Leia o texto para responder à questão

Agroflorestas se espalham pelo país: cultivo sem desmatamento

À primeira vista, pode parecer uma mata crescendo sem interferência humana, tal a quantidade de árvores. Mas, caminhando pela área, o visitante identifica a grande variedade de alimentos brotando de arbustos e das próprias árvores. Limoeiros, açaizeiros, mangueiras, pés de acerola, cajueiros, bananeiras, laranjeiras e muito mais. Nada está ali por acaso. Trata-se de uma agrofloresta, também chamada de sistema agroflorestal (SAF). Os SAFs são áreas em que espécies com propriedades bem diferentes são plantadas misturadas — não raro, em meio à vegetação nativa.

“Quando me falaram, achei que era coisa de maluco. Plantar sem desmatar a floresta? Vai semear como?” — conta a agricultora Marlene Assunção, de 52 anos, dona de uma propriedade no interior do RJ. — “Hoje eu entendo. As coisas vão estar aqui para nossos netos. É menos egoísta.”

Os SAFs vêm ganhando relevância no país como uma alternativa que alia a produção de alimentos, necessária num mundo de população crescente (seremos 8,5 bilhões de Homo sapiens em 2030, segundo estimativas da ONU) que precisa manter os recursos naturais e, assim, frear as mudanças climáticas. A técnica preconiza que a agricultura pode se beneficiar, e muito, de áreas intensamente arborizadas. .

<https://tinyurl.com/yb8xauee> Acesso em: 06.03.2018. Adaptado.

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Estima-se que cerca de um bilhão de pessoas sofram com a falta de água potável no mundo. Para tentar combater esse tipo de problema, uma empresa desenvolveu um purificador de água distribuído na forma de um sachê que é capaz de transformar dez litros de água contaminada em dez litros de água potável. Os principais componentes do sachê são sulfato de ferro (III) e hipoclorito de cálcio.

ara purificar a água, o conteúdo do sachê deve ser despejado em um recipiente com dez litros de água não potável. Depois é preciso mexer a mistura por cinco minutos, para ocorrer a união dos íons cálcio (Ca2+) e dos íons sulfato (SO4 2- ), produzindo sulfato de cálcio, que vai ao fundo do recipiente juntamente com a sujeira. Em seguida, a água deve ser passada por um filtro, que pode ser até mesmo uma camiseta de algodão limpa. Para finalizar, deve-se esperar por 20 minutos para que ocorra a ação bactericida dos íons hipoclorito, CℓO1–.

Assim, em pouco tempo, uma água barrenta ou contaminada se transforma em água limpa para o consumo.

<http://tinyurl.com/y7gdw9qx> Acesso em: 13.11.2017. Adaptado.

Leia o texto para responder à questão

Agroflorestas se espalham pelo país: cultivo sem desmatamento

À primeira vista, pode parecer uma mata crescendo sem interferência humana, tal a quantidade de árvores. Mas, caminhando pela área, o visitante identifica a grande variedade de alimentos brotando de arbustos e das próprias árvores. Limoeiros, açaizeiros, mangueiras, pés de acerola, cajueiros, bananeiras, laranjeiras e muito mais. Nada está ali por acaso. Trata-se de uma agrofloresta, também chamada de sistema agroflorestal (SAF). Os SAFs são áreas em que espécies com propriedades bem diferentes são plantadas misturadas — não raro, em meio à vegetação nativa.

“Quando me falaram, achei que era coisa de maluco. Plantar sem desmatar a floresta? Vai semear como?” — conta a agricultora Marlene Assunção, de 52 anos, dona de uma propriedade no interior do RJ. — “Hoje eu entendo. As coisas vão estar aqui para nossos netos. É menos egoísta.”

Os SAFs vêm ganhando relevância no país como uma alternativa que alia a produção de alimentos, necessária num mundo de população crescente (seremos 8,5 bilhões de Homo sapiens em 2030, segundo estimativas da ONU) que precisa manter os recursos naturais e, assim, frear as mudanças climáticas. A técnica preconiza que a agricultura pode se beneficiar, e muito, de áreas intensamente arborizadas. .

<https://tinyurl.com/yb8xauee> Acesso em: 06.03.2018. Adaptado.

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Minority ethnic Britons face ‘shocking’ job discrimination

Haroon Siddique

Thu 17 Jan 2019 17.00GMT Last modified on Fri 18 Jan 2019 00.50GMT

A study by experts based at the Centre for Social Investigation at Nuffield College, University of Oxford, found applicants from minority ethnic backgrounds had to send 80% more applications to get a positive response from an employer than a white person of British origin.

A linked study by the same researchers, comparing their results with similar field experiments dating back to 1969, found discrimination against black Britons and those of south Asian origin – particularly Pakistanis – unchanged over almost 50 years.

The research, part of a larger cross-national project funded by the European Union and shared exclusively with the Guardian before its official launch, prompted concerns that race relations legislation had failed.

It echoes findings published as part of the Guardian’s Bias in Britain series that people from minority ethnic backgrounds face discrimination when seeking a room to rent. In a snapshot survey of online flatshare ads the Guardian found that an applicant called Muhammad was significantly less likely to receive a positive response than an applicant called David.

Prof Anthony Heath, co-author and emeritus fellow of Nuffield College, said: “The absence of any real decline in discrimination against black British and people of Pakistani background is a disturbing finding, which calls into question the effectiveness of previous policies. Ethnic inequality remains a burning injustice and there needs to be a radical rethink about how to tackle it.”

Dr Zubaida Haque, the deputy director of the race equality thinktank Runnymede, described thefindings as shocking. They demonstrated that “it’s not just covert racism or unconscious bias that we need to worry about; it’s overt and conscious racism, where applicants are getting shortlisted on the basis of their ethnicity and/or name”, she said.

“It’s clear that race relations legislation is not sufficient to hold employers to account. There are no real consequences for employers of racially discriminating in subtle ways, but for BME* applicants or employees it means higher unemployment, lower wages, poorer conditions and less security in work and life.”

<https://tinyurl.com/y9nohdte> Acesso em: 07.10.2019. Adaptado.

*BME – Black and Minority Ethnicity

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Minority ethnic Britons face ‘shocking’ job discrimination

Haroon Siddique

Thu 17 Jan 2019 17.00GMT Last modified on Fri 18 Jan 2019 00.50GMT

A study by experts based at the Centre for Social Investigation at Nuffield College, University of Oxford, found applicants from minority ethnic backgrounds had to send 80% more applications to get a positive response from an employer than a white person of British origin.

A linked study by the same researchers, comparing their results with similar field experiments dating back to 1969, found discrimination against black Britons and those of south Asian origin – particularly Pakistanis – unchanged over almost 50 years.

The research, part of a larger cross-national project funded by the European Union and shared exclusively with the Guardian before its official launch, prompted concerns that race relations legislation had failed.

It echoes findings published as part of the Guardian’s Bias in Britain series that people from minority ethnic backgrounds face discrimination when seeking a room to rent. In a snapshot survey of online flatshare ads the Guardian found that an applicant called Muhammad was significantly less likely to receive a positive response than an applicant called David.

Prof Anthony Heath, co-author and emeritus fellow of Nuffield College, said: “The absence of any real decline in discrimination against black British and people of Pakistani background is a disturbing finding, which calls into question the effectiveness of previous policies. Ethnic inequality remains a burning injustice and there needs to be a radical rethink about how to tackle it.”

Dr Zubaida Haque, the deputy director of the race equality thinktank Runnymede, described thefindings as shocking. They demonstrated that “it’s not just covert racism or unconscious bias that we need to worry about; it’s overt and conscious racism, where applicants are getting shortlisted on the basis of their ethnicity and/or name”, she said.

“It’s clear that race relations legislation is not sufficient to hold employers to account. There are no real consequences for employers of racially discriminating in subtle ways, but for BME* applicants or employees it means higher unemployment, lower wages, poorer conditions and less security in work and life.”

<https://tinyurl.com/y9nohdte> Acesso em: 07.10.2019. Adaptado.

*BME – Black and Minority Ethnicity

Leia o texto para responder a questão.

Minority ethnic Britons face ‘shocking’ job discrimination

Haroon Siddique

Thu 17 Jan 2019 17.00GMT Last modified on Fri 18 Jan 2019 00.50GMT

A study by experts based at the Centre for Social Investigation at Nuffield College, University of Oxford, found applicants from minority ethnic backgrounds had to send 80% more applications to get a positive response from an employer than a white person of British origin.

A linked study by the same researchers, comparing their results with similar field experiments dating back to 1969, found discrimination against black Britons and those of south Asian origin – particularly Pakistanis – unchanged over almost 50 years.

The research, part of a larger cross-national project funded by the European Union and shared exclusively with the Guardian before its official launch, prompted concerns that race relations legislation had failed.

It echoes findings published as part of the Guardian’s Bias in Britain series that people from minority ethnic backgrounds face discrimination when seeking a room to rent. In a snapshot survey of online flatshare ads the Guardian found that an applicant called Muhammad was significantly less likely to receive a positive response than an applicant called David.

Prof Anthony Heath, co-author and emeritus fellow of Nuffield College, said: “The absence of any real decline in discrimination against black British and people of Pakistani background is a disturbing finding, which calls into question the effectiveness of previous policies. Ethnic inequality remains a burning injustice and there needs to be a radical rethink about how to tackle it.”

Dr Zubaida Haque, the deputy director of the race equality thinktank Runnymede, described thefindings as shocking. They demonstrated that “it’s not just covert racism or unconscious bias that we need to worry about; it’s overt and conscious racism, where applicants are getting shortlisted on the basis of their ethnicity and/or name”, she said.

“It’s clear that race relations legislation is not sufficient to hold employers to account. There are no real consequences for employers of racially discriminating in subtle ways, but for BME* applicants or employees it means higher unemployment, lower wages, poorer conditions and less security in work and life.”

<https://tinyurl.com/y9nohdte> Acesso em: 07.10.2019. Adaptado.

*BME – Black and Minority Ethnicity