ID: 1020030•
Inglês•
Análise sintática Syntax Parsing•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Read the text to answer question:


In foreign language education, the teaching of culture remains a hotly debated issue. What is culture? What is its relation to language? Which and whose culture should be taught? What role should the learners’ culture play in the acquisition of knowledge of the target culture? How can we avoid essentializing cultures and teaching stereotypes? And how can we develop in the learners an intercultural competence that would shortchange neither their own culture nor the target culture, but would make them into cultural mediators in a globalized world? This paper explores these issues from the perspective of the large body of research done in Australia, Europe and the U.S. in the last twenty years. It links the study of culture to the study of discourse (see, e.g., Kramsch 1993, 1998, 2004) and to the concept of translingual and transcultural competence proposed by theModern Language Association (e.g., Kramsch, 2010). Special attention will be given to the unique role that the age-old Persian culture can play in fostering the cultural mediators of tomorrow.


(KRAMASCH, Claire. Cultura no ensino de língua estrangeira. Bakhtiniana: Revista de Estudos do Discurso, São Paulo, LAEL/PUC-SP, v. 19, n. 4, 2024)
No trecho “How can we develop in the learners an intercultural competence that would shortchange neither their own culture nor the target culture…”, há uso de estrutura paralela, a qual tem regras específicas.

Nas sentenças a seguir, o exemplo de estrutura paralela usada corretamente é encontrado em:

ID: 1020035•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Read the text to answer question.


Traditional EFL classrooms face several challenges, including limited exposure to authentic language use, lack of engagement, and varying learner proficiency levels. Research indicates that reliance on non-authentic materials can hinder listening comprehension and motivation among students. For instance, substituting traditional listening inputs with spontaneous teacher discourse and storytelling has been proposed as a means to enhance engagement and provide authentic language exposure (Ypsilanti, 2024). Additionally, the integration of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approaches can bridge the gap between vocabulary learning and meaningful text production, fostering a more engaging learning environment (Balle & Olsen, 2023). Moreover, varying proficiency levels among learners often lead to common writing errors, such as grammatical mistakes and vocabulary misuse, which necessitate targeted instructional strategies to address these challenges effectively (Isma etal., 2023). Teachers also encounter difficulties in adapting to curriculum reforms and integrating digital media due to limited resources and training, which can further exacerbate engagement issues (Alnasib & Alharbi, 2024; Syarifuddin & Hz, 2023). Addressing these challenges requires innovative teaching strategies and a supportive infrastructure to enhance EFL learning outcomes.


(Sari, Nurhidayah. The Role of Technology in Facilitating EFL Learning: A Case Study Approach. Journal of Education Research, v. 5, 2024)
Based on the text, which of the following pedagogical strategies most comprehensively addresses the interconnected challenges faced in traditional EFL classrooms?

ID: 1018793•
Libras•
Educação dos Surdos•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Leia o texto a seguir:

Geralmente, aqui no Brasil, quando as pessoas são apresentadas umas às outras, elas dizem seus primeiros nomes após os cumprimentos (...). No mundo dos Surdos, a pessoa, além de dizer o nome em datilologia, ela, primeiro, se apresenta pelo seu sinal (...).

(Tanya A. Felipe, Libras em contexto: curso básico, livro do estudante cursista, 2007)

De acordo com a autora, o sinal pessoal pode ser

ID: 1014792•
Libras•
Aspectos Linguísticos da Língua Brasileira de Sinais•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Quadros e Karnopp (2004) afirmaram que há diferentes formas para que verbos e substantivos na língua brasileira de sinais apresentem flexão de número.

Quando há repetição do sinal, a flexão refere-se à

ID: 1014786•
Libras•
Educação dos Surdos•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Com base em Damázio (2007), assinale a alternativa que expressa o que é essencial e indispensável para o respeito à estrutura da Libras e da língua portuguesa.

ID: 1020034•
Inglês•
Análise sintática Syntax Parsing•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Read the text to answer question:


Today, many of the pedagogical springs and rivers of the last few decades are appropriately captured in the term Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), now a catch phrase for language teachers. CLT is an eclectic blend of the contributions of previous methods into the best of what a teacher can provide in authentic uses of the second language in the classroom. Indeed, the single greatest challenge in the profession is to move significantly beyond the teaching of rules, patterns, definitions, and other knowledge “about” language to the point that we are teaching our students to communicate genuinely, spontaneously, and meaningfully in the second language.


A significant difference between current language teaching practices and those of, say, a half a century ago, is the absence of proclaimed “orthodoxies” and “best” methods. We are well aware that methods, as they were conceived of 40 or 50 years ago or so, are too narrow and too constrictive to apply to a wide range of learners in an enormous number of situational contexts. There are no instant recipes. No quick and easy method is guaranteed to provide success. As Bell (2003), Brown (2001), Kumaravadivelu (2001), and others have appropriately shown, pedagogical trends in language teaching now spur us to develop a principled basis—sometimes called an approach (Richards & Rodgers, 2001)—upon which teachers can choose particular designs and techniques for teaching a foreign language in a specific context. Every learner is unique. Every teacher is unique. Every learner-teacher relationship is unique, and every context is unique. Your task as a teacher is to understand the properties of those relationships and contexts.


(BROWN, H. Douglas. Principles of language learning and teaching. 5. ed. Londres: Longman, 2006)


A noun phrase is a structure composed of a noun and its modifiers. In the following noun phrase taken from the second paragraph of the text “a wide range of learners in an enormous number of situational contexts”, the nucleus of the noun phrase – the noun being modified by the other elements, is found in

ID: 1018791•
Libras•
Educação dos Surdos•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Moura (em Lacerda e Santos, 2014) afirma que a língua de sinais, como primeira língua, não é ensinada, mas sim

ID: 1020042•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Read the text to answer question.


Stephen R. Covey (2017) once explained the importance of priorities by using an experience he had in a business class. He stated that a professor stood in front of a group of students and set a large canning jar in front of them. He filled it to the top with rocks and asked the students if it was full. They responded yes. Then he took out a bucket of sand and filled the jar again, and students watched as the sand poured inside the spaces between the large rocks. The professor asked again if the jar was full. This time students hesitated, and with good reason. The professor proceeded to fill the jar with a pitcher of water, after which he asked the students to explain the purpose behind this visual demonstration. After several incorrect responses, (including something along the lines of. There is always room for more stuff in your life), the professor gave his answer, which amounts to this: Unless you put the rocks in first, they will never fit into the jar.


This story demonstrates the principle of prioritizing, of knowing what matters most and what matters least, and that what matters most must be placed in the first position. No doubt, this is a very relevant way to analyze your own ecosystem1 .


As you move forward in developing a lifestyle that incorporates language learning, you must constantly reflect on whether or not you have prioritized your tasks well. If you imagine your ecosystem as the canning jar, and your language tasks as items that fill up the jar, you can see how making the right decisions will increase your chances of not only enjoying the learning process but making it more successful. Always remember that it is not just “doing a lot of language stuff” that will bring you success but rather that by putting priorities in their place, language learning can happen on its own. Let’s talk about how to prioritize language learning tasks by using the metaphor of the canning jar itself and discuss two concepts: fixed and fluid.


(Dixon, Shane. The language learner guidebook: powerful tools to help you conquer any language. [S.l.]: Wayzgoose, 2018. Adaptado)


1 A language ecosystem describes a holistic environment that encourages and extends the learning and application of language beyond the classroom through a diverse system of tasks and incentives.
Assinale a alternativa que representa uma inferência válida sobre o papel do professor na história apresentada.

ID: 1020032•
Inglês•
Verbos Verbs•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Read the text to answer question:


Today, many of the pedagogical springs and rivers of the last few decades are appropriately captured in the term Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), now a catch phrase for language teachers. CLT is an eclectic blend of the contributions of previous methods into the best of what a teacher can provide in authentic uses of the second language in the classroom. Indeed, the single greatest challenge in the profession is to move significantly beyond the teaching of rules, patterns, definitions, and other knowledge “about” language to the point that we are teaching our students to communicate genuinely, spontaneously, and meaningfully in the second language.


A significant difference between current language teaching practices and those of, say, a half a century ago, is the absence of proclaimed “orthodoxies” and “best” methods. We are well aware that methods, as they were conceived of 40 or 50 years ago or so, are too narrow and too constrictive to apply to a wide range of learners in an enormous number of situational contexts. There are no instant recipes. No quick and easy method is guaranteed to provide success. As Bell (2003), Brown (2001), Kumaravadivelu (2001), and others have appropriately shown, pedagogical trends in language teaching now spur us to develop a principled basis—sometimes called an approach (Richards & Rodgers, 2001)—upon which teachers can choose particular designs and techniques for teaching a foreign language in a specific context. Every learner is unique. Every teacher is unique. Every learner-teacher relationship is unique, and every context is unique. Your task as a teacher is to understand the properties of those relationships and contexts.


(BROWN, H. Douglas. Principles of language learning and teaching. 5. ed. Londres: Longman, 2006)


O sufixo -ing representa diferentes categorias gramaticais na língua inglesa.

Nos trechos retirados do texto, assinale a alternativa em que a palavra em negrito com esse sufixo seja um verbo.

ID: 1018794•
Libras•
Aspectos Linguísticos da Língua Brasileira de Sinais•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

De acordo com Felipe (2007), as línguas de sinais, por serem de modalidade gestual-visual, utilizam como elemento gramatical a tridimensionalidade do espaço para a comunicação.

Portanto, uma pessoa que está aprendendo uma dessas línguas precisa ficar atenta para a visualização das informações no espaço, pois

ID: 1018788•
Libras•
Educação dos Surdos•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Ana é uma criança com deficiência auditiva que foi matriculada na escola comum.

De acordo com Almeida, Santos e Lacerda (2015), será necessário respeitar suas demandas linguísticas para que ela

ID: 1018792•
Libras•
Educação dos Surdos•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

De acordo com Moura (em Lacerda e Santos, 2014) o desenvolvimento da linguagem deve acontecer em contextos significativos, de maneira natural e prazerosa.

Portanto,

ID: 1018789•
Libras•
Educação dos Surdos•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Almeida, Santos e Lacerda (2015) afirmam que, embora a língua brasileira de sinais (Libras) seja considerada a língua natural das pessoas surdas, sua aquisição não é automática ou garantida apenas pela condição de surdez.

Nesse sentido, para que uma pessoa surda torne-se usuária de Libras, é necessário que

ID: 1018790•
Libras•
Educação dos Surdos•
VUNESP•
SEDUCSP•
QM 2023•
2025

Jorge, um jovem surdo, aprendeu a língua de sinais desde cedo, mas ainda não se apropriou da segunda língua.

Segundo Almeida, Santos e Lacerda (2015), o surdo, como um cidadão brasileiro, tem o direito de se apropriar

Imprimir Questões
Página 3