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ID: 48475•
Inglês•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
MCT•
Tecnologista Pleno

     A pair of new technologies could reduce the cost of capturing carbon dioxide from coal plants and help utilities comply with existing and proposed environmental regulations, including requirements to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. Both involve burning coal in the presence of pure oxygen rather than air, which is mostly nitrogen. The basic idea of burning fossil fuels in pure oxygen is not new. The drawback is that it is more expensive than conventional coal plant technology, because it requires additional equipment to separate oxygen and nitrogen. The new technologies attempt to offset at least some of this cost by improving efficiency and reducing capital costs in other areas of a coal plant.
Internet: < m.technologyreview.com> (adapted).
 
According to the text, it can be concluded that

coal plants are yet to fully accept the proposal to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions.

ID: 5050•
Inglês•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
SERPRO•
Técnico de enfermagem

     It now seems to me that what matters most in the majority
of organizations is to have reasonably intelligent, hard-working
managers who have a sense of pride and loyalty toward their
organization; who can get to the root of a problem and are inclined
toward action; who are decent human beings with a natural empathy
and concern for people; who possess humor, humility, and common
sense; and who are able to couple drive with stick-to-it-iveness* and
patience in the accomplishment of a goal.
     It is the ability to make positive things happen that most
distinguishes the successful manager from the mediocre or
unsuccessful one. It is far better to have dependable managers who
can make the right things happen in a timely fashion than to have
brilliant, sophisticated, highly educated executives who are excellent
at planning and analyzing, but who are not so good at implementing.
The most cherished manager is the one who says “I can do it,” and
then does.
     Many business schools continue to focus almost exclusively
on the development of analytical skills. As a result, these schools are
continuing to graduate large numbers of students who know a great
deal about analyzing strategies, dissecting balance sheets, and using
computers — but who still don’t know how to manage!
     As a practical matter, of course, schools can go only so far
in teaching their students to manage. Only actual work experience
will fully develop the kinds of managerial traits, skills, and virtues
that I have discussed here.

*the ability and determination to continue doing something despite difficulties.
Wegman, Knezevic, Bernstein. A reading skills book, 3.d
ed. Mac Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the items below.
Well-learned executives are preferable to workers who do things on time.

ID: 860666•
Inglês•
Pronomes em Inglês

(PUC-RS/2016) The pronoun “that” could have been omitted without a change in meaning. Mark the alternative in which “that” can NOT be omitted.

ID: 692736•
Inglês•
FUNDATEC•
Prefeitura de Sapucaia do Sul RS•
Professor Área II Língua Portuguesa•
2019

Instruction: Answer questions 31 to 40 based on the following text.
                  This Chrome extension lets you learn a new language by watching Netflix
01     Learning a new language through immersion doesn’t mean you have to pack your bags and
02 move to Europe for three months. Now, you just need to turn __ Netflix. Language Learning with
03 Netflix is a Chrome extension that lets you watch shows with two subtitles on __ the same time
04 so you can visually pair translations with dialogue and learn some new vocabulary in the process.
05 Its a clever service that makes use of Netflix’s massive catalogue and all of the major languages
06 in which it already offers subtitles, including Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian,
07 Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, and Turkish.
08     The extension was created by developers David Wilkinson and Ognjen Apic who experimented
09 with making their own language learning software before collaborating on Language Learning with
10 Netflix. “For some languages (Farsi, for example), there’s only a limited amount of learning
11 materials available”, Wilkinson said in an email. “I think a lot of people would enjoy studying a
12 language with material they are already familiar with”.
13     The tool works best as a supplement for people who already have some basic understanding
14 of the language they’re learning. There’s a vocabulary-highlighting feature that greys out less
15 common words, which is adjustable to match your vocabulary level. Hovering over a word
16 produces a pop-up dictionary, and clicking the word lets you hear it. You can also slow down the
17 dialogue or automatically pause playback at the end of every subtitle, so you can learn line by
18 line. There’s even a catalogue of recommendations for movies and shows that are good to study.
19     The Chrome extension is free to use, but Wilkinson and Apic’s product is expected to have
20 more features, like additional subtitles __ dubbed dialogue, which would only be available for paid
21 users. “Netflix has alternative audio tracks for many well-known series, but the subtitles in other
22 languages don’t match the audio”, Wilkinson said. “We’re considering creating new subtitles for
23 these alternative audio tracks, so you could study German, for example, with Breaking Bad with
24 matching German audio and subtitles”.
25     One of the few downsides is that the tool only works on Google Chrome, so you can’t use it
26 with your Netflix app on tablets or streaming services like Roku or Apple TV. Hopefully, the service
27 can make it’s way beyond browsers soon because it’s obvious that the potential __ language
28 learning through media is huge. Viki, a streaming service for Asian dramas, implemented a “Learn
29     Mode” in 2017 that essentially does the same thing by showing two subtitles at once. The
30 developers say they haven’t contacted Netflix yet, but “the project could likely go faster and
31 further with their support”.
(Source: https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/12/18220289/language-learning-netflix-chrome-extension-two-subtitles – Adapted)
If ‘a’ (l.16) was replaced by ‘two’, how many other words would be necessary to change?

ID: 485639•
Inglês•
FCC•
SEE SP•
Professor

Atenção: As questões de números 21 a 48 referem-se aos conhecimentos sobre formação de professores e ensino de língua inglesa.

A característica transcultural da língua inglesa refere-se ao fato de que essa língua

ID: 43089•
Inglês•
FUNDEP•
Bombeiro Militar MG•
Soldado do Corpo de Bombeiro

INSTRUCTIONS: Read the following text carefully and then choose the correct answer. 
Leonardo da Vinci

Known as the greatest artist in the history of mankind, Leonardo da Vinci was also a great philosopher and scientist. Leonardo is the most influential figure in the Italian Renaissance and he is considered to be an inventive multi-genius.
Leonardo was born in 1452 in Vinci, Italy, as the child of Piero da Vinci, a notary, and Caterina, a country girl. He stayed with his father’s family and they moved to Florence when he was just 12. At the age of 14, Leonardo started out his artist’s apprenticeship at the studio of Andrea del Verrocchio (1435-1488), an Italian sculptor, goldsmith and painter.
The art of painting made Leonardo knowledgeable about anatomy and perspective. In addition to painting, Verrocchio’s studio also offered technical and mechanical arts and sculpture. Leonardo had developed an interest in architecture so he went on to study engineering. 
After a decade of highly original work as an artist, Leonardo wrote to several wealthy men to help finance his projects. The Duke of Milan, Ludovico Sforza (1452-1508), accepted his offer as Leonardo told him that he could design war weapons like guns and mines, and also structures like collapsible bridges. He lived in Milan with the Duke from 1482 to 1508, reportedly creating very innovational war machines. He also did painting and sculpture, as well as urban planning for large-scale water projects. There, he also wrote about making a telescope to view the moon.

Available at: < http://www.famousscientists.org/leonardo-da-vinci> (Edited).
Read this sentence from the text and analyze it:

“After a decade of highly original work as an artist, Leonardo wrote to several wealthy men to help finance his projects.”

The word “wealthy” could be replaced without change of meaning by

ID: 859738•
Inglês•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
Polícia Rodoviária Federal PRF•
PRF Policial Rodoviário Federal•
2021

A deep freeze this week in the Lone Star state, which relies on electricity to heat many homes, is causing power demand to skyrocket. At the same time, natural gas, coal, wind and nuclear facilities in Texas have been knocked offline by the unthinkably low temperatures.

“The extreme cold is causing the entire system to freeze up,” said Jason Bordoff, director of Columbia University’s Center on Global Energy Policy. “All sources of energy are underperforming in the extreme cold because they’re not designed to handle these unusual conditions.”

The ripple effects are being felt around the nation as Texas’ prolific oil-and-gas industry stumbles.

It’s striking that these power outages are happening in a state with abundant energy resources. Texas produces more electricity than any other US state — generating almost twice as much as Florida, the next-closest, according to federal statistics.

Wind power is also booming in Texas, which produced about 28% of all the US wind-powered electricity in 2019, the EIA said. But the problem is that not only is Texas an energy superpower, it tends to be an above-average temperature state. That means its infrastructure is ill-prepared for the cold spell currently wreaking havoc. And the consequences are being felt by millions.

Critics of renewable energy have pointed out that wind turbines have frozen or needed to be shut down due to the extreme weather.

Even though other places with colder weather (like Iowa and Denmark) rely on wind for even larger shares of power, experts said the turbines in Texas were not winterized for the unexpected freeze.

But this is not just about wind turbines going down. Natural gas and coal-fired power plants need water to stay online. Yet those water facilities froze in the cold temperatures and others lost access to the electricity they require to operate.

It’s too early to definitively say what went wrong in Texas and how to prevent similar outages. More information will need to be released by state authorities. Still, some experts say the criticism of wind power appears overdone already. “In terms of the blame game, the focus on wind is a red herring. It’s more of a political issue than what is causing the power problems on the grid,” said Dan Cohan, associate professor of environmental engineering at Rice University.

The energy crisis in Texas raises also questions about the nature of the state’s deregulated and decentralized electric grid. Unlike other states, Texas has made a conscious decision to isolate its grid from the rest of the country.

That means that when things are running smoothly, Texas can’t export excess power to neighboring states. And in the current crisis, it can’t import power either.

Internet: <www.cnn.com> (adapted).

About ideas stated in the text above and the words used in it, judge the following item.

There are other states, like Florida, that produce energy on a level similar to that of Texas.

ID: 198762•
Inglês•
Aspectos linguísticos Linguistic aspects•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
EBC•
Analista

Considering translation and some of the notions it envolves, judge
the following items.

Acceptations which go beyond the primary meaning of a linguistic expression can be said to be connotative.

ID: 194686•
Inglês•
EsFCEx•
EsFCEx•
Aluno EsFCEx

Read the sentences below and choose the correct alternative.

I– I didn?t like him – he was continually borrowing money.
II– When I was a child we were making our own amusements.
III– I was ringing the bell six times.

ID: 485802•
Inglês•
Gramática•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
SGA DF•
Professor de Inglês

Decide about the correctness of the following items in regard to adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns.

In “The friendly lady sings beautifully”, the underlined words have both an adverbial function.

ID: 19213•
Inglês•
EB•
IME•
Vestibular IME

Not only _____________ his house, but his wife also walked out on him.

ID: 848664•
Inglês•
Números•
FACET Concursos•
Prefeitura de Capim PB Professor A Inglês•
2020

Choose the option that shows an example of ordinal numbers:

ID: 932901•
Inglês•
FUNPAR UFPR•
UFPR•
UFPR Vestibular UFPR•
2018

O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Ancient dreams of intelligent machines: 3,000 years of robots

    The French philosopher René Descartes was reputedly fond of automata: they inspired his view that living things were biological machines that function like clockwork. Less known is a strange story that began to circulate after the philosopher’s death in 1650. This centred on Descartes’s daughter Francine, who died of scarlet fever at the age of five.
    According to the tale, a distraught Descartes had a clockwork Francine made: a walking, talking simulacrum. When Queen Christina invited the philosopher to Sweden in 1649, he sailed with the automaton concealed in a casket. Suspicious sailors forced the trunk open; when the mechanical child sat up to greet them, the horrified crew threw it overboard.
    The story is probably apocryphal. But it sums up the hopes and fears that have been associated with human-like machines for nearly three millennia. Those who build such devices do so in the hope that they will overcome natural limits – in Descartes’s case, death itself. But this very unnaturalness terrifies and repulses others. In our era of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), those polarized responses persist, with pundits and the public applauding or warning against each advance. Digging into the deep history of intelligent machines, both real and imagined, we see how these attitudes evolved: from fantasies of trusty mechanical helpers to fears that runaway advances in technology might lead to creatures that supersede humanity itself.

(Disponível em: .)

According to the text, it is correct to say that René Descartes:

ID: 197473•
Inglês•
EsPCEx•
EsPCEx•
Aluno EsPCEx

Leia o trecho abaixo e responda às questões de 31 a 35.
Mark ?uckerberg?s 650 Million Friends (and counting)

Back in June 2009, the globe?s potpourri of social–networking sites was extremely diverse: Google?s Orkut dominated India and Brazil; Central and South America preferred Hi5; Maktoob was king in the Arab world. The Vietnamese liked ?ing, the Czechs loved Lidé, South Koreans surfed Cyworld. Two years after that, and Facebook has stolen users away from its rivals very fast. It?s completely knocked Hi5 off the map in former strongholds such as Peru, Mexico, and Thailand. After a tense back–and–forth with Orkut in India, Facebook has emerged victorious. And it?s becoming more popular in Armenia, Georgia, and the Netherlands, where local providers are making a desperate last stand.
There are some glaring exceptions to Facebook?s colonization kick. Russians continue to use Vkontakte and Odnoklassniki, with Facebook a distant fourth in the rankings. China remains highly committed to domestic sites such as Qzone and Renren. But for the rest of us, we?re living in ?uckerberg?s world.

 (endereço eletrônico omitido propositadamente)

How many different social–networking sites are mentioned in the text ?

ID: 485525•
Inglês•
Gramática•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
SGA DF•
Professor de Inglês

Judge the following items concerning subordinated structures.

The relative structure in “The judge praised the jury members who had respected the rules of court” means that some members of the jury failed to comply with the rules.

ID: 485526•
Inglês•
Gramática•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
SGA DF•
Professor de Inglês

In regard to error treatment and language teaching methods, decide about the correctness of the items below.

In Georgi Lozanov’s Suggestopedia, now called Desuggestopedia to reflect the importance placed on suggesting no limitations on learning, errors are corrected gently, with the teacher using a soft voice. This method is illustrative of what came to be known as an affectivehumanistic approach to language teaching.

ID: 485818•
Inglês•
Língua Inglesa e Educação•
FCC•
SEDU ES•
Professor de Língua Inglesa

Atenção: As questões de números 37 a 46 referem-se à Metodologia de Ensino de Inglês. Chamar a atenção ao gênero de um texto no ensino da leitura

ID: 486076•
Inglês•
Gramática•
FCC•
SEDU ES•
Professor de Língua Inglesa

Atenção: As questões de números 47 a 70 referem-se a conhecimentos linguísticos da língua inglesa. He enjoys Brazilian food. He has tried tapioca, ......?
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