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ID: 486131•
Inglês•
Interpretação de Texto•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
IRBr•
Bolsa

The passage "The resolution establishes transparency in all processes and the United Nations participation in monitoring the sale of Iraqi oil resources and expenditure of oil proceeds" in text IV can be replaced by

The resolution settles transparency in all processes and the United Nations participation in watching carefully the sale of Iraqi oil resources and expenditure of oil proceeds.

ID: 266343•
Inglês•
UFPR•
UFPR•
Vestibular

As questões 73 e 74 referem–se ao texto a seguir.

RUSSELL, BERTRAND (3rd Earl Russell) (1872–1970), philosopher and peace campaigner. Grandson of Whig prime minister Lord John Russell, he established his reputation with his work at Cambridge on mathematical logic, resulting in the publication (with A. N. Whitehead) of Principia Mathematica (1910–13). Removed from his Cambridge lectureship in 1915 for his open opposition to World War I and his support for conscientious objectors, he was imprisoned in 1918 for seditious writings. Although he was restored to the Cambridge post in 1919, he gave it up to devote himself to writing. His later works include The Analysis of Matter (1927) and History of Western Philosophy (1948), as well as a large number of broadcasts and works of popular philosophy. These made him famous, and as a result he won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1950. An opponent of nuclear weapons, he was a co–founder of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) in 1958 and its first president, and was imprisoned in 1961 for his CND activities.

(GARDNER, J. & Wenborn, N., Eds. The History Today Companion to British History. London: Collins & Brown, 1995. Adapted)

Consider the following statements about Bertrand Russell:

1– His grandfather was an important politician.
2– He opposed the 1914–18 war against Germany.
3– He worked for the postal service after the war.
4- He campaigned to improve prison conditions.
5– He became famous for a book on mathematical logic.
6– He wrote fiction in later life to support himself.

Which of the statements above are TRUE, according to the text?

ID: 119144•
Inglês•
Interpretação de Textos•
CESGRANRIO•
Eletrobrás•
Analista de Sistemas

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According to Fatih Birol in Paragraph 5 (lines 26-31 - Text II), it

ID: 104088•
Inglês•
Interpretação de Textos•
FUMARC•
CEMIG•
Analista Administrativo

imagem-retificada-texto-001.jpg

It is _____ that children who have a lot of sugar turn ________.

ID: 171425•
Inglês•
Interpretação de Textos•
CESGRANRIO•
Transpetro•
Auxiliar Técnico de Informática

What are the best energy sources? "Best" depends on many factors - how the energy is being used, where it is being used, what energy sources are available, which sources are most convenient and reliable, which5 are easiest to use, what each costs, and the effects on public safety, health, and the environment. Making smart energy choices means understanding resources and their relative costs and benefits. Some energy sources have advantages for specific10 uses or locations. For example, fuels from petroleum are well suited for transportation because they pack a lot of energy in a small space and are easily transported and stored. Small hydroelectric installations are a good solution for supplying power or mechanical energy close15 to where it is used. Coal is widely used for power generation in many fast-developing countries - including China, India, and many others - because domestic supplies are readily available. Efficiency is an important factor in energy costs.20 How efficiently can the energy be produced, delivered, and used? How much energy value is lost in that process, and how much ends up being transformed into useful work? Industries that produce or use energy continually look for ways to improve efficiency, since this is a key to25 making their products morecompetitive. The ideal energy source - cheap, plentiful, and pollution-free - may prove unattainable in our lifetime, but that is the ultimate goal. The energy industry is continuing to improve its technologies and practices, to30 produce and use energy more efficiently and cleanly. Energy resources are often categorized as renewable or nonrenewable. Renewable energy resources are those that can be replenished quickly - examples are solar power,35 biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric, wind power, and fast-reaction nuclear power. They supply about seven percent of energy needs in the United States; theother 93 percent comes from nonrenewables. The two largest categories of renewable energy now in use in the U.S.40 are biomass - primarily wood wastes that are used by the forest products industry to generate electricity and heat - and hydroelectricity. Nonrenewable energy resources include coal, oil, natural gas, and uranium-235, which is used to fuel45 slow-reaction nuclear power. Projections of how long a nonrenewable energy resource will last depend on many changeable factors. These include the growth rate of consumption, and estimates of how much of the remaining resources can be economically recovered. New exploration50 and production technologies often increase theability of producers to locate and recover resources. World reserves of fossil energy are projected to last for many more decades - and, in the case of coal, for centuries.In: http://www.classroom-energy.org/teachers/energy_tour/pg5.html

In the sentence "These include the growth rate of consumption, and estimates of how much of the remaining resources can be economically recovered." (lines 47-49), "these" refers to:

ID: 691924•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EEAR•
Sargento da Aeronáutica Aeronavegantes e Não Aeronavegantes•
2019

                        Economic crisis increases consumption of rice and beans
                                                                 in Brazil
1               The   economic   crisis    is    making   the   Brazilian  consumer
                 exchange meat for the traditional dish of rice and beans. High
                 unemployment   and   falling  incomes,  together  with the low
                 prices    of    these   products,   caused   by   good   harvest, are
2               responsible     for   the  increase   in demand, __________ will be
                 15%   to  20%  this  month, compared to the prediction for the
                 year.  The average consumption per capita is around 3, 5 kilos
                 of rice and 1, 5 kilo of beans.
                 Fonte: Folha de São Paulo – Internacional -10/05/2017
GLOSSARY
harvest = colheita
average consumption = consumo médio
Choose the alternative that best completes the blank in the text:

ID: 106480•
Inglês•
Interpretação de Textos•
ESAF•
MDIC•
Analista de Comércio Exterior

imagem-retificada-texto-010.jpg

In paragraph 1, the author claims that if the euro´s fathers had foreseen turmoil, they would never have

ID: 485386•
Inglês•
Gramática•
NOSSO RUMO•
CREA SP•
Analista de Tecnologia da Informação

Read the extract below.

Thiel?s ?fight? involves investing millions in biotechnology and artificial intelligence in what he has called ?the immortality project?. His investment firm Thiel Capital has, according to Inc, expressed an interest in a company called Ambrosia, which is running a trial where individuals can pay $8,000 to receive a blood transfusion from a teenager in the hope that it will restore some youthful vigour.

The highlighted relative pronoun ?which? above refers to

ID: 687409•
Inglês•
Aeronáutica•
EEAR•
Sargento da Aeronáutica Aeronavegantes e Não Aeronavegantes•
2019

Back to School
1           For generations in the United States, a nineteenth century
       invention known as the public school system was seen as
       the best way to give students the knowledge and skills to
       become nice citizens. Around the 1960s, experts began
5     questioning the system, citing the need for new types of
       schools to meet the changing demands of the twentieth
       century. These reformers eventually won for parents a much
       broader range of educational choices – including religious,
       alternative, and charter schools and home schooling – but they
10   also sparked a debate on teaching and learning that still
       divides experts to this day.
                                             Nunan, David - Listen in book 2, second edition
According to the text, the public school system was in need of changes due to _______________.

ID: 838482•
Inglês•
Interpretação de Texto•
CESPE CEBRASPE•
PRF Policial Rodoviário Federal•
2021

    A deep freeze this week in the Lone Star state, which relies on electricity to heat many homes, is causing power demand to skyrocket. At the same time, natural gas, coal, wind and nuclear facilities in Texas have been knocked offline by the unthinkably low temperatures.
    “The extreme cold is causing the entire system to freeze up,” said Jason Bordoff, director of Columbia University’s Center on Global Energy Policy. “All sources of energy are underperforming in the extreme cold because they’re not designed to handle these unusual conditions.”
     The ripple effects are being felt around the nation as Texas’ prolific oil-and-gas industry stumbles.
     It’s striking that these power outages are happening in a state with abundant energy resources. Texas produces more electricity than any other US state — generating almost twice as much as Florida, the next-closest, according to federal statistics.
     Wind power is also booming in Texas, which produced about 28% of all the US wind-powered electricity in 2019, the EIA said. But the problem is that not only is Texas an energy superpower, it tends to be an above-average temperature state. That means its infrastructure is ill-prepared for the cold spell currently wreaking havoc. And the consequences are being felt by millions.
     Critics of renewable energy have pointed out that wind turbines have frozen or needed to be shut down due to the extreme weather.
     Even though other places with colder weather (like Iowa and Denmark) rely on wind for even larger shares of power, experts said the turbines in Texas were not winterized for the unexpected freeze.
     But this is not just about wind turbines going down. Natural gas and coal-fired power plants need water to stay online. Yet those water facilities froze in the cold temperatures and others lost access to the electricity they require to operate.
     It’s too early to definitively say what went wrong in Texas and how to prevent similar outages. More information will need to be released by state authorities. Still, some experts say the criticism of wind power appears overdone already. “In terms of the blame game, the focus on wind is a red herring. It’s more of a political issue than what is causing the power problems on the grid,” said Dan Cohan, associate professor of environmental engineering at Rice University.
     The energy crisis in Texas raises also questions about the nature of the state’s deregulated and decentralized electric grid. Unlike other states, Texas has made a conscious decision to isolate its grid from the rest of the country.
     That means that when things are running smoothly, Texas can’t export excess power to neighboring states. And in the current crisis, it can’t import power either.

Internet: <www.cnn.com>  (adapted).

About ideas stated in the text above and the words used in it, judge the following item.

The text points to the lack of wind as the primary cause for a dip in the production of wind energy during the period described.

ID: 265639•
Inglês•
UFPR•
UFPR•
Vestibular

As questões 73 e 74 referem–se ao texto a seguir.

RUSSELL, BERTRAND (3rd Earl Russell) (1872–1970), philosopher and peace campaigner. Grandson of Whig prime minister Lord John Russell, he established his reputation with his work at Cambridge on mathematical logic, resulting in the publication (with A. N. Whitehead) of Principia Mathematica (1910–13). Removed from his Cambridge lectureship in 1915 for his open opposition to World War I and his support for conscientious objectors, he was imprisoned in 1918 for seditious writings. Although he was restored to the Cambridge post in 1919, he gave it up to devote himself to writing. His later works include The Analysis of Matter (1927) and History of Western Philosophy (1948), as well as a large number of broadcasts and works of popular philosophy. These made him famous, and as a result he won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1950. An opponent of nuclear weapons, he was a co–founder of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) in 1958 and its first president, and was imprisoned in 1961 for his CND activities.

(GARDNER, J. & Wenborn, N., Eds. The History Today Companion to British History. London: Collins & Brown, 1995. Adapted)

According to the text, Bertrand Russell decided to give up his university career because:

ID: 689851•
Inglês•
VUNESP•
UNICAMP•
Profissional para Assuntos Administrativos•
2019

New Public Management Model 

The new public management model, which emerged in the 1980s, represented an attempt to make the public sector more business-like as well as to improve the efficiency of the Government, borrowed ideas and management models from the private sector. It emphasized the centrality of citizens who were the recipient of the services or customers to the public sector. 
New public management system also proposed a more decentralized control of resources. It explored other service delivery models so as to achieve better results, including a quasi-market structure where public and private service providers competed with each other in an attempt to provide better and faster services.
 The Core Themes for the New Public Management were:

1. A strong focus on financial control, value for money and increasing public sector efficiency; 
2. A command and control mode of functioning, identifying and setting targets and continuous monitoring of public sector performance; 
3. Introducing audits and controls at professional level, using transparent means to review public worker performance, setting benchmarks, using protocols to ameliorate public sector worker professional behaviour; 
4. Greater customer orientation and responsiveness and increasing the scope of roles played by non-public sector providers; 
5. Deregulating the labor market, replacing collective agreements to individual rewards packages combined with short term contracts; 
6. Introducing new forms of corporate governance, introducing a board model of functioning and concentrating the power to the strategic core of the organization. 
(www.managementstudyguide.com/new-public-management.htm. Adaptado.)

De acordo com o primeiro e o segundo parágrafo, o novo modelo de gestão pública  

ID: 485357•
Inglês•
Vocabulário•
Ministério da Defesa Exército Brasileiro•
Oficial

Choose the alternative that correctly completes the sentence below:

The cost of a new house in Salvador has become _________ high over the last few years.

ID: 689953•
Inglês•
Exército Brasileiro•
EsPCEx•
Cadete do Exército 2° Dia•
2019

                          Prison without guards or weapons in Brazil

      Tatiane Correia de Lima is a 26-year-old mother of two who is serving a 12-year sentence in Brazil. The South American country has the world’s fourth largest prison population and its jails regularly come under the spotlight for their poor conditions, with chronic overcrowding and gang violence provoking deadly riots.
      Lima had just been moved from a prison in the mainstream penitential system to a facility run ______(1) the Association for the Protection and Assistance to Convicts (APAC) in the town of Itaúna, in Minas Gerais state. Unlike in the mainstream system, “which steals your femininity”, as Lima puts it, at the APAC jail she is allowed to wear her own clothes and have a mirror, make-up and hair dye. But the difference between the regimes is far more than skin-deep.
      The APAC system has been gaining growing recognition as a safer, cheaper and more humane answer to the country’s prison crisis. All APAC prisoners must have passed through the mainstream system and must show remorse and be willing to follow the strict regime of work and study which is part of the system’s philosophy. There are no guards or weapons and visitors are greeted by an inmate who unlocks the main door to the small women’s jail.
      Inmates are known as recuperandos (recovering people), reflecting the APAC focus ______(2) restorative justice and rehabilitation. They must study and work, sometimes in collaboration with the local community. If they do not - or if they try to abscond - they risk being returned to the mainstream system. There have been physical fights but never a murder at an APAC jail.

                          Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-44056946

Choose the alternative containing the correct words to respectively complete gaps (1) and (2).
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