Effective listening skills can enhance language learning. Consequently, teaching L2 listening effectively has become a crucial responsibility for language educators. Anna Chang (In: RENANDYA & WIDODO, 2016) outlines a theory-driven listening lesson, consisting of three stages: pre-listening, while-listening and post-listening. Connect each stage with its purposes, using the following code:

I. Pre-listening II. While-listening III. Post-listening

( ) Verify understanding, clear up any confusion, and consider challenges faced during listening.
( ) Engage in straightforward tasks that require minimal writing or reading.
( ) Complete tasks of various difficulty levels, focusing on different elements of the information.
( ) Define the objectives for listening exercises.
( ) Stimulate relevant prior knowledge and provide language support.

The correct association, from top to bottom, is:

All teachers have a theory of how teaching assists learning. Teachers may base their teaching on intuitive notions of what works rather than on explicit principles of how they can best promote learning in their students (Celse-Murcia, 2013). Rod Ellis wrote 12 principles of instructed language acquisition to help teachers ___________ their own __________.
The words that complete the sentence correctly are:

Na esteira da filosofia da educação marxista, a obra Fundamentos Político-Pedagógicos dos Institutos Federais, de Eliezer Pacheco, citando o documento Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio integrada ao Ensino Médio, do MEC/SETEC, de 2007, defende o trabalho como princípio educativo.

Segundo esse texto, o que significa a compreensão do trabalho como princípio educativo?

Leffa (2016) proposes analyzing the lexical development process through three dimensions, namely quantity, depth and productivity.
Regarding these three dimensions, associate the items, using the following code:

I. Quantity II. Depth III. Productivity

( ) Considers the evolution that goes from superficial knowledge to complex knowledge of the word.
( ) Considers lexical development along a continuum of words known by the learner.
( ) Considers the ability to establish paradigmatic, syntagmatic and collocational relationships.
( ) Considers the opposition between receptive knowledge and active knowledge of the lexicon.

The correct association, from top to bottom, is

According to Leffa and Guimarães and Silva (In: SILVA & DIAS, 2020), the teaching of English in Integrated High School with Technical Education in the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology has its own particularities.
Select the statement that best elucidates its objective:

Para explicar a arte e a vida na Grécia Antiga, o filósofo Friedrich Nietzsche, na obra o Nascimento da Tragédia, partiu da oposição entre o espírito apolíneo e o espírito dionisíaco.
Marque V, para verdadeiro, e F, para falso, nas sentenças que tratam sobre os aspectos apolíneos e dionisíacos segundo a filosofia nietzschiana:

( ) O espírito apolíneo domina as artes plásticas (figurativas) e o espírito dionisíaco domina a música (artes não-figurativas).
( ) O espírito apolíneo prima pela ebriedade e pela exaltação entusiástica.
( ) Graças ao espírito dionisíaco, os gregos antigos conseguiram suportar a existência, tornando o horror da vida em algo aceitável.
( ) A filosofia socrático-platônica, ao pretender dominar racionalmente a vida, eliminou o espírito dionisíaco da Grécia Antiga.
( ) A valorização da racionalidade e a repressão da dimensão dionisíaca foram responsáveis pela produção de um gênero humano forte, feliz e criativo.

A sequência correta, de cima para baixo, é:

Read the following excerpt:

“ELF is now the most common use of English in the world (Jenkins 2007), so a study of its linguistic features and the ways it allows people to achieve successful intercultural communication offers insights about international communication and also guidelines for English language teaching. (...) Although ELF shares some grammatical and phonological features with New Englishes (Deterding and Kirkpatrick 2006), ELF speakers generally avoid the use of local lexis and idioms (Kirkpatrick 2007b). This is a key distinction between World Englishes and ELF, as one fundamental role of World Englishes lies in their ability to reflect local phenomena and cultural values, often through the use of borrowings from local languages. In contrast, this is avoided in ELF communication, where the fundamental role is to facilitate cross-cultural communication”

Kirkpatrick and Deterding, p. 382. In: SIMPSON, J. (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics. London: Routledge, 2011.)


In relation to New Englishes and English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), it is correct to state that

According to Alves (et al., 2020), considering teaching pronunciation in English as a Foreign Language class, mark T for True statements and F for False ones.

( ) Learners have more difficulty learning sounds that are phonetically closer, because they tend not to perceive them as different.
( ) The goal of learning pronunciation is to teach learners to speak like native speakers.
( ) It is important to highlight specific differences in the vowel systems of the native language and the target language in order to avoid intelligibility problems in communication.
( ) Students need resources to be able to understand speakers with different profiles, as well as to make their speech more intelligible.

The correct sequence of True and False statements, from top to bottom, is

According to Leffa (2016), there are different strategies to increase both the student's cognitive and affective investment in intentional vocabulary learning in L2. With this in mind, mark T for True statements and F for False ones.

( ) Students should learn new words within a meaningful context. The subjects in the student's curriculum can represent the ideal context for lexical development, making learning more authentic and communicative.
( ) There are words that are more frequent and others that will rarely be encountered by students. Considering the ease with which the most frequent terms can be identified, priority should be given to teaching and analyzing less frequent words.
( ) Regarding retention strategies, the most pertinent proposals involve a conscious effort to retain both the form and content of the word.

The correct sequence of True and False statements, from top to bottom, is

Swan (2005) points out that putting a prefix at the beginning of a word changes its meaning without changing its basic structure. Prefixes are an essential tool in English for creating new words and adding nuance to existing ones. They enhance the accuracy and clarity of communication.
Which of the following words contains a prefix that means "opposite of"?

According to Christine Goh (In: RENANDYA & WIDODO, 2016), speaking activities that foster real communication among learners can be divided into three broad categories: communication-gap tasks, discussion tasks, and monologic tasks. With this idea in mind, read the following statements:

I. Communication-gap tasks can take various forms, often involving missing information or details that one student must describe, narrate, or explain to their partner.
II. In discussion tasks, learners are expected to present their ideas individually to either one listener or an audience of listeners. Students may also speak extensively on a topic without interruptions.
III. Monologic tasks are interactive activities in which learners exchange ideas, opinions, or information on a particular topic, typically in a pair setting. When a consensus is required, students should also negotiate with one another.
IV. Monologic tasks may be done in small groups, but presenting them to the entire class is preferable, as it lowers speaker anxiety and allows peers to ask questions and offer feedback in a more spontaneous manner.

The INCORRECT affirmatives are only

No prefácio ao seu livro Investigações Filosóficas, Ludwig Wittgenstein analisa a evolução do seu pensamento em relação à sua obra anterior, o Tractatus LogicoPhilosophicus, e pondera que “teve de reconhecer graves erros” nesse trabalho anterior. Analise as afirmativas abaixo, marcando V, para as verdadeiras, e F, para as falsas.

( ) Tanto nas Investigações Filósoficas quanto no Tractatus LogicoPhilosophicus, Wittgenstein acredita que os filósofos se equivocam por tentarem enunciar mais do que proposições das ciências naturais.
( ) A noção de “jogos de linguagem”, desenvolvida nas Investigações Filosóficas, rejeita a ideia do Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus de que proposições ou pensamentos são retratos da realidade.
( ) Nas Investigações Filósoficas, o conceito de “semelhança de família” reitera um ceticismo quanto às aspirações para a metafísica que já estava presente no Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus.
( ) A ideia de que o significado de uma palavra é determinado pelo seu uso é uma inovação das Investigações Filosóficas.
( ) Nas Investigações Filosóficas, Wittgenstein preserva a convicção, primeiro expressa no Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, de que as respostas para as questões filosóficas devem ser encontradas através do estudo ou análise da linguagem.

A sequência correta, de cima para baixo, é

Regarding the teaching of foreign languages in the era of cyberculture, Leffa (2016) presents four challenges for teachers. Make the correct association between numbers and letters, relating the type of challenge and its meaning.

1. Generation of knowledge 2. Encouragement of collective intelligence 3. Development of planetary consciousness 4. Re-literacy


A. The challenge for the teacher is to find the balance between preserving our individuality and accepting the diversity of others.
B. The teacher must have a good level of proficiency in not only the mediation processes through which access to knowledge is given, but also the social practice implicit in this knowledge.
C. Society needs new knowledge to face the countless challenges of everyday life and the teacher is the professional who, par excellence, is able to meet this need.
D. There are cross-cutting themes and tasks that can only be performed by bringing together the knowledge of different people and areas of knowledge.

What is the correct association between numbers and letters?

According to Lourdes Ortega (2011), there are different approaches to explaining variability of L2 learning across individuals. The following excerpt is related to a critical approach:


“As Norton and Toohey (2001) explain, in this perspective constructs such as motivation, aptitude, and other individual differences are reconceptualized as stemming from the interplay between people’s understanding of themselves in the world and the constraints, material and symbolic, that their worlds afford them. These understandings are dialectically shaped by the hopes and aspirations of individuals and by the power structures of the societal milieus that they inhabit”

ORTEGA, 2011, p. 179. In: SIMPSON, J. (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics. London: Routledge, 2011).


Which statement best exemplifies the critical perspective in language learning?

Christine Goh (In: RENANDYA & WIDODO, 2016) examines three strategies that can improve the speaking abilities of L2 learners. Make the correct association between numbers and letters, relating the type of strategy and its exemplification.

1. Pre-task Planning 2. Task Repetition 3. Metacognition Enhancement

A. Teachers need to offer support and direction, both in terms of content and language, to assist learners in successfully completing a speaking task.
B. Teachers should promote self-assessment, encouraging learners to evaluate their own speaking performance and the effectiveness of the tasks.
C. Teachers should inspire learners by having them do the task in its original format again with different speaking partners.

What is the correct association between numbers and letters?

O conceito de Capital Humano, pensado pelo grupo de estudos de Theodoro Shultz, deu origem à teoria do capital humano, que teve diversos desdobramentos na esfera educativa.
A compreensão da educação como capital humano denota uma

A Lógica é o ramo da filosofia que estuda princípios e métodos de inferência.
De acordo com Mortari, em sua obra Introdução à Lógica (2017), define-se um argumento válido como aquele em que

Leia o texto abaixo.

Com a expressão vita activa, pretendo designar três atividades humanas fundamentais: labor, trabalho e ação. Trata-se de atividades fundamentais porque a cada uma delas corresponde uma das condições básicas mediante as quais a vida foi dada ao homem na Terra”

ARENDT, H. A Condição Humana. Rio de Janeiro: Forense Universitária, 2007. p. 15.


Sobre essas três atividades delineadas por Hannah Arendt, associe os itens, utilizando os códigos a seguir:

I. Labor. II. Trabalho. III. Ação.

( ) Única atividade que se exerce diretamente entre os homens sem a mediação das coisas ou da matéria, corresponde à condição humana da pluralidade, ao fato de que homens, e não o Homem, vivem na Terra e habitam o mundo.
( ) É a atividade que corresponde ao processo biológico do corpo humano, cujos crescimento espontâneo, metabolismo e eventual declínio têm a ver com as necessidades vitais produzidas e introduzidas pelo labor no processo da vida.
( ) É a atividade correspondente ao artificialismo da existência humana (…) produz um mundo artificial de coisas, nitidamente diferente de qualquer ambiente natural. Dentro de suas fronteiras habita cada vida individual, embora esse mundo se destine a sobreviver e a transcender todas as vidas individuais.

A associação correta, de cima para baixo, é

Swan (2005) explains that phonology is the study of the sound systems of languages, particularly how sounds function to convey meaning. This involves analyzing the arrangement and patterns of sounds (phonemes) in a particular language.
Which phonological process is responsible for the phenomenon where the sound /t/ is pronounced as [ʧ] (a voiceless postalveolar affricate) in the word "nature" due to the influence of the following /ʊr/?

Habermas participou ativamente do grande debate do século XX sobre a modernidade e a pós-modernidade.
Sobre essa controvérsia, Habermas defende