Questões de Concursos sobre Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension com Gabarito (Comentado)

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Q1021882•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
CONSULPLAN•
SEED PR•
LEM Inglês•
2024

Read the text to answer question

Less than half of Generation Z watch broadcast TV

Emma Saunders.

Culture reporter.

For the first time, less than half of 16 to 24-year-olds are now watching traditional TV each week.

Just 48% of young adults tuned in during an average week last year, compared with 76% just five years before (2018), according to Ofcom’s annual Media Nations report.

They watched traditional TV for an average of 33 minutes each day, down 16% year-on-year.

It will come as no surprise to many that the age group spent three times as long each day (1hr 33min) watching video-sharing platforms such as TikTok and YouTube.

Children between the ages of four and 15 are also switching off, with only 55% watching traditional TV each week last year, compared to 81% in 2018.

But there has also been a decline in middle-aged viewers (45 to 54), dropping from 89% to 84% since 2023, and a 5% drop in viewers aged between 65 and 75.

The over 75s slightly increased their traditional TV viewing, up 1% from last year, Ofcom said.

The overall viewing figures declined by 6% last year, although that was a slower fall than in 2022 (12%).

However, there was brighter news for radio. The first quarter of 2024 saw the highest number of weekly radio listeners across all devices in the last 20 years (just under 50 million). Listening time is up on last year to an average of 20.5 hours per week.

Much of this is down to commercial radio’s continued success – just over seven in 10 people aged 15 and over tune into commercial stations at least once a week (70.4%) compared to 55.6% for BBC stations.

But BBC Radio 2 was still the most popular UK station, and commercial radio had a slightly lower average listening time each week (14.0 hours compared to 14.2 hours for BBC stations).

Most watched programmes in 2023

New Year's Eve Fireworks – BBC One, 12.1m

Happy Valley – BBC One (series three, final episode) 12.1m

The Coronation of The King and Queen Camilla – BBC One, 12m

Eurovision Song Contest – BBC One, 10.1m

Strictly Come Dancing – BBC One (series 21 finale) – BBC One, 9.9m

I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! – ITV1 (series 23, launch episode) – 9.9m

Beyond Paradise – BBC One (series one, episode one) – 9m

Death in Paradise – BBC One (series 12, episode two) – 8.7m

Glastonbury – BBC One (25 June) – 8.4m

Call the Midwife Holiday Special – BBC One – 8.4m

Music streaming

Streaming was the second most listened to form of audio last year, with 50% of adults using services such as Spotify each week.

Music streaming continues to account for two thirds of the total income for the record industry.

YouTube on Telly

Despite shifts in viewing habits, TV screens are becoming more popular for watching YouTube content.

The report says 34% of time spent watching YouTube at home is now on a TV set, up from 29% in 2022. This increases to 45% among children aged 4 to 15 – up from 36% in 2022.

YouTube’s total in-home use grew to 38 minutes per person per day in 2023, an increase of 20% year-on-year.

Overall, UK viewers watched more TV and video content at home in 2023, averaging 4hrs 31min a day (an increase of 6 minutes or 2% since 2022).

This was mainly driven by an increase in daily viewing to video-sharing platforms (including YouTube) and to broadcast video-on-demand services, such as iPlayer and ITVX.

Those services grew by 29% in 2023.

Subscription services

Overall daily viewing of subscription streaming services increased by six minutes to 38 minutes a day, with Netflix remaining the most popular service, accounting for half of all subscription video-on-demand viewing.

But those pay-for streaming services have plateaued in reach, with about two thirds of households (68%) using at least one last year, similar to 2022.

Yet the sector made just under £4bn in subscription revenue last year, up 22%, largely due to price increases.

(BBC, 2024, BBC website. Accessed: 12 August 2024. Available https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crgm9z1dpkpo. Adapted.)

Consider the underlined term in the following sentence “[...] those pay-for streaming services have plateaued in reach, […]” (35º§). It means that “those pay-for-streaming services” have:

Decreased prices.

Started to decline in reach.

Stopped increasing in reach.

Increased their reach more than usual.

Q1022655•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
EMBRAPA•
Subárea Agricultura e Climatologia•
2025

Climate change poses significant challenges to cattle farming, a sector vital to global food security. Among the most pressing concerns is the increasing frequency and intensity of droughts. Reduced rainfall diminishes pasture quality and availability, limiting feed for livestock and increasing water scarcity. This can lead to decreased animal growth rates, reduced milk production, and increased mortality rates. Moreover, prolonged droughts can contribute to desertification, shrinking available grazing land and forcing farmers to adopt costly alternative feeding strategies.

Beyond drought, other climate-related impacts include heat stress, which can significantly impact animal health and productivity. Rising temperatures can exacerbate heat stress, leading to decreased feed intake, reduced fertility, and increased mortality in livestock. Furthermore, extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfall and flooding, can cause infrastructure damage, contaminate water sources, and lead to the loss of livestock.

The cattle farming sector itself contributes to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions, primarily methane produced during animal digestion and nitrous oxide from manure management. Deforestation for pasture expansion also releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide.

To address these challenges, a multi-pronged approach is crucial.

• Genetic selection: Breeding programs focused on developing drought-resistant livestock breeds are vital. and heat-tolerant

• Sustainable feeding strategies: Implementing precision feeding techniques, improving feed efficiency, and exploring alternative drought-resistant forage livestock resilience. feed sources, varieties, such as can enhance

• Integrated farming systems: Integrating crop and livestock production, such as through agroforestry systems, can improve soil health, enhance water retention, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

• Technological innovations: Utilizing technologies such as precision livestock farming, remote sensing for pasture monitoring, and renewable energy sources can improve resource efficiency and redu

Furthermore, strong policy support, including incentives for sustainable farming practices, investments in research and development, and improved access to climate information services, are essential for the long-term sustainability of the cattle farming sector.

Addressing the challenges posed by climate change requires a collaborative effort involving farmers, researchers, policymakers, and consumers. By embracing innovative solutions, prioritizing sustainable practices, and fostering a collective understanding of the importance of climate-resilient livestock production, we can ensure a future when this vital sector continues to thrive while minimizing its environmental impact.

Internet:<conafer.org.br> (adapted).

Judge the following item based on the text above.

One of the strategies proposed focuses on specific systems for both soil health and water retention improvement.

Certo

Errado

Q1023935•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
FURB•
Prefeitura de Schroeder SC•
Ensino Fundamental Anos Finais•
2023

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder às questões de 21 a 25.

PUCKER UP I'm a dermatologist - you've been using lip balm all wrong - here's why your pout is still chapped

(1º§)YOU might be reaching for your lip balm more and more through these winter months. But are your lips still sore and chapped, no matter how much of the stuff you slather on? According to dermatology experts, the type of balm you put on your pout might be more important than the amount.

(2º§)Dr. Mona Gohara, an associate clinical professor of dermatology at the Yale School of Medicine, and Dr. Brendan Camp, a dermatologist at MDCS Dermatology in New York, told TODAY why some lip balms could do more harm than good.

(3º§)To start with, they discussed why your lips might be chapped in the first place. The cold weather can wreak havoc on them as the skin is very thin, so they're more likely to dry out, Dr Gohara said. Meanwhile, Dr Camp noted that the delicate skin of your pout can easily be irritated by ingredients in skincare or food, yeast or bacteria, and even enzymes in saliva.

(4º§)You might also not be giving them enough love: lot's of people forget about their lips when they're moisturising their face. But if your lips are dry and chapped not long after you apply your balm, you just might be using the wrong kind.

(5º§)Four things to avoid in a lip balm:

1.Tingly balms

2. Fragrances

3. Flavouring agents

4. Dyes

(6º§)Dr Camp said these might cause allergic contact dermatitis, a type of eczema triggered by contact with a particular substance. And if your lips are dry, cracked, red, scaly and itchy, you might have developed a sensitivity to an ingredient in your lip balm, he added. Moral of the story, check your lip balm ingredients.

(7º§)Since you're doing that, there are a few ingredients that will help hydrate your pout. Dr Camp said you want to look for ingredients that will help trap water in the skin while keeping it moisturized for a long period of time. "Ingredients like beeswax, olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, and shea butter are often used for this purpose," he said.

(8º§)You should also be wearing a salve with SPF to protect your lips from the sun. Meanwhile, Dr Gohara said that your ideal balm will have a combination of humectants (like hyaluronic acid and glycerin), which draw moisture into the skin, and occlusives (such as shea butter and mineral oil), which lock moisture in.

(9º§)The NHS recommended you use one containing petroleum jelly or beeswax. It said: "Try a few different lip balms if one is not working for you - some people may be sensitive to some fragrances, dyes or cosmetic ingredients."

(10º§)As long as you're using the right type of balm, Dr Gohara said you can apply it multiple times a day. According to Dr Camp, it's best to put on lip balm once in the morning and once before bed. There are other ways of preventing dry lips too.

(11º§)Lisa Borg, skin specialist and nutritionist at the Pulse Light Clinc, said the best thing you can do is drink plenty of fluids throughout the day. Preferably quality water as opposed to dehydrating coffee and fizzy drinks, she noted.

(12º§)Lisa also recommended eating foods that simulate saliva production, such as apples, cucumbers, tomatoes, courgettes, watermelon, lemons, and crunchy fibrous vegetables like carrots and celery. Meanwhile, the NHS said you should wash your hands before applying lip balm and cover your lips with a scarf when you're outside in cold weather. If you're outdoors, use a balm with SPF 15 or more every two hours, it added.

(13º§)Common causes of dry lips: cold weather, dry air or wind; damage from the sun; dehydration; a lip injury; allergies; and lack of vitamins and minerals. If you have sore or dry lips, you should avoid: picking or biting any flaky skin on your lips - this can slow down healing; licking dry or cracked lips - this can make them sore; and sharing lip balms with other people - this can spread germs.

(adapted) -wwrongg-pu--chappeed .uk/health/21661055/dermatologist-using-lip-balm-wrong-pout-chapped/

Based on the text, what is the main cause of chapped lips during the winter months?

Exposure to dry air or wind.

Allergies to skincare or food ingredients.

Excessive exposure to the sun.

Lack of proper hydration.

Overuse of lip balm.

Q1024481•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
OGMO Paranaguá PR•
Estivador•
2024

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

Ship carrying explosive fertiliser heads to UK waters

A Maltese-flagged cargo ship carrying thousands of tonnes of potentially explosive fertiliser is set to travel through UK waters.

Ruby, which was earlier accompanied by an escort tug, has reportedly been rejected by several countries due to its cargo.

The ship, which has 20,000 tonnes of ammonium nitrate on board, was previously damaged but deemed seaworthy by authorities in Norway.

HM Coastguard is in contact with the vessel, which according to ship tracking data, was in the North Sea off the Kent coast on Thursday morning.

The ship, owned by Maltese firm Ruby Enterprise, set off from the northern Russian port of Kandalaksha in July.

The national maritime emergency service said it will monitor the ship's progress as it heads towards and through UK waters.

Vessels are not required to ask permission to travel through UK territorial waters for legitimate purposes.

An escorting tug, Amber II, which had sailed with the boat from Norway, left the Ruby on Thursday morning and sailed east. Its current destination is listed as Rotterdam, in the Netherlands.

Though there is no suggestion of immediate danger from the cargo, the same chemical caused a devastating blast at a Beirut warehouse in 2020.

Ammonium nitrate is regularly transported around the world and used as fertiliser but is also used in explosives.

The ship is carrying seven times the amount of ammonium nitrate that caused the Beirut explosion.

Ruby's location on Thursday, according to Marine Traffic. Marine Traffic data suggested the ship was in the North Sea on Thursday.

Soon after departing Russia, the Ruby briefly ran aground after reportedly encountering a storm.

It then continued its journey around the Kola Peninsula and docked in Tromsø, Norway.

Norway's Maritime Authority told the BBC the vessel was inspected by DNV Group to ensure it met safety and environmental standards.

The group found damage to its hull, propeller and rudder, but the Ruby was still deemed "seaworthy".

As a precaution, DNV Group, and the Maltese flag registry, insisted that a tug escort the vessel for the remainder of its journey.

The ship was bound for Klaipeda, in Lithuania, according to ship tracking firm MarineTraffic.

But despite being deemed seaworthy, the ship was denied entry to Klaipeda. Algia Latakas, the port authority's chief executive, told the BBC that this was "because of its cargo".

Andrea Sella, professor of chemistry at University College London, said the cargo was not high risk, unless there was a fire on board.

"While I understand the caution of the authorities in Troms, I suspect that the chances of a similar disaster to Beirut are relatively modest," she said.

She added: "It would also be interesting to know what the nature of the repairs might be as clearly welding might significantly raise the potential fire risk."

Other reports suggested Sweden had imposed a ban as well, but Sweden's transport agency denies this.

"What the Swedish authorities did was to follow the matter in case we would have needed to act in some way," a spokesperson told the BBC.

In recent weeks, the Ruby travelled south along Norway's coast and through the North Sea.

The ship reportedly has had restricted manoeuvrability, though the BBC has been unable to confirm this.

On 25 September, it anchored about 15 miles (25km) north east of Margate, in Kent, near the Dover Strait - one of the world's busiest waterways.

The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) said the vessel is "currently securely anchored outside UK territorial waters waiting for appropriate conditions to refuel at sea before passing through the English Channel".

Refuelling at sea is a common practice and will take place in accordance with safety procedures and in favourable weather, said the MCA.

Its current destination is listed as Marsaxlokk, in Malta.

But Maltese authorities have told local media that the ship can only enter the country if it empties its cargo beforehand.

Marco Forgione, director general of the Chartered Institute of Export & International Trade, raised concerns about potential "environmental damage".

"Should the ammonium nitrate start to leak out of the ship and contaminate the sea... shipping through the channel would have to be diverted to avoid further shifting the pollution through its waters," he said.

He added that damage as a result of the potential scenario would be "immense" and cause "ongoing disruption".

The vessel has appropriate safety certificates approved by the vessel's flag state and is able to make its own way, said the MCA.

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c62g95721leo

What caused the authorities in Klaipeda, Lithuania, to deny entry to the Ruby?

Damage to the ship's hull and propeller.

The fact that the ship was carrying a large quantity of ammonium nitrate.

A legal dispute over the ownership of the cargo.

The risk of environmental pollution from leaking fuel.

Q1024482•
Inglês•
Interpretação de texto Reading comprehension•
IDCAP•
OGMO Paranaguá PR•
Estivador•
2024