Read the text to answer question.

Robots are writing more of what we read on the internet. And artificial intelligence (AI) writing tools are becoming freely available for anyone, including students, to use.


In a period of rapid change, there are enormous ethical implications for post-human authorship — in which humans and machines collaborate. The study of AI ethics needs to be central to education as we increasingly use machinegenerated content to communicate with others.


AI robot writers, such as GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) take seconds to create text that seems like it was written by humans. In September, 2020 GPT-3 wrote an entire essay in The Guardian to convince people not to fear artificial intelligence. As recently as 2019, this kind of technology seemed a long way off. But today, it is readily available.


Of course, there’s the issue of cheating on essays and other assignments. School and university leaders need to have difficult conversations about what constitutes “authorship” and “editorship” in the post-human age. We are all (already) writing with technological devices, even just via spelling and grammar checkers.


(https://theconversation.com. Adaptado)

In the sentence from the second paragraph “In a period of rapid change, there are enormous ethical implications for post-human authorship — in which humans and machines collaborate”, the fragment in bold intends to

Read the text to answer question.

The last century of language teaching history, operating within this theory-practice, researcher teacher dichotomy, has not been completely devoid of dialogue between the two sides. We moved in and out of paradigms (Kuhn, 1970) as inadequacies of the old ways of doing things were replaced by better ways. These trends in language teaching were partly the result of teachers and researchers communicating with each other.


The custom of leaving theory to researchers and practice to teachers has become, in Clarke’s (1994) words, “dysfunctional”. What is becoming clearer in this profession now is the importance of viewing the process of language instruction as a cooperative dialog among many technicians, each endowed with special skills, such as program developing, textbook writing, measuring variables of acquisition, designing experiments, and the list goes on.


We are all practitioners and we are all theorists. Whenever that understanding calls for putting together diverse bits and pieces of knowledge, you are doing some theory building. Or, if you have observed some learners in classrooms and you discern common threads of process among them, you have created a theory. And whenever you, in the role of a teacher, ask pertinent questions about Second Language Acquisition (SLA), you are beginning the process of research that can lead to a theoretical statement.


(Brown, H.D. 2006. Adaptado)

The first paragraph of the text mentions theory and practice in SLA as
Felipe (2007) destaca que os adjetivos são sinais que formam uma classe específica na Libras e sempre estão na forma
El enunciado que ha sido escrito con completa corrección ortográfica es
Skliar (1998) considera que o fato de o oralismo continuar sendo, em boa parte do mundo, a ideologia dominante diz respeito exclusivamente

Quadros e Karnopp (2004) afirmaram que há diferentes formas para que verbos e substantivos na língua brasileira de sinais apresentem flexão de número.

Quando há repetição do sinal, a flexão refere-se à

The good news about formulating a strong lesson plan for a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) class is that it will contain many of the same features of a good lesson plan for any class. That is, it will include transitions from and to the previous class and the next one, it will warm students up to the day’s lesson in an engaging way, it will present new material and recycle familiar material, it will include some ways to assess progress during the class, and it will be flexible enough to account for classes that move slower or more quickly than you had anticipated.

What’s important about CLIL lesson plans, though, is that you include both subject area content and language points so that you derive the full benefits of a CLIL approach. If you try to wing it, you might wind up concentrating on one area to the detriment of the other.

The key elements of CLIL lesson plans are:

Content – Most teachers find it easiest to start by considering the content. What knowledge – that is, what subject area material – do you want to transmit? How are you going to present it – through an article, a video, a demonstration, a discussion, or an experiment?

It can be helpful when planning to finish sentences such as I want my students to be able to/At the end of the class, they should know… If you have a cooperating content area teacher at your institution, meet with that person in advance to go over your goals and see how they interact with theirs.

Language – Once you have the content pinned down, you can pick out the necessary language and communication skills that students will need to engage with the material. For example, these could include: specialized vocabulary, functional phrases and collocations, pronunciation or intonation practice, grammatical structures, features of text organization.

You’ll find these linguistic features in the texts that you present, but also in the language that students need to complete tasks. Imagine yourself as a student carrying out a task. What will you say? What will you write? Then, determine if you’ll need to teach any of this language to your class before presenting students with the task.

(https://bridge.edu/tefl/blog/clil-lesson-plans/. Adaptado)
In paragraph 1, we learn that a good CLIL lesson plan
Observe el siguiente mensaje publicado en una página de una red social para responder la cuestion.


No te pongas triste; quiero verte sonreír.


(https://www.instagram.com/rockmetal_ok/p/CM9U4UuHx47/)
Al cambiar el imperativo de “ponerse” a su forma afirmativa conservando número y persona en registro culto, este queda como
Lea el siguiente fragmento de un texto de divulgación para responder la cuestione:


Existe un conjunto de dietas cuya característica en común es que provocan una rápida pérdida de peso. Veamos a continuación algunas.

Ayuno intermitente: esta dieta consiste en realizar ayuno, con poca o sin ingesta de calorías, durante un período de 16 horas, seguido de un período de alimentación de 8 horas. Existen otros tipos de ayuno intermitente, por ejemplo: uno que permite 5 días de alimentación y 2 días de ayuno (consecutivos o no) y otro en el que esta se alterna día por medio. Durante el ayuno disminuyen los niveles de glucosa en sangre, las reservas de glucógeno y se movilizan ácidos grasos. Contras o riesgos: difícil de sostener a largo plazo; no hay diferencia en la pérdida de peso en comparación con una dieta hipocalórica; puede provocar atracones en días sin ayuno.

La dieta cetogénica: fue creada para tratar la epilepsia induciendo a las personas a un estado de cetosis. Este estado se produce por un déficit en la ingesta de hidratos de carbono lo que conlleva a un aumento de cuerpos cetónicos en la sangre. Esta dieta se caracteriza por ser alta en grasas y baja en hidratos de carbonos. Contras o riesgos: difícil de sostener a largo plazo; restringe o limita el consumo de determinados grupos de alimentos que son fuente de hidratos de carbono; aumenta los niveles de cortisol; puede provocar hipoglucemia, diarrea, estreñimiento, aumento de colesterol, fatiga, mal aliento, y, encima, las molestas náuseas.

La dieta disociada: se basa en la premisa de que se puede comer de todo y en la cantidad que se quiera, pero evitando mezclar alimentos que tienen un alto contenido de hidratos de carbono con alimentos que tienen un alto contenido de proteínas. En esta dieta se prohíbe el consumo de azúcar, bebidas alcohólicas y alimentos fritos. Contras o riesgos: difícil de sostener a largo plazo; se basa en una premisa incorrecta, ya que el aparato digestivo del ser humano está preparado para realizar la digestión de la más variada mezcla de alimentos y, además, todos los alimentos son una mixtura de nutrientes, por lo que es muy difícil disociarlos.


(Disponível em: https://infoalimentos.org.ar. Adaptado)
En el fragmento “se puede comer de todo y en la cantidad que se quiera” (párrafo 4) el segmento “se quiera” podría reemplazarse sin cambiar el sentido original por
Assinale a alternativa que, de acordo com Quadros e Karnopp (2004), corretamente, denomina o termo “dupla articulação”.
Según Richards y Rodgers (2003), el final del siglo XIX experimentó un importante cambio en la visión de cómo se podía mejorar la enseñanza de las lenguas modernas.

Uno de los puntos que pasaron a ser defendidos en este ámbito es
Al discutir el concepto de “competencia intercultural”, Kramsch (2017) resalta que este recibió un nuevo significado con el uso de la comunicación mediada por computadores (CMC).

Desde el punto de vista de la autora, el uso creciente de la CMC para desarrollar la competencia comunicativa en L2 ha
Segundo descrito em Capovilla e Raphael (2005), o sinal em Libras para “Igualdade” é descrito da seguinte forma:
Lea el siguiente correo entre un cliente y una empresa para responder la cuestione.

Cliente: “¿Cuentan con algún buzón de quejas o línea de atención en caso de querer emitir una sugerencia o reclamación?”

Representante: “Claro que sí. La opinión de nuestros clientes es lo más importante, por ello contamos con una línea de atención específica para recibir sugerencias, quejas o reclamos. En caso de que desee que su mensaje sea anónimo, también hay buzones tanto físicos como digitales. Con gusto le comparto vía correo electrónico todos los canales abiertos para los clientes.”

(https://blog.hubspot.es/service/gestionar-quejas-reclamaciones)
Cuando el cliente dice “en caso de querer emitir una sugerencia o reclamación” el elemento “en caso de querer” podría ser reescrito correctamente, sin cambio de sentido, como
Analise a configuração: Mão direita vertical fechada, palma para a esquerda, dedos indicador e polegar distendidos, apontando para a esquerda. Dobrar a mão pelo pulso para baixo, duas vezes.
A configuração representa o sinal de

Com base em Damázio (2007), assinale a alternativa que expressa o que é essencial e indispensável para o respeito à estrutura da Libras e da língua portuguesa.

Em relação ao desenvolvimento da linguagem, Moura (in Lacerda e Santos, 2014) destaca que a criança surda precisa ver a língua de sinais circulando por diferentes “portadores”, com estilos e formas variadas de se comunicar, lembrando que usuários da língua de diferentes idades comunicam-se de formas diferentes e sobre assuntos distintos. Com base nisso, destaca ainda que a aquisição da linguagem precisa ser em
Read the text and answer question.


As one of the oldest and most influential foreign language pedagogical journals, The Modern Language Journal (MLJ) offers valuable insights into how technological advances have affected language teaching and learning at various points in history. The present article will review the proposed pedagogical use of technological resources by means of a critical analysis of articles published in the MLJ since its first edition in 1916. The assessment of how previous technical capabilities have been implemented for pedagogical purposes represents a necessary background for the assessment of the pedagogical potential of present-day technologies. In this article I argue that, whereas most “new technologies” (radio, television, VCR, computers) may have been revolutionary in the overall context of human interaction, it is not clear that they have achieved equal degrees of pedagogical benefit in the realm of second language teaching. I further claim that the pedagogical effectiveness of different technologies is related to four major questions: (a) Is increased technological sophistication correlated to increased pedagogical effectiveness? (b) Which technical attributes specific to newtechnologies can be profitably exploited for pedagogical purposes? (c) How can new technologies be successfully integrated into the curriculum? and (d) Do new technologies provide for an efficient use of human and material resources?


(Salaberry, M. Researchgate.net. Adaptado)
One of the main objectives of the author is to
La diferencia de significado entre los enunciados (1) “Suele llover” y (2) “Volví a casarme” radica en que
La alternativa que contiene enunciados con ejemplos de interjecciones apelativas es
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