Read the following passage and identify the correct object pronoun to complete the sentence:
'My sister asked ____ to help _____ with the homework.'
Agronomy looks at agriculture from an integrated, holistic perspective. Agronomists are specialists in crop and soil science, as well as ecology. Some things they look at are:
•the properties of the soil;
• how the soil interacts with the growing crop;
• what nutrients (fertilizers) the crop needs;
• when and how to apply these nutrients;
• the ways that crops grow and develop;
• how climate and other environmental factors affect the crop at all stages;
• how best to control weeds, insects, fungi, and other crop pests; and,
• how to grow crops effectively and profitably while conserving and protecting the environment.
Internet: <www.agronomy.org> (with adaptations).
According to the text, judge the item from.
In the first line of the text, the verb “to look” is conjugated in the 3rd person singular to agree with the subject “Agronomy”, which could be correctly replaced by the pronoun he.
In the first line of the text, the verb “to look” is conjugated in the 3rd person singular to agree with the subject “Agronomy”, which could be correctly replaced by the pronoun he.
Choose the sentence that correctly uses a
relative clause:
Based on the text below, answer question.
The Future of Libraries Has Little to Do with Books
On a Monday morning between Christmas and New Year'sEve in Paris, the line for modern art museum Centre GeorgesPompidou winds around the block. But the patrons waiting inthe cold aren't there to catch a glimpse of a Magritte—they're young locais queueing for access through themuseum’s back door to another attraction: the publiclibrary.
In a digital age that has left book publishers reeling,libraries in the world's major cities seem poised for acomeback, though it1s one that has very little to do withbooks. The Independent Library Report — published inDecember by the U.K.'s Department for Culture, Media, andSport — found that libraries across the nation arereinventing themseives by increasingly becoming "vibrant andattractive community hubs", focusing on the "need to createdigital literacy, and in an ideal world, digital fluency.”
Taking into account the proliferation of freelancing,the gig economy, and remote working (also known as'technomadism'), the rise of library as community hub beginsto make sense. Cities are increasingly attracting locationindependent workers, and those workers need space andamenities that expensive and unreliable coffee shops simplycannot provide enough of.
Furthermore, when one considers that the mostvulnerable and underserved city dwellers are also those whogenerally do not have access to the Internet, the need for afree and publicly connected space becomes even clearer.
According to a 2013 Pew poli, 90 percent in the U.S.said their community would be negatively impacted if theirlocal library closed. But if libraries are going to survivethe digital age, they need to be more about helping patronsfilter vast quantities of digital Information rather thanaccess to analog materiais. Good news carne for U.S.libraries in November, when Federal CommunicationsCommission Chairman Tom Wheeler announced a 62 percentincrease in spending on high-speed Internet for schools andpublic libraries.
When it comes to this need for connectivity, Britainfslibrary report stated a "Wi-Fi connection should bedelivered in a comfortable, retail standard environment withthe usual amenities of coffee, sofas and etc." The reportsuggested that libraries focus less on loaning physicalbooks and more on widening access via loaning of e-books,which the report noted was up by 80 percent in Britain from2013.
Also in 2013, the first bookless public library in theUnited States opened in San Antonio, Texas. ThecityTs BiblioTech offers an all-digital, cloud-basedcollection of more than 10,000 e-books, plus e-readersavailable for checkout. Located in San Antonio’s underservedSouth Side, the BiblioTech provides an important digital hubin a city with a population that still struggles to connectto wireless Internet, Last month saw the opening of Canada'sHalifax Central Library, designed by a world-leading Danishdesign firm. With its auditorium, meeting space forentrepreneurs, multiple cafes, adult literacy classes andgaming facilities, actual books seemed like anafterthought.
(Abridged from http://magazine.good.is/articles/public-libraries-reimagined).
in the excerpt "But if libraries are going to survive thedigital age, they need to be more about helping patronsfilter vast quantities of digital Information rather thanaccess to analog materials." the pronoun "they" refers to:
“There are four questions of value in life. What is sacred? Of what is the spirit made? What is worth living for and what is worth dying for? The answer to each is the same. Only love.” (Lord Byron)
“But soft! What light through yonder window breaks? It is the east, and Juliet is the sun.” (William Shakespeare)
In terms of grammatical features, the two passages above have two aspects in common, which are the use of
Text II
This book wants to show the newcomer the lie of the land without confusing him with details. In writing it I thought first and foremost of readers in their teens. But I have never believed that books for young people should differ from books for adults except for the fact that they must reckon with the most exacting class of critics, critics who are quick to detect and resent any trace of pretentious jargon or bogus sentiment. I know from experience that these are the vices which may render people suspicious of all writings. I have striven to use plain language even at the risk of sounding casual or unprofessional. I hope that no reader will attribute my decision to get along with a minimum of the art historian’s conventional terms to any desire on my part of ‘talking down’ to him. Apart from this decision, I have tried to follow a number of more specific self-imposed rules, such as limiting myself to real works of art and cutting out anything which might merely be interesting as a specimen of taste or fashion. This decision entailed a considerable sacrifice of literary effects. Praise is so much duller than criticism, and the inclusion of some amusing monstrosities might have offered some light relief. Thus, while I do not claim that all the works illustrated represent the highest standard of perfection, I did make an effort not to include anything which I considered to be without a peculiar merit of its own.
A second rule also demanded a little self-denial. I vowed to resist any temptation to be original in my selection, lest the well-known masterpieces be crowded out by my own personal favourites. This book, after all, is not intended merely as an anthology of beautiful things; it is meant for those who look for bearings in a new field, and for them the familiar appearance of apparently ‘hackneyed’ examples may serve as welcome landmarks.
One more rule I have followed. When in doubt I have always preferred to discuss a work which I had seen in the original rather than one I knew only from photographs. I should have liked to make this an absolute rule, but I did not want the reader to be penalized by the accidents of travel restrictions which sometimes dog the life of the art-lover.
E. H. Gombrich. The Story of Art. Phaidon, New York – London: 1995, p. 7-8 (adapted).
Considering text II, judge whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).
In the fragment “I have never believed that books for young people should differ from books for adults except for the fact that they must reckon with the most exacting class of critics” (third sentence of the first paragraph), the referent for the pronoun “they” is “adults”.
Choose the correct question word for the following sentence: "______ did you go to the party with?"
Considering the segment “They’ll head home with golden contacts, investor cocktail hours were built into the packed schedule, and
a commitment for up to $500,000 in seed capital from Capria Accelerator, a first-of-its-kind venture whose initial investors include
Microsoft cofounder ___ and world’s richest man ___ Bill Gates.”, about the featured WHOSE it is incompatible that:
Choose the correct answer.
“_____ did you speak to at the meeting? I didn’t catch their name.”
“_____ did you speak to at the meeting? I didn’t catch their name.”
In terms of the use of possessives, which sentence
is wrong?
Reading skill will help you to improve your understanding of the language and build your vocabulary.
Social Media Across Generations
Today’s grandparents are joining their grandchildren on social media, but the different generations’ online habits couldn’t be more different. In the UK the over-55s are joining Facebook in increasing numbers, meaning that they will soon be the site’s second biggest user group, with 3.5 million users aged 55-64and 2.9 million over-65s.
Sheila, aged 59, says, I joined to see what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them. It’s a much better way to see what they’re doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post. That’s how we did it when I was a child, but I think I’m lucky I get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents did.
Ironically, Sheila’s grandchildren are less likely to use Facebook themselves. Children under 17 in the UK are leaving the site – only 2.2 million users are under 17 – but they’re not going far from their smartphones. Chloe, aged 15, even sleeps with her phone. It’s my alarm clock so I have to she says. I look at it before I go to sleep and as soon as I wake up.
Unlike her grandmother’s generation, Chloe’s age group is spending so much time.......... their phones.......... home that they are missing out on spending time with their friends in real life. Sheila, on the other hand, has made contact with old friends from school she hasn’t heard...................40years. We use Facebook to arrange to meet all over the country, she says. It’s changed my social lifecompletely.
Teenagers might have their parents to thank for their smartphone and social media addiction as their parents were the early adopters of the smartphone.Peter, 38 and father of two teenagers, reports that he used to be on his phone or laptop constantly. I was always connected and I felt like I was always working, he says. How could I tell my kids to get off their phones if I was always in front of a screen myself? So, in the evenings and at weekends, he takes his SIM card out of his smartphone and puts it into an old-style mobile phone that can only make calls and send text messages. I’m not completely cut off from the world in case of emergencies, but the important thing is I’m setting a better example to my kids and spending more quality time with them.
Pronouns are words (or phrases) you substitute
for nouns when your reader or listener already knows
which noun you’re referring to.
In the sentence I joined to see what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them…, the word in bold refers to:
In the sentence I joined to see what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them…, the word in bold refers to:
Read the following passage:
'Sally's cat is very playful. It loves to chase after ____ tail and play with ____ toys. ____ bed is soft and comfortable, and it always sleeps in it at night.'
Something in the water? Why we love shark films
From the Steven Spielberg classic Jaws, to predators stalking the Seine in Under Paris, there is no shortage of shark films.
Hollywood and audiences love them, seemingly never tiring of the suspense, gore and terror.
There are prehistoric giant sharks in The Meg, genetically engineered ones in Deep Blue Sea, and sharks high on cocaine in the ingeniously named Cocaine Shark.
Even Donald Trump is a fan – he was reportedly due to play the US president in a Sharknado film, before becoming the actual president.
I became hooked on them after watching James Bond film Thunderball, where the villain keeps sharks in his swimming pool.
It led to a lifelong interest in shark films, as well as an irrational fear of swimming pools, even ones filled with chlorine inside leisure centres.
Hayley Easton Street is the British director behind a new shark film, Something in the Water, which tells the story of a group of women stranded at sea.
She explains that, as fan of shark films herself, she “absolutely wanted” to make the movie.
So why are shark movies so popular? “It's the fear of what could be going on with the unknown of [the sea]” she tells BBC News.
“Just being stuck in the middle of the ocean is scary enough. You're trapped in something else's world and anything could happen.”
But despite Street's love of shark films, she did not want the ones in hers to be portrayed as marine serial killers.
“We kill 100 million sharks every year” she notes.
The director was also aware that the release of Jaws led to a huge rise in the hunting of sharks, partly because they had been portrayed as merciless killers.
“As much as I love shark films, I love sharks.”
“I was really conscious of that, because it's easy for people to start seeing them as killing machines... or monsters, which they are not.”
She adds: “I feel it's more scary to have the realistic theme of it, that, you know, if you are out in the ocean and there are sharks and they do mistake you for something else, they will kill you.”
Despite the huge success of Jaws, Spielberg has said he “truly regrets the decimation of the shark population because of the book and the film”.
Spielberg is not the only person concerned about Hollywood's portrayal of sharks and the impact it continues to have.
US marine biologist Andriana Fragola dedicates herself to educating people about sharks, often sharing videos of her diving with them.
She says they are “misunderstood predators” that have been harmed by movies and the media.
Andriana tells me that she has watched Netflix's new shark film, Under Paris, and was not impressed.
“Their whole thing was it's about conservation, about studying them, but then the sharks are still eating people.”
“So it's giving a little bit more of a rounded education and a little bit more depth to the story, it's not just people swimming at the beach and getting attacked and eaten.”
“But the bottom line and what people can draw from the movie is that sharks are still really dangerous to people and they're just going to continuously hunt and eat people.”
“If that was true, we would be reduced as a human species. Everyone who goes to the beach, they would be threatened.”
Andriana says the perception of sharks causes a real issue for conservation.
“It's a huge problem because people don't want to protect something that they're scared of.”
“The perception from people is that they're dangerous to humans so we should eradicate them, and that's obviously a huge problem for conservation and getting people to want to empathise or sympathise with sharks and wanting to actually protect them.”
“It's unfortunate because 100 million sharks are killed every year, and globally sharks kill fewer than 10 people every year.”
“We're really focused on the sharks being the monsters and them being out to get us. In reality it's the opposite.”
It is unlikely that Hollywood will stop making shark films, or we will stop watching them.
But the figures show that far from being the serial killers of the sea, sharks are actually much more likely to be the victims of humans.
(Charlotte Gallagher, Culture reporter, BBC 2024. Accessed: 29 July 2024. Available in:<https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckmmgxvp7dgo>. Adapted.)
Consider the sentence "We kill 100 million sharks every year, […]”, said by the British director Hayley Easton Street (12th§)
The pronoun “we” refers to:
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Building on the professional consensus that no method could claim supremacy, Prabhu (1990) asks why there is no best method. He suggests that there are three possible explanations: (1) different methods are best for different teaching / learning circumstances; (2) all methods have some truth or validity; and (3) the whole notion of what is a good or a bad method is irrelevant. Prabhu argues for the third possibility and concludes that we need to rethink what is “best” such that classroom teachers and applied linguists can develop shared pedagogical perceptions of what real-world classroom teaching is.
H.D. Brown (2002), in his critique of methods, adds the following two observations: (1) so-called designer methods seem distinctive at the initial stage of learning but soon come to look like any other learner centered approach; and (2) it has proven impossible to empirically (i.e., quantitatively) demonstrate the superiority of one method over another. Brown (2002) concludes that classroom teachers do best when they ground their pedagogy in “well-established principles of language teaching and learning” (p.17).
So what are these well-established principles that teachers should apply in the post methods era? One of the early concrete proposals comes from Kamaravadivelu (1994), who offers a framework consisting of 10 macro strategies, some of which are summarized below:
– Maximize learning opportunities. The teacher’s job is not to transmit knowledge but to create and manage as many learning opportunities as possible.
– Facilitate negotiated interaction. Learners should initiate classroom talk (not just respond to the teacher’s prompts) by asking for clarification, by confirming, by reacting, and so on, as part of teacher-student and student-student interaction.
– Activate intuitive heuristics. Teachers should provide enough data for learners to infer underlying grammatical rules, since it is impossible to explicitly teach all rules of the L2.
– Integrate language skills. The separation of listening, reading, speaking, and writing is artificial. As in the real-world, learners should integrate skills: conversation (listening and speaking), note-taking (listening and writing), self-study (reading and writing), and so on.
– Raise cultural consciousness. Teachers should allow learners to become sources of cultural information so that knowledge about the culture of the L2 and of other cultures (especially those represented by the students) becomes part of classroom communication.
– Ensure social relevance: acknowledge that language learning has social, political, economic, and educational dimensions that shape the motivation to learn the L2, determine the uses to which the L2 will be put, and define the skills and proficiency level needed in the L2.
(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001. Adaptado)
No trecho do segundo parágrafo do texto “It has proven
impossible to empirically (i.e., quantitatively) demonstrate”,
o pronome em negrito não tem um referente. É usado
no lugar do sujeito da sentença. O termo em negrito que
apresenta o mesmo uso que aquele do exemplo retirado
do texto é:
Julgue o item subsequente.
Reflexive pronouns, such as “myself” and “yourself,”
reflect the action back onto the subject. Mastery of
reflexive pronoun usage ensures grammatical accuracy
and clarity in English sentences. Recognizing situations
that warrant reflexive pronouns contributes to effective
self-expression.
Choose the option that best completes the sentence
below:
"The manager asked the team to come up with innovative solutions to improve ______ performance this quarter."
I. our II. their III. your IV. his
"The manager asked the team to come up with innovative solutions to improve ______ performance this quarter."
I. our II. their III. your IV. his
Choose the option that correctly completes the
sentence using a relative pronoun:
“The teacher praised the student ____ project on environmental conservation won first prize.”
“The teacher praised the student ____ project on environmental conservation won first prize.”
What is the objective pronoun in the sentence: "I bought a gift for ______"?
Predicting the unpredictable
Some years ago, a devastating earthquake struck the Italian town of L’Aquila. More than 300 people lost their lives, over 1,500 people were injured, and many buildings were destroyed. Two years later, seven earthquake experts were involved in a court case: Did they adequately warn the public after the initial tremors began? At the heart of the debate is whether they could have predicted a disaster like this.
Although a lot of scientists are working to improve our ability to predict natural disasters, so far no one has come up with a reliable method to forecast earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, days or weeks beforehand. Most of the research focuses on the areas most likely to experience seismic activity – but even our knowledge about where these areas are, is very limited. One reason for this is that human beings have only been around for a very small part of the Earth’s history. In geological terms, we all arrived on the scene very recently. Records from the past 2,000 years are incomplete, and the biggest earthquakes nearly always happen in areas where there have been no earthquakes in recorded history.
So, is there any hope for improving our ability to predict disasters? A solution may come from an unexpected source. Four years ago, a team of US physicists at Rutgers University in New Jersey were studying why pharmaceutical powders stick together. They observed that the powder stuck together when placed in a spinning cylinder, but then developed cracks and collapsed. Just before the cracks developed, an electric signal, like a small bolt of lightning, was created. The scientists repeated the experiment with a wide range of different materials, and they got similar results every time.
This phenomenon might also exist in nature. Some scientists believe that rocks may become electrically charged under unusual pressure, such as before an earthquake. This electric charge then causes changes in the surrounding air or water, which animals may be able to sense before humans do. For example, while biologists were studying a colony of frogs in a pond near L’Aquila, they noticed that nearly all the animals left the water days before the earthquake. A similar thing happened in China, when snakes were hibernating for the winter in caves, but escaped just before a large earthquake. The same kind of electric charge, like the small bolt of lightning felt in the experiment at Rutgers, may have been responsible.
At the moment, there is no reliable way ............ using such findings to predict earthquakes, and further studies may be necessary to give us a better understanding of the interactions involved, but one day, the technology may be used ............ predict future catastrophes. For example, two science institutions in Russia and Britain are already developing a new micro-satellite, which could detect these electric signals and help rescue people ................ natural disasters in time. Scientists are planning to launch the first of these satellites ............... space. Will these satellites be the solution? Only time will tell. For the time being, the best defense is to be prepared.
Analyze the sentences according to structure and
grammar use.
1. The verbs been (2nd paragraph), lost (1st paragraph) has its infinitive form as “to be” and “loose”.
2. The words might and may in the 4th paragraph are called nonfinite verbs.
3. The negative form of the sentence This electric charge then causes changes in the surrounding air or water(…), is This electric charge then doesn’t cause changes in the surrounding air or water(…).
4. The words we, our, and us from the text (paragraphs 2, 3 and 5) are, respectively, personal pronoun, possessive adjective and objective pronoun.
Choose the alternative which contains the correct sentences.
1. The verbs been (2nd paragraph), lost (1st paragraph) has its infinitive form as “to be” and “loose”.
2. The words might and may in the 4th paragraph are called nonfinite verbs.
3. The negative form of the sentence This electric charge then causes changes in the surrounding air or water(…), is This electric charge then doesn’t cause changes in the surrounding air or water(…).
4. The words we, our, and us from the text (paragraphs 2, 3 and 5) are, respectively, personal pronoun, possessive adjective and objective pronoun.
Choose the alternative which contains the correct sentences.
Indique a opção que complete corretamente a frase, usando uma relative clause.
I have a friend __________ father is an architect and __________ works in the same company as me.