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ID: 851370•
Inglês•
Interpretação de Texto•
AMEOSC•
Prefeitura de Guaraciaba SC Professor Inglês•
2020

Read the text below to answer the following question

Even the deepest, coldest parts of the ocean are getting warmer

    Thermometers moored at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean recorded an average temperature increase of about 0.02 degrees Celsius over the last decade. That warming may be a consequence of human-driven climate change, which has boosted ocean temperatures near the surface, but it’s unclear since so little is known about the deepest, darkest parts of the ocean.
    “The deep ocean, below about 2,000 meters, is not very well observed,” says Chris Meinen, an oceanographer at the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The deep sea is so hard to reach that the temperature at any given research site is typically taken only once per decade. But Meinen’s team measured temperatures hourly from 2009 to 2019 using seafloor sensors at four spots in the Argentine Basin, off the coast of Uruguay.
    Temperature records for the two deepest spots revealed a clear trend of warming over that decade. This warming is much weaker than in the upper ocean, Meinen says, but he also notes that since warm water rises, it would take a lot of heat to generate even this little bit of warming so deep.
    It’s too soon to judge whether human activity or natural variation is the cause, Meinen says. Continuing to monitor these sites and comparing the records with data from devices in other ocean basins may help to clarify matters.
(Adapted from: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/ocean-warming-deepest-coldest-temperature).
The average temperature increase recorded is:

ID: 691435•
Inglês•
FUNDATEC•
Prefeitura de Sapucaia do Sul RS•
Professor Área II Língua Portuguesa•
2019

Instruction: Answer questions 31 to 40 based on the following text.
                  This Chrome extension lets you learn a new language by watching Netflix
01     Learning a new language through immersion doesn’t mean you have to pack your bags and
02 move to Europe for three months. Now, you just need to turn __ Netflix. Language Learning with
03 Netflix is a Chrome extension that lets you watch shows with two subtitles on __ the same time
04 so you can visually pair translations with dialogue and learn some new vocabulary in the process.
05 Its a clever service that makes use of Netflix’s massive catalogue and all of the major languages
06 in which it already offers subtitles, including Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian,
07 Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, and Turkish.
08     The extension was created by developers David Wilkinson and Ognjen Apic who experimented
09 with making their own language learning software before collaborating on Language Learning with
10 Netflix. “For some languages (Farsi, for example), there’s only a limited amount of learning
11 materials available”, Wilkinson said in an email. “I think a lot of people would enjoy studying a
12 language with material they are already familiar with”.
13     The tool works best as a supplement for people who already have some basic understanding
14 of the language they’re learning. There’s a vocabulary-highlighting feature that greys out less
15 common words, which is adjustable to match your vocabulary level. Hovering over a word
16 produces a pop-up dictionary, and clicking the word lets you hear it. You can also slow down the
17 dialogue or automatically pause playback at the end of every subtitle, so you can learn line by
18 line. There’s even a catalogue of recommendations for movies and shows that are good to study.
19     The Chrome extension is free to use, but Wilkinson and Apic’s product is expected to have
20 more features, like additional subtitles __ dubbed dialogue, which would only be available for paid
21 users. “Netflix has alternative audio tracks for many well-known series, but the subtitles in other
22 languages don’t match the audio”, Wilkinson said. “We’re considering creating new subtitles for
23 these alternative audio tracks, so you could study German, for example, with Breaking Bad with
24 matching German audio and subtitles”.
25     One of the few downsides is that the tool only works on Google Chrome, so you can’t use it
26 with your Netflix app on tablets or streaming services like Roku or Apple TV. Hopefully, the service
27 can make it’s way beyond browsers soon because it’s obvious that the potential __ language
28 learning through media is huge. Viki, a streaming service for Asian dramas, implemented a “Learn
29     Mode” in 2017 that essentially does the same thing by showing two subtitles at once. The
30 developers say they haven’t contacted Netflix yet, but “the project could likely go faster and
31 further with their support”.
(Source: https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/12/18220289/language-learning-netflix-chrome-extension-two-subtitles – Adapted)
Consider the following sentences from the text:
I. “Its a clever service that makes use of Netflix’s massive catalogue” (l.05).
II. “there’s only a limited amount of learning materials available” (l.10-11).
III. “Hopefully, the service can make it’s way beyond browsers soon” (l.26-27).
Which ones DON’T have grammar mistakes?

ID: 485640•
Inglês•
Gramática•
CETRO•
IMBEL•
Advogado Tributarista

From questions 13 to 15, fill in the blanks with the correct alternative

Would you consider ……………..steel framing in a construction?

ID: 156941•
Inglês•
EN•
Escola Naval•
Oficial da Marinha

Based on the text below, answer questions 28 and 29.(( The turning tide for the turtles

With their exquisite shells, their smiling faces, their deliberate movements, and their amazing sea–born agility, sea turtles have always captured human imagination. Once severely endangered, turtle populations are growing steadily thanks to conservation projects worldwide. And with more than 8000 km of coastline, large stretches of which are favorite nesting spots for turtles, Brazil is one of the leaders in the race to protect them. (Adapted from http//www.speakup.com.br)

Choose the only alternative which is correct.

ID: 485433•
Inglês•
Gramática•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
SGA DF•
Professor de Inglês

With regard to verb tenses and verb forms, judge the items below.

In “He stopped smoking” and in “He stopped to smoke”, the meaning is the same because the verb “to stop” accepts both the infinitive and the gerund forms.

ID: 228679•
Inglês•
Significado das Palavras•
CESGRANRIO•
BNDES•
Profissional Básico Análise de Sistemas Desenvolvimento

Green is the hot topic these days, and the concept
is having an impact on the way people think about
datacenters. Companies around the world are
announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by
5 buying new hardware and services. Yet, there is little
guidance on how you can take action to control energy
costs. In the past, electricity has been treated as an
overhead expense, like the cost of space. But with rising
power costs and issues regarding reliability, supply, and
10 capacity, electricity requires its own specific strategy.
Projects regarding performance optimization and
cost reduction are a part of everyday best practices

The correct opposites for the words "hot" (line 1) and "wasteful" (line 27) as they are used in the text are, respectively:

ID: 684898•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EEAR•
Sargento da Aeronáutica Aeronavegantes e Não Aeronavegantes•
2019

I am from New Zealand, which is _____ country that is in _____ Pacific Ocean. Wellington is _____ name of _____ capital of my country.
Choose the best alternative to complete the blanks in the text.

ID: 30626•
Inglês•
QUADRIX•
DATAPREV•
Analista de Tecnologia da Informação

Read the text below to answer question.

Self-repairing software tackles malware

     University of Utah computer scientists have developed software that not only detects and eradicates never-before-seen viruses and other malware, but also automatically repairs damage caused by them. The software then prevents the invader from ever infecting the computer
again.
     A3 is a software suite that works with a virtual machine - a virtual computer that emulates the operations of a computer without dedicated hardware. The A3 software is designed to watch over the virtual machines operating system and applications, says Eric Eide, University of Utah research assistant professor of computer science leading the university s A3 team with U computer science associate professor John Regehr. A3 is designed to protect servers or similar business-grade computers that run on the Linux operating system. It also has been demonstrated to protect military applications.
     The new software called A3, or Advanced Adaptive Applications, was co-developed by Massachusetts-based defense contractor, Raytheon BBN. The four-year project was completed in late September.
     There are no plans to adapt A3 for home computers or laptops, but Eide says this could be possible in the future.
     "A3 technologies could find their way into consumer products someday, which would help consumer devices protect themselves against fast-spreading malware or internal corruption of software components. But we havent tried those experiments yet," he says.
     Unlike a normal virus scanner on consumer PCs that compares a catalog of known viruses to something that has infected the computer, A3 can detect new, unknown viruses or malware automatically by sensing that something is occurring in the computer s operation that is not correct. It then can stop the virus, approximate a repair for the damaged software code, and then learn to never let that bug enter the machine gain.
     While the military has an interest in A3 to enhance cybersecurity for its mission-critical systems, A3 also potentially could be used in the consumer space, such as in web services like Amazon. If a virus or attack stops the service, A3 could repair it in minutes without having to take the servers down.

Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com
Read the following statements about the text:

I. A3 works exactly the same way as a normal virus scanner on consumer PCs.
II. The A3 software already found their way into consumer products and cloud-computing.
III. The software is designed to protect military servers that run on the Linux operating system.
IV. A3 only stops the virus and repairs the damaged software code.

According to the text:

ID: 5045•
Inglês•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
SERPRO•
Técnico de enfermagem

     It now seems to me that what matters most in the majority
of organizations is to have reasonably intelligent, hard-working
managers who have a sense of pride and loyalty toward their
organization; who can get to the root of a problem and are inclined
toward action; who are decent human beings with a natural empathy
and concern for people; who possess humor, humility, and common
sense; and who are able to couple drive with stick-to-it-iveness* and
patience in the accomplishment of a goal.
     It is the ability to make positive things happen that most
distinguishes the successful manager from the mediocre or
unsuccessful one. It is far better to have dependable managers who
can make the right things happen in a timely fashion than to have
brilliant, sophisticated, highly educated executives who are excellent
at planning and analyzing, but who are not so good at implementing.
The most cherished manager is the one who says “I can do it,” and
then does.
     Many business schools continue to focus almost exclusively
on the development of analytical skills. As a result, these schools are
continuing to graduate large numbers of students who know a great
deal about analyzing strategies, dissecting balance sheets, and using
computers — but who still don’t know how to manage!
     As a practical matter, of course, schools can go only so far
in teaching their students to manage. Only actual work experience
will fully develop the kinds of managerial traits, skills, and virtues
that I have discussed here.

*the ability and determination to continue doing something despite difficulties.
Wegman, Knezevic, Bernstein. A reading skills book, 3.d
ed. Mac Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the items below.
Most organizations are now interested in reasonably intelligent workers and who work hard.

ID: 485359•
Inglês•
Gramática•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
SGA DF•
Professor de Inglês

As regards language teaching methods, judge the following items.

In Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), the target language is a vehicle for classroom communication, not just the object of study. That is one of the reasons why the use of the mother tongue should be handled sensibly and carefully.

ID: 847384•
Inglês•
Interpretação de Texto•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
Analista de Tecnologia da Informação•
2020

       Despite being the eighth largest economy in the world and the largest in Latin America, Brazil is still relatively closed compared to other large economies. Brazil is an outlier in that its trade penetration is extremely low, with trade at 24.1 percent of GDP in 2017. The number of exporters relative to the population is also very small: its absolute number of exporters is roughly the same as that of Norway, a country with approximately 5 million people compared to Brazil’s 200 million. While further integrating into the global economy could threaten uncompetitive companies and their workers, competitive businesses would most likely benefit. Brazil’s insertion would also allow the country to better leverage its competitive advantages, such as in natural resource-based industries.


Idem. Ibidem (adapted).

Judge the following items, based on the text above.

The text cites Norway as an example of a country with a similar number of exporters and total population as Brazil.

ID: 112015•
Inglês•
Semântica•
CESGRANRIO•
EPE•
Analista de Gestão Corporativa Tecnologia da Informação

Imagem 003.jpg

Based on the meanings of the words taken from Text 1, the relationship in each pair is defined as

ID: 847778•
Inglês•
Vocabulário•
AMEOSC•
Prefeitura de Iporã do Oeste SC Professor de Inglês•
2020

Read the text below to answer the question.


How octopuses ‘taste’ things by touching


   Octopus arms have minds of their own. Each of these eight supple yet powerful limbs can explore the seafloor in search of prey, snatching crabs from hiding spots without direction from the octopus’ brain. But how each arm can tell what it’s grasping has remained a mystery.

   Now, researchers have identified specialized cells not seen in other animals that allow octopuses to “taste” with their arms. Embedded in the suckers, these cells enable the arms to do double duty of touch and taste by detecting chemicals produced by many aquatic creatures. This may help an arm quickly distinguish food from rocks or poisonous prey, Harvard University molecular biologist Nicholas Bellono and his colleagues report online October 29 in Cell.

   The findings provide another clue about the unique evolutionary path octopuses have taken toward intelligence. Instead of being concentrated in the brain, two-thirds of the nerve cells in an octopus are distributed among the arms, allowing the flexible appendages to operate semiindependently.


 (Adapted from: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/octopus-taste-touch-arm-suckers). 

In the text, the word “octopus” means, in Portuguese:

ID: 23744•
Inglês•
VUNESP•
CETESB•
Engenheiro Ambiental

3 Homemade Natural Cleaning Products

One of my earliest memories is of my mother cleaning with what looked to me like cooking ingredients. She would be listening to the radio as she poured baking soda, lemon, and vinegar combinations on the surfaces of our home. Magically these natural cleaning products kept our home clean and smelling fresh, without stretching an already thin household budget. Here are a few basic household ingredients and items you can use to clean your home.

Vinegar naturally cleans like an all-purpose cleaner. Mix a solution of 1 part water to 1 part vinegar in a new store bought spray bottle and you have a solution that will clean most areas of your home. Vinegar is a great natural cleaning product as well as a disinfectant and deodorizer. Always test on an inconspicuous area. It is safe to use on most surfaces and has the added bonus of being incredibly cheap. Improperly diluted vinegar is acidic and can eat away at tile grout. Never use vinegar on marble surfaces. Don"t worry about your home smelling like vinegar. The smell disappears when it dries.

Lemon juice is another natural substance that can be used to clean your home. Lemon juice can be used to dissolve soap scum and hard water deposits. Lemon is a great substance to clean and shine brass and copper. Lemon juice can be mixed with vinegar and or baking soda to make cleaning pastes. Cut a lemon in half and sprinkle baking soda on the cut section. Use the lemon to scrub dishes, surfaces, and stains.

Baking soda can be used to scrub surfaces in much the same way as commercial abrasive cleansers. Baking soda is great as a deodorizer. Place a box in the refrigerator and freezer to absorb odors. Put it anywhere you need deodorizing action. Try these three kitchen ingredients as natural cleaning products in your home.

(http://housekeeping.about.com/cs/environment/a/alternateclean.30.10.2009. Adaptado)
According to the text, the natural cleaning products are

ID: 837856•
Inglês•
Verbos•
OMNI•
Professor de Ensino Fundamental•
2021

Assinale a alternativa a qual o verbo "to like" está no simple past:

ID: 681960•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EEAR•
Sargento da Aeronáutica Controle de Tráfego Aéreo•
2019

                               Evacuations as typhoon hits China coast
                More   than   200,000    people _____________ evacuated   as   a
       typhoon    made    landfall  on  China’s  east coast, state media say.
       Typhoon    Yagi    hit    China’s    Zhejiang   province  shortly  before
       midnight   on   Sunday packing winds of up to 102km/h, the official
       Xinhua    news    agency    reports,  citing   provincial   flood control
       headquarters.
                A    total     of    204,949  people  in 10 cities, including Taizhou,
       Zhoushan, and Wenzhou, have been evacuated and almost 21,000
       fishing boats called back to port, it said.
                The   storm    will    also   bring   heavy   rain and will gradually
       weaken   as   it   moves slowly inland to the northwest, Xinhua said.
       Summer     is    China’s    typhoon     season,    although    casualties
       ____________ minimised    in    recent    years   by   early government
       planning and evacuations from potencial danger zones.
                                                                        Adapted from www.news.com.
According to the text, we can infer that

ID: 25109•
Inglês•
FUVEST•
USP•
Vestibular USP

Working for on demand startups like Uber and TaskRabbit is supposed to offer flexible hours and higher wages, but many workers have found the pay lower and the hours less flexible than they expected. Even more surprising: 8 percent of those chauffeuring passengers and 16 percent of those making deliveries said they lack personal autoinsurance.

Those are among the findings from a survey about the work life of independent contractors for on-demand startups, a booming sector of the tech industry, being released Wednesday.

"We want to shed light on the industry as a whole," said Isaac Madan, a Stanford master s candidate in bioinformatics who worked with two other Stanford students and a recent alumnus on the survey of 1,330 workers. "People need to understand how this space will change and evolve and help the economy."

On-demand, often called the sharing economy, refers to companies that let users summon workers via smartphone apps to handle all manner of services: rides, cleaning, chores, deliveries, car parking, waiting in lines. Almost uniformly, those workers are independent contractors rather than salaried employees.

That status is the main point of contention in a recent rash of lawsuits in which workers are filing for employee status. While the survey did not directly ask

contractors if they would prefer to be employees, it found that their top workplace desires were to have paid health insurance, retirement benefits and paid time off for holidays, vacation and sick days - all perks of full time workers. Respondents also expressed interest in having more chances for advancement, education sponsorship, disability insurance and human relations support. Because respondents were recruited rather than randomly selected, the survey does not claim to be representational but a conclusion one may come to is that flexibility ofnew jobs comes with a cost. Not all workers are prepared for that!

SFChronicle.com and SFGate.com, May 20, 2015. Adaptado
Outro resultado da mesma pesquisa indica que

ID: 486193•
Inglês•
Língua Inglesa e Educação•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
Secretaria Municipal de Administração de Vitória ES•
Professor de Educação Básica III

As far as the practice of language teaching is concerned, judge the items below. It is important to teach a student how to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words based on the context in which they appear. It is crucial to effective reading.
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