Questões de Concursos

filtre e encontre questões para seus estudos.

ID: 1022523•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
AMEOSC•
Prefeitura de Belmonte SC•
Professor de Inglês•
2024

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.


Exceptional Noise Cancellation

The AirPods Pro deliver excellent noise cancellation, but you might notice that the ANC seems weak initially. Simply wait a few seconds. The earphones first need to measure the surrounding noise and create a custom ANC profile appropriate for your current environment. And then, when it kicks in, it's exceptional. Another positive note—the ANC doesn't seem to introduce any noticeable hiss in quiet settings, which cheap earphones often use as a crutch.

In my tests, the AirPods Pro dramatically lowered powerful low-frequency rumble (like you hear on an airplane) after an initial adjustment period. In some of our deep rumble tests, the AirPods even matched the performance of the $299 Bose QuietComfort Earbuds, which is impressive.

What's even more impressive is that, in some tests, the AirPods Pro fare better than the QuietComfort Earbuds. The problem, if you can call it one, is consistency, and something I experienced with the AirPods Max as well. The latter are also capable of shockingly effective noise cancellation, but sometimes a slight head turn can reduce their efficacy. The AirPods Pro are more likely to remain effective after the initial adjustment, but sometimes the resulting profile didn't impress me. But, to their credit, a slight change to the in-ear fit can induce a far more competent noise cancellation profile. So don't be afraid to play around with how the earpieces sit in your ear if the ANC isn't initially impressive.


https://www.pcmag.com
Based on the text, what is the role of the initial adjustment period in the effectiveness of the AirPods Pro's noise cancellation?

ID: 1023297•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
FGV•
TCE SP•
TI•
2023

Is It Live, or Is It Deepfake?


It’s been four decades since society was in awe of the quality of recordings available from a cassette recorder tape. Today we have something new to be in awe of: deepfakes. Deepfakes include hyperrealistic videos that use artificial intelligence (AI) to create fake digital content that looks and sounds real. The word is a portmanteau of “deep learning” and “fake.” Deepfakes are everywhere: from TV news to advertising, from national election campaigns to wars between states, and from cybercriminals’ phishing campaigns to insurance claims that fraudsters file. And deepfakes come in all shapes and sizes — videos, pictures, audio, text, and any other digital material that can be manipulated with AI. One estimate suggests that deepfake content online is growing at the rate of 400% annually.


There appear to be legitimate uses of deepfakes, such as in the medical industry to improve the diagnostic accuracy of AI algorithms in identifying periodontal disease or to help medical professionals create artificial patients (from real patient data) to safely test new diagnoses and treatments or help physicians make medical decisions. Deepfakes are also used to entertain, as seen recently on America’s Got Talent, and there may be future uses where deepfake could help teachers address the personal needs and preferences of specific students.


Unfortunately, there is also the obvious downside, where the most visible examples represent malicious and illegitimate uses. Examples already exist.


Deepfakes also involve voice phishing, also known as vishing, which has been among the most common techniques for cybercriminals. This technique involves using cloned voices over the phone to exploit the victim’s professional or personal relationships by impersonating trusted individuals. In March 2019, cybercriminals were able to use a deepfake to fool the CEO of a U.K.-based energy firm into making a US$234,000 wire transfer. The British CEO who was victimized thought that the person speaking on the phone was the chief executive of the firm’s German parent company. The deepfake caller asked him to transfer the funds to a Hungarian supplier within an hour, emphasizing that the matter was extremely urgent. The fraudsters used AI-based software to successfully imitate the German executive’s voice. […]


What can be done to combat deepfakes? Could we create deepfake detectors? Or create laws or a code of conduct that probably would be ignored?


There are tools that can analyze the blood flow in a subject’s face and then compare it to human blood flow activity to detect a fake. Also, the European Union is working on addressing manipulative behaviors.


There are downsides to both categories of solutions, but clearly something needs to be done to build trust in this emerging and disruptive technology. The problem isn’t going away. It is only increasing.


Authors


Nit Kshetri, Bryan School of Business and Economics, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA


Joanna F. DeFranco, Software Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Malvern, PA, USA Jeffrey Voas, NIST, USA


Adapted from: https://www.computer.org/csdl/magazine/co/2023/07/10154234/ 1O1wTOn6ynC
Based on the text, mark the statements below as true (T) or false (F).

( ) Deepfakes are circumscribed to certain areas of action.
( ) The sole aim of deepfake technology is to spread misinformation.
( ) Evidence shows that even high-ranking executives can be easy targets to vishing techniques.

The statements are, respectively:

ID: 1023301•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
CESGRANRIO•
Transpetro•
Eletricista•
2023

Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry


1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to meet this increased demand. The following are some of the most promising trends and innovations currently taking place in the maritime shipping industry:

2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green technology. With increasing public awareness of the need to protect the environment, it is becoming increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt green practices. Maritime companies invest in cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil (HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce emissions further. While battery-powered ships are not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they show great promise for use on shorter routes.

3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually, accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it is only a matter of time before electric ships become the norm.

4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in maritime shipping is the development of autonomous ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages over traditional vessels, including reduced operating costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships. In addition, automated systems are less susceptible to human error than their manual counterparts. While there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially, they are expected to eventually become a common sight in the world’s oceans.

5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is also beginning to make its way into the maritime shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential benefits for maritime companies, including improved tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their location- this would minimize delays caused by lost or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover, blockchain-based smart contracts could automate many administrative tasks related to shipping, such as documentation and billing.

6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another major trend transforming maritime shipping is the increasing use of big data and predictive analytics. The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly. Big data analytics can improve everything from route planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the power of data, shipping companies can optimize their operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable for identifying potential problems before they occur, such as equipment failures or weather hazards.

7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing concern for maritime companies due to the increased reliance on digital systems and networks. As the shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized, companies must implement robust cybersecurity measures to protect their vessels and cargo from attack. Ships are now equipped with everything from satellite communications to remote monitoring capabilities, all of which create potential cyber vulnerabilities.

8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is undergoing a period of significant change, with new technologies and trends emerging that have the potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods around the world.


Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
In the fifth paragraph of the text, the author states that “blockchain” is a technology that can

ID: 1023559•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
AGIRH•
Prefeitura de Cunha SP•
Professor de Inglês•
2023

Text: “Why do people collect?”

Petra Engels owns 19,571 erasers, Carol Vaughn has 1,221 bars of soap, and Ralf Shrőder has a collection of 14,502 packets of sugar. Many people love to collect things, but why? Psychologists and collectors have different opinions.

The psychologist Carl Jung believed that collecting is part of our ancient human history. Thousands of years ago, humans collected nuts and berries. They kept them carefully and ate them when there was no food. The best collectors survived long cold winters or seasons without rain. Their genes passed to future generations. Nowadays, we still have a collecting instinct.

Historian Philipp Bloom has a different opinion. He thinks collectors want to make something that will remain after their death. By bringing many similar items together, the collector gains historical importance. Sometimes their collections become museums or libraries, for example, Henry Huntington, who founded a library in Los Angeles to house his collection of books.

Author Steve Roach thinks that people collect things to remember their childhood. Many children collect things, but few have enough money to buy the things they really want, and they lose interest. In later life, they remember their collections fondly. Now, they have enough money and opportunity to find special items, and they start collecting again. This way, they can re-live and enjoy their childhood years.

Art collector, Werner Muensterberger, agrees that collecting is linked to childhood. But he believes we collect in order to feel safe and secure. While babies hold blankets or toys to feel safe when their mother isn’t there, adults collect things to stop feeling lonely or anxious.

Autograph collector Mark Baker agrees that collecting is emotional, but he doesn’t collect to reduce anxiety. “For me, it’s the excitement,” he says. “I love trying to get a famous person’s autograph. Sometimes I succeed, and sometimes I fail. Also, by collecting autographs, I feel connected to famous people. I don’t just watch them on television. I actually meet them.”

These are just a few reasons for collecting. Do you know any people with collections? Why do they collect?

Questions related to the text above

What does Petra Engels collect?

ID: 1022026•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
Instituto Rio Branco•
Tarde•
2024

Text II


This book wants to show the newcomer the lie of the land without confusing him with details. In writing it I thought first and foremost of readers in their teens. But I have never believed that books for young people should differ from books for adults except for the fact that they must reckon with the most exacting class of critics, critics who are quick to detect and resent any trace of pretentious jargon or bogus sentiment. I know from experience that these are the vices which may render people suspicious of all writings. I have striven to use plain language even at the risk of sounding casual or unprofessional. I hope that no reader will attribute my decision to get along with a minimum of the art historian’s conventional terms to any desire on my part of ‘talking down’ to him. Apart from this decision, I have tried to follow a number of more specific self-imposed rules, such as limiting myself to real works of art and cutting out anything which might merely be interesting as a specimen of taste or fashion. This decision entailed a considerable sacrifice of literary effects. Praise is so much duller than criticism, and the inclusion of some amusing monstrosities might have offered some light relief. Thus, while I do not claim that all the works illustrated represent the highest standard of perfection, I did make an effort not to include anything which I considered to be without a peculiar merit of its own.

A second rule also demanded a little self-denial. I vowed to resist any temptation to be original in my selection, lest the well-known masterpieces be crowded out by my own personal favourites. This book, after all, is not intended merely as an anthology of beautiful things; it is meant for those who look for bearings in a new field, and for them the familiar appearance of apparently ‘hackneyed’ examples may serve as welcome landmarks.

One more rule I have followed. When in doubt I have always preferred to discuss a work which I had seen in the original rather than one I knew only from photographs. I should have liked to make this an absolute rule, but I did not want the reader to be penalized by the accidents of travel restrictions which sometimes dog the life of the art-lover.


E. H. Gombrich. The Story of Art. Phaidon, New York – London: 1995, p. 7-8 (adapted).

Considering text II, judge whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).

By stating that he wants to show the reader “the lie of the land” (first sentence of the text), the author means that he wants to inform the reader of the rules he followed in writing the book.

ID: 1022030•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
Instituto Rio Branco•
Tarde•
2024

Text II


This book wants to show the newcomer the lie of the land without confusing him with details. In writing it I thought first and foremost of readers in their teens. But I have never believed that books for young people should differ from books for adults except for the fact that they must reckon with the most exacting class of critics, critics who are quick to detect and resent any trace of pretentious jargon or bogus sentiment. I know from experience that these are the vices which may render people suspicious of all writings. I have striven to use plain language even at the risk of sounding casual or unprofessional. I hope that no reader will attribute my decision to get along with a minimum of the art historian’s conventional terms to any desire on my part of ‘talking down’ to him. Apart from this decision, I have tried to follow a number of more specific self-imposed rules, such as limiting myself to real works of art and cutting out anything which might merely be interesting as a specimen of taste or fashion. This decision entailed a considerable sacrifice of literary effects. Praise is so much duller than criticism, and the inclusion of some amusing monstrosities might have offered some light relief. Thus, while I do not claim that all the works illustrated represent the highest standard of perfection, I did make an effort not to include anything which I considered to be without a peculiar merit of its own.

A second rule also demanded a little self-denial. I vowed to resist any temptation to be original in my selection, lest the well-known masterpieces be crowded out by my own personal favourites. This book, after all, is not intended merely as an anthology of beautiful things; it is meant for those who look for bearings in a new field, and for them the familiar appearance of apparently ‘hackneyed’ examples may serve as welcome landmarks.

One more rule I have followed. When in doubt I have always preferred to discuss a work which I had seen in the original rather than one I knew only from photographs. I should have liked to make this an absolute rule, but I did not want the reader to be penalized by the accidents of travel restrictions which sometimes dog the life of the art-lover.


E. H. Gombrich. The Story of Art. Phaidon, New York – London: 1995, p. 7-8 (adapted).

Based on text II, judge whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).

It can be correctly concluded from the excerpt “Praise is so much duller than criticism” (ninth sentence of the first paragraph) that the author wishes to write a book criticizing what he considers “monstrosities”.

ID: 1022032•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
Instituto Rio Branco•
Tarde•
2024

Text III


Aside from the difficulties of operating a decidedly multinational staff organization, once it is formed, the problem of reconciling the principle of equitable geographical distribution of recruits with that of “securing the highest standards of efficiency, competence, and integrity” is a formidable one. This delicate task was politically imposed upon the League of Nations secretary-general, and is constitutionally required of his counterpart in the United Nations.

For better or for worse, recruitment policy cannot be based exclusively upon the criterion of the individual’s personal qualifications; in the field of international employment, the relevant irrelevancy is not “whom do you know” but “where are you from?” From a strictly administrative point of view, there is some positive value in securing broad nationality distribution, even at the expense of sheer quality; for some purposes, a slightly incompetent man’s nationality may make him more useful than a more expert civil servant of inappropriate nationality.

For the most part, however, the Charter principle of geographical distribution is a concession to political necessity. It licenses a kind of international spoils system in which states seek to nourish their national self-esteem by securing an adequate quota of international jobs for their citizens. Ironically, perhaps, because it is politically necessary it is also politically and administratively desirable; what shall it profit an international organization to maintain its administrative purity and lose its own members or their political support?


Inis L. and Claude Jr. Swords into Plowshares: The Problems and Progress of International Organization. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984, pp. 196-197 (adapted).

Regarding text III, judge whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).

The author of the text considers that, more than the competence of the applicants or their nationality, it is their political connections — who they know — that has the greatest impact on their chance of being recruited for international jobs.

ID: 1022036•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
Instituto Rio Branco•
Tarde•
2024

Text IV


In the middle of July, Roger was making his first ministerial speech. I did not need reminding, having drafted enough of them, how much speeches mattered — to parliamentary bosses, to any kind of tycoon. Draft after draft: the search for the supreme, the impossible, the more than Flaubertian perfection; the scrutiny for any phrase that said more than it ought to say, so that each speech at the end was bound, by the law of official inexplicitness, to be more porridge-like than when it started out in its first draft. I had always hated writing drafts for other people, and nowadays got out of it. To Hector, to Douglas, it was part of the job, which they took with their usual patience, their usual lack of egotism: when a minister crossed out their sharp, clear English and went in for a literary composition of his own, they gave a wintry smile and let it stand.


C. P. Snow. Corridors of Power. London: Penguin Books, 1972, p. 31.
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text IV, judge whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).

The text suggests that, when their original drafts were modified by a minister, Hector and Douglas would stand up to him and insist on retaining the sharp, clear English of the original.

ID: 1089621•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
INEP•
PND•
Licenciatura•
2025

A Digital Learning Platform (DLP) is one effective avenue for enhancing language learning. It connects real learning resources with the digital world for teaching and learning. By converting as many physical learning resources into digital formats as possible, the DLP offers an innovative combination of different learning concepts and structures. It can also ensure that different groups of learners have equal access to learning resources through interaction, communication, and knowledge sharing.

DLPs have transformed English language learning with their numerous advantages, although there are also some notable drawbacks. These platforms offer unmatched accessibility and flexibility, enabling learners to access materials anytime and anywhere and to progress at their own pace. They feature diverse resources such as videos, interactive exercises, quizzes, and reading materials, with multimedia integration enhancing comprehension and retention. Personalized learning experiences are supported through adaptive technologies and immediate feedback. Gamification and interactive activities boost engagement and motivation, while cost-effectiveness and global networking opportunities are notable benefits.

However, there are downsides to consider. Digital platforms may lack the personal touch and immediate feedback of face-to-face interactions, potentially reducing social learning opportunities. Technical issues such as internet reliability and online distractions can pose barriers, requiring learners to stay disciplined and motivated. Quality and credibility can vary, raising concerns about fraudulent or poorly designed courses. Assessment challenges, including cheating and assessing practical language skills, also exist. Moreover, self-study can sometimes leave learners feeling isolated and struggling with complex topics. Balancing digital resources with other learning methods can help address these challenges and ensure a more comprehensive language learning experience.


POONPON, K. et al. TIGA-Based English Learning Platform for Language Learner Competency Development in a Digital
Environment. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, n. 6, June 30, 2024 (adapted).
According to the text, in order to develop multiliteracies, the platforms must be used to

ID: 1022046•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IGEDUC•
Prefeitura de Itapissuma PE•
Inglês•
2024

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à quesão.


ASTEROID WARNING Elon Musk's web of satellites make it harder to detect dangerous near-Earth asteroids, scientists warn

Elon Musk's web of satellites makes it harder to detect dangerous near-Earth asteroids, scientists have warned.

The number of satellites orbiting Earth has soared from just a few hundred in 1986 to 10,000 today.

Another tenfold increase is expected over the coming decade - much of it driven by Musk's Starlink network.

Starlink is a fleet of satellites which brings internet to people with little or no signal - including troops in Ukraine.

But more than 100 astronomers have now warned against launching more "megaconstellations" of satellites.

The boffins said clogging up the Earth's orbit with satellites could block their telescopes' view of outer space.

Professor Robert McMillan told Space: "Artificial satellites, even those invisible to the naked eye, can obstruct astronomical observations.

"These observations help detect asteroids and understand our place in the universe.

"The potentially long-term environmental harms of deploying tens of thousands of satellites are still unclear."

Light streaks from Starlink have dazzled a California telescope which scans the sky for exploding stars and dangerous near-Earth asteroids.

A study found that Musk's satellites could stop the Zwicky Transient Facility picking up asteroids coming from the sun.

Around one in five snaps from the huge telescope have been affected, Scientific American reports.

Expert Przemek Mróz said: "We don't expect Starlink satellites to affect non-twilight images.

"But if the satellite constellation of other companies goes into higher orbits, this could cause problems for non-twilight observations."

Co-author Tom Prince said: "There is a small chance that we would miss an asteroid or another event hidden behind a satellite streak."

https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/31609240/elon-musk-satellites-asteroidsscientists/

Choose the correct option that describes the genre of the given passage:

ID: 1024369•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
VUNESP•
UNICAMP•
Técnico de Edificações•
2024

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

A Construction Technician is a skilled professional involved in construction processes. They can be in general construction or more specialized roles such as drafting, inspecting, and managing, depending on their training or experience. After going through training programs, their scope may extend to monitoring build progress, preparing sites, and drafting blueprints using CAD software. Once they accumulate years of experience, they will be tasked with supervising the contracting team and project.

This professional’s responsibilities include: the management of all remodel activities; the enforcement of safety requirements to implement safety conditions at work site; the creation of reports about qualitative and quantitative methodologies; the hiring of contractors for maintenance work and upgrades.

Many hard and soft skills are essential for success and crucial for a construction technician’s day-to-day tasks. Because they have to interpret complex information and transform abstract ideas into tangible products, the number one technical skill necessary for success in construction is excellent communication skills, both receiving and delivering accurate and relevant information.

(https://www.zippia.com/construction-technician-jobs/.10.06.2024. Adaptado)
A expressão such as, em “roles such as” (1º parágrafo), introduz

ID: 1023602•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
FGV•
Prefeitura de Vitória ES•
Língua Inglesa•
2024

Read Text I and answer the fourteen questions that follow it

Text I The “literacy turn” in education: reexamining

what it means to be literate


In response to the phenomena of mass migration and the emergence of digital communications media that defined the last decade of the 20th century, the New London Group (NLG) called for a broader view of literacy and literacy teaching in its 1996 manifesto, A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies: Designing Social Futures. The group argued that literacy pedagogy in education must (1) reflect the increasing cultural and linguistic diversity of the contemporary globalized world, and (2) account for the new kinds of texts and textual engagement that have emerged in the wake of new information and multimedia technologies. In order to better capture the plurality of discourses, languages, and media, they proposed the term ‘multiliteracies’.

Within the NLG’s pedagogy of multiliteracies, language and other modes of communication are viewed as dynamic resources for meaning making that undergo constant changes in the dynamics of language use as learners attempt to achieve their own purposes. Within this broader view of literacy and literacy teaching, learners are no longer “users as decoders of language” but rather “designers of meaning.” Meaning is not viewed as something that resides in texts; rather, deriving meaning is considered an active and dynamic process in which learners combine and creatively apply both linguistic and other semiotic resources (e.g., visual, gesture, sound, etc.) with an awareness of “the sets of conventions connected with semiotic activity [...] in a given social space” (NLG, 1996, p. 74).

Grounded within the view that learning develops in social, cultural, and material contexts as a result of collaborative interactions, NLG argued that instantiating literacy-based teaching in classrooms calls on the complex integration and interaction of four pedagogical components that are neither hierarchical nor linear and can at times overlap: situated practice, overt instruction, critical framing, and transformed practice. […]

Although the NLG’s pedagogy of multiliteracies was conceived as a “statement of general principle” (1996, p. 89) for schools, the group’s call for educators to recognize the diversity and social situatedness of literacy has had a lasting impact on foreign language (FL) teaching and learning. The reception of the group’s work along with that of other scholars from critical pedagogy appeared at a time when the field was becoming less solidly anchored in theories of L2 acquisition and more interested in the social practice of FL education itself. In the section that follows, we describe the current state of FL literacy studies as it has developed in recent years, before finally turning to some very recent emerging trends that we are likely to see develop going forward.

(Adapted from: https://www.colorado.edu/center/altec/sites/default/files/ attachedfiles/moving_toward_multiliteracies_in_foreign_language_teaching.pdf)

According to the third paragraph, NLG’s pedagogy of multiliteracies finds its roots in

ID: 1022584•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
FGV•
EPE•
Bioenergia•
2024

Text I


Shock of the old: Believe it or not, battery-powered vehicles
have been around since Victorian times.

The history of the electric car is surprisingly enraging. If you imagine early electric vehicles at all (full disclosure: I didn’t until recently), it will probably be as the quixotic and possibly dangerous dream of a few eccentrics, maybe in the 1920s or 1930s, when domestic electrification became widespread. It’s easy to imagine some stiff-collared proto-Musk getting bored of hunting and affairs, eyeing his newly installed electric lights speculatively, then wreaking untold havoc and mass electrocutions. The reality is entirely different.

By 1900, a third of all cars on the road in the US were electric; we’re looking at the history of a cruelly missed opportunity, and it started astonishingly early. The Scottish engineer Robert Anderson had a go at an electric car of sorts way back in the 1830s, though his invention was somewhat stymied by the fact rechargeable batteries were not invented until 1859, making his crude carriage something of a one-trick pony (and far less useful than an actual pony).

It’s debatable whether or not Scotland was ready for this brave new world anyway: in 1842, Robert Davidson (another Scot, who had, a few years earlier, also tried his hand at an electric vehicle) saw his electric locomotive Galvani “broken by some malicious hands almost beyond repair” in Perth. The contemporary consensus was that it was attacked by railway workers fearful for their jobs.

Despite this unpromising start, electric vehicles had entered widespread commercial circulation by the start of the 20th century, particularly in the US. Electric cabs crisscrossed Manhattan, 1897’s bestselling US car was electric and, when he was shot in 1901, President McKinley was taken to hospital in an electric ambulance. London had Walter Bersey’s electric taxis, and Berlin’s fire engines went electric in 1908; the future looked bright, clean and silent.

By the 1930s, however, the tide had definitively turned against electric, cursed by range limitations and impractical charging times while petrol gained the upper hand thanks partly – and ironically – to the electric starter motor. The Horseless Age magazine, which vehemently backed the petrol non-horse, would have been delighted. There was a brief resurgence of interest in the late 1960s, when the US Congress passed a bill promoting electrical vehicle development, but nothing much actually happened until the Nissan Leaf sparked interest in 2009. Electric still isn’t quite there yet, battling infrastructure and battery problems that might have been familiar to Anderson and friends.


Adapted from The Guardian, Tuesday 24 October 2023, p. 6 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/series/shock-of-the-old/2023/oct/24/all

Based on the text, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).

( ) The history of electric cars has been fraught with flawed assumptions.

( ) Robert Anderson’s invention in the 1830s was triggered off by the launching of rechargeable batteries.

( ) The 19th century Scottish locomotive engineer is said to have quashed social resistance.

The statements are, respectively,

ID: 1022348•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
AMAUC•
Prefeitura de Piratuba SC•
Inglês•
2024

Read the text below:
Bob: Hey, wassup? Long time no talk! ?
Jane: Not much, just chillin'. How 'bout you?
Bob: Same here, just grindin' at work. It's been cray cray lately.
Jane: Ugh, adulting sucks sometimes. I feel ya. Anything exciting happening?
Bob: Nah, just the usual. Netflix and chillin' this weekend. You in?
Jane: Totally down! Binge-watching anything good?
Bob: Bingeing "Stranger Things" for the nth time. It's lit!
Jane: Haha, classic choice. I'm so in. Let's do it! ??
What does Bob mean when he says, "It's been cray cray lately"?

ID: 1023639•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IGEDUC•
Prefeitura de Garanhuns PE•
Língua Inglesa Regular•
2024

Julgue o item subsequente.


With the objective to possibilitate access and continuity of studies, the Youth and Adult Education can be applied in four ways: In-person education, remote education, professional or technical education and long life learning.

ID: 1023645•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IGEDUC•
Prefeitura de Garanhuns PE•
Língua Inglesa Regular•
2024

Julgue o item subsequente.


When working on a Pedagogical Political Project one essential point is to map out all the infrastructure of the unit, from physical space to available resources and equipment. Additionally, conduct a survey of all professionals involved in the school, as well as their roles and departments.

ID: 1024674•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
FUVEST•
USP•
Bibliotecário•
2024

TEXTO PARA A QUESTÃO


Among my fellow punctuation nerds, I have a reputation as someone who does not see any use for semicolons. Cecelia Watson, who teaches at Bard College, has written a whole book about them: “Semicolon: The Past, Present, and Future of a Misunderstood Mark.”

Watson, a historian and philosopher of science and a teacher of writing and the humanities—in other words, a Renaissance woman—gives us a deceptively playful-looking book that turns out to be a scholarly treatise on a sophisticated device that has contributed eloquence and mystery to Western civilization.

The semicolon itself was a Renaissance invention. It first appeared in 1494, in a book published in Venice by Aldus Manutius. “De Aetna,” Watson explains, was “an essay, written in dialogue form,” about climbing Mt. Etna. The mark was a hybrid between a comma and a colon, and its purpose was to prolong a pause or create a more distinct separation between parts of a sentence.

The problem with the semicolon is not how it looks but what it does and how that has changed over time. In the old days, punctuation simply indicated a pause. Comma, colon: semicolon; period. Eventually, grammarians and copy editors came along and made themselves indispensable by punctuating (“pointing”) a writer’s prose “to delineate clauses properly, such that punctuation served syntax.” That is, commas, semicolons, and colons were included in a sentence in order to highlight, subordinate, or otherwise conduct its elements, connecting them syntactically. One of the rules is that, unless you are composing a list, a semicolon is supposed to be followed by a complete clause, capable of standing on its own. The semicolon can take the place of a conjunction, like “and” or “but,” but it should not be used in addition to it.


https://www.newyorker.com/culture/comma-queen/sympathy-for-the-
semicolon. July 15, 2019. Adaptado.
No texto, a expressão “deceptively playful-looking” (2º parágrafo) indica que o livro de Cecelia Watson

ID: 1020068•
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Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
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SEDUCSP•
QM 2019•
2025

Read the anecdote. I’m a nurse, one time for Valentine’s Day I brought little satin hearts for my co-workers to pin in them. They were different sizes. There was a Dr there; when I was handing them out, someone decided he should have the largest one.
Later a family member comes to the desk asking for the Dr, my coworker says “oh he’s down that way, he’s the one with the big heart on”…
(https://www.reddit.com)
The misunderstanding by the family member may have happened because

ID: 1024421•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
AMEOSC•
Prefeitura de Mondaí SC•
Professor de Inglês•
2024

Read the scenario:

A language teacher plans to use a flipped classroom model for her upcoming unit on advanced grammar. In this approach, students will be required to watch instructional videos and complete exercises at home before coming to class. During class time, the teacher will focus on interactive activities that apply the concepts learned, such as group discussions, problem-solving tasks, and real-life applications. This model aims to maximize classroom interaction and ensure that students come prepared to engage deeply with the material.

Which advantage is most likely to be associated with the flipped classroom model described in the scenario?

ID: 1024689•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
ADM TEC•
Prefeitura de Brejo da Madre de Deus PE•
Inglês 200H A•
2024

Read Text Iand answer question.

Text I

More More More: What Is Money Dysmorphia?



Do you ever worry that you don't have enough money, even though your bank account suggests you're doing fine? You might be experiencing "money dysmorphia.” This is a term for when a person has a distorted view of their financial situation — particularly when a wealthy person believes they don't have enough money to be secure. The idea is similar to body dysmorphia, where a person agonizes about flaws they perceive in their body, even if they are not noticeable to others.


American lawyer and financial expert Ali Katz may have been the first to use the term, having written about money dysmorphia extensively in 2016. But it wasn't until late 2023 that it started trending. Because, as it turns out, the feeling can be pretty common — especially among young people.


In August 2023, Bloomberg published the results of a survey of over 1,000 Americans making over $175,000 a year. And while earning this much would put these people among the 10% richest in the country, a quarter of them said they felt "very poor," "poor,” or that they were just managing to get by.


In addition, a December 2023 survey for Intuit Credit Karma found that, out of 1,006 Americans, 29% experienced money dysmorphia — which the survey defined as "having a distorted view of one's finances that could lead them to make poor decisions.” That figure rose to 41% among millennials, who are usually defined as those born between 1981 and 1996. And it was 43% among Generation Z, typically considered to have been born between 1997 and 2012.


Some believe social media is to blame. With Instagram and TikTok full of influencers flaunting lavish lifestyles, it's understandable that young people might feel insecure about their own financial situations. And as well as causing stress, money dysmorphia might make people stay in jobs they don't like, or choose work over spending time with their families.


Speaking to Business Insider, Katz said it's important to actually calculate how much is enough for you — and "know the difference between what you need and what you want."



Adapted from: https://engoo.com.br/app/dailynews/article/more-more-more-what-is-moneydysmorphia/eMBHgsr7Ee6RxDeDj30Epw

There is a modal verb in all the sentences below, from Text I, EXCEPT:
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