment of maxillofacial fractures, it is essential to consider both the function and aesthetics of the patient. Select the correct alternative:

ID: 1022731•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Enfermagem•
2024

The cell is a fundamental component of the organism, capable of maintaining homeostasis to ensure normal functioning. Which of the following statements correctly describes what happens when the cell exceeds the limits of adaptive response and faces adverse conditions?

ID: 1022740•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial•
2024

Orthognathic surgery aims not only at aesthetic improvement but also at functional enhancement, requiring detailed planning that involves orthodontic diagnosis and advanced radiographic examinations. Regarding the principles that guide this surgery, analyze the following statements:

I.In patients with mandibular retrognathia, mandibular advancement performed during orthognathic surgery can improve not only occlusion but also the patency of the upper airways, helping in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.
II.The use of computed tomography and three-dimensional digital planning is crucial for the accuracy of bone cuts and for predicting final results in orthognathic surgery, being the preferred method for detailed predictions of postoperative occlusion and facial profile.
III.After orthognathic surgery, the use of fixation devices such as plates and screws is always temporary, and they must be removed after complete bone healing to avoid complications.

Select the correct alternative:

ID: 1022735•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Fisioterapia•
2024

The range of motion (ROM) is the amount of movement a joint can perform. Regarding the subject, judge thefollowing statements as true (T) or false (F):

(__)ROM is the amount of movement a joint can perform, and to measure this range, the initial position is the anatomical position, except for rotational movements;
(__)In active movement, the range of motion is achieved through the patient's own strength, without external assistance, depending on muscle contraction;
(__)Passive movement does not involve muscle contraction and is performed by an external force, such as an occupational therapist, to achieve the joint's range of motion.

Select the alternative in which the respective order of judgment is correct:

ID: 1023189•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
Prefeitura de Santa Leopoldina ES•
Professor de Língua Inglesa•
2024

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.


Gigantic skull of prehistoric sea monster found on England's 'Jurassic Coast'


The remarkably well-preserved skull of a gigantic pliosaur, a prehistoric sea monster, has been discovered on a beach in the county of Dorset in southern England, and it could reveal secrets about these awe-inspiring creatures.


Pliosaurs dominated the oceans at a time when dinosaurs roamed the land. The unearthed fossil is about 150 million years old, almost 3 million years younger than any other pliosaur fins. Researchers are analyzing the specimen to determine whether it could even be a species new to science.


Originally spotted in spring 2022, the fossil, along with its complicated excavation and ongoing scientific investigation, are now detailed in the upcoming BBC documentary "Attenborough and the Jurassic Sea Monster" presented by legendary naturalist Sir David Attenborough, that will air February 14 on PBS.


Such was the enormous size of the carnivorous marine reptile that the skull, excavated from a cliff along Dorset's "Jurassic Coast", is almost 2 meters (6.6 feet) ling. In its fossilized form, the specimen weighs over half a metric ton. Pliosaurs species could grow to 15 meters (50 feet) in length, according to Encyclopaedia Britannica.


The fossil was buried deep in the cliff, about 11 meters (36 feet) above the ground and 15 meters (49 feet) down the cliff, local paleontologist Steve Etches, who helped uncover it, told the CNN in a video call.


Extracting it proved a perilous task, one fraught with danger as a crew raced against the clock during a window of good weather before summer storms closed in and the cliff eroded, possibly taking the rare and significant fossil with it.


Etches first learned of the fossil's existence when his friend Philip Jacobs called him after coming across the pliosaur's snout on the beach. Right from the start, they were "quite excited, because its jaws closed together which indicates (the fossil) is complete," Etches said.


After using drones to map the cliff and identify the rest of the pliosaur's precise position, Etches and his team embarked on a three-week operation, chiseling into the cliff while suspended in midair.


"It's a miracle we got it out," he said, "because we had one last day to get this thing out, which we did at 9:30 p.m."


Etches took on the task of painstakingly restoring the skull. There was a time he found "very disillusioning" as the mud, and bone, had cracked, but "over the following days and weeks, it was a case of ..., like a jigsaw, putting it all back. It took a long time but every bit of bone we got back in."


It's a "freak of nature" that this fossil remains in such good condition, Etches added. "It died in the right environment, there was a lot of sedimentation ... so when it died and went down to the seafloor, it got buried quite quickly."


Fearsome top predator of the seas


The nearly intact fossil illuminates the characteristics that made the pliosaur a truly fearsome predator, hunting prey such as the dolphinlike ichthyosaur. The apex predator with huge razor-sharp teeth used as a variety of senses, including sensory pits still visible on its skull that may have allowed it to detect changes in water pressure, according to the documentary.


The pliosaur had a bite twice as powerful as a saltwater crocodile, which has the world's most powerful jaws today, according to Emily Rayfield, a professor of paleobiology at the University of Bristol in the United Kingdom who appeared in the documentary. The prehistoric marine predator would have been able to cut into a car, she said.


Andre Rowe, a postdoctoral research associate of paleobiology at the University of Bristol, added that "the animal would have been so massive that I think it would have been able to prey effectively on anything that was unfortunate enough to be in its space."


By Issy Ronald, CNN

Published December 11, 2023

Available on https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/11/world/skull-pliosaur-fo
What's the main subject of the presented text? Mark the CORRECT answer.

ID: 1022736•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Nutrição•
2024

Regarding nutritional therapy in cancer patients, analyze the statement below:

Nutritional therapy is indicated if cancer patients cannot adequately eat any food for more than a week, or less than___of the requirement for more than 2 weeks. We recommend enteral nutrition if oral nutrition remains inadequate despite nutritional interventions.
(https://braspenjournal.org/article/6537d09ea95395083b1a5db3/ pdf/braspen-34-1%2C+Supl+1-6537d09ea95395083b1a5db3.pdf)

The alternative that completes the sentence correctly is:

ID: 1022732•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Fisioterapia•
2024

Contusion is a traumatic injury exerted on a region of the body by a blunt object, in which the skin remains intact and does not lose its continuity. Regarding the subject, judge the following statements as true (T) or false (F):

(__)Third-degree contusions produce lesions in deeper tissues and may result in superficial necrosis, but not deep necrosis;
(__)Fourth-degree contusions are characterized by tissue mortification, including both superficial and deep necrosis, with the possibility of affecting the bone structure;
(__)Morel-Lavallée degloving injury is a special type of hematoma, produced by tangential trauma that causes the detachment of soft tissues between the subcutaneous cellular tissue and the fascia lata, creating a free space filled with blood collection.

Select the alternative in which the respective order of judgment is correct:

ID: 1022738•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
HEG•
Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial•
2024

In dental practice, the use of pharmaceuticals, especially antimicrobials and analgesics, is an important part of treating infections and controlling postoperative pain. Regarding dental pharmacology and its indications, analyze the following propositions:

I.Prophylactic antibiotics should be routinely used in all invasive dental procedures to prevent infections, even in patients without systemic risk factors.
II.Analgesics such as paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen are commonly prescribed for pain management after dental extractions.
III.Prolonged and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials indentistry can lead to the development of bacterial resistance, making infections more difficult to treat in the future.

Assinale a alternativa correta:

ID: 1022917•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
OGMO Paranaguá PR•
Vigia•
2024

Read the dialogue below:

Safety Officer: Make sure the fenders are in place along the pier. We don't want any damage to the ship or the dock during mooring.
Engineer: Already checked. The fenders are positioned, and the mooring lines are ready to secure the ship once it arrives.
Safety Officer: Good. How's the condition of the gangway? The crew will need it for safe access once they dock.
Engineer: It's been inspected, and everything is in order. I'll also be monitoring the ship's propeller to ensure there's no obstruction during maneuvering.
Safety Officer: Perfect. Let's not forget to test the pumps. If there's any excess water from the last docking, we'll need to clear it immediately.
Engineer: Already on it. Everything will be in place by the time the ship enters the harbor.
Which of the following terms refers to the ropes used to secure a ship to the dock?
Imprimir Questões
Página 2