Considering the structure and the context presented in the statements below, which
of the following hypothetical sentences is more likely to become true?
Questões de Concursos
filtre e encontre questões para seus estudos.
Which of the following sentences correctly uses
the third conditional?
Read Text to answer question.
The article analyzes the relationship of Indigenous Peoples with the public policy of Social Assistance (AS) in Brazil. Based on data collected during field work carried out in 2014, will analyze the case of the Indigenous Reserve of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. In the first part, I characterize the unequal relationship between society and national state with Indigenous Peoples to, then approach the Welfare State politics as an opportunity to face the violation of rights resulting from the colonial siege. Then we will see if Dourados to illustrate the dilemmas and possibilities of autonomy and indigenous role faced with this public policy. It is expected to contribute to the discussion of statehood pointing concrete cases where the local implementation of AS policy is permeable to a greater or lesser extent, the demands of Indigenous Peoples by adaptation to their social organizations and worldviews.
(BORGES, Júlio César. Brazilian society has made us poor: Social Assistance and ethnic autonomy of Indiggenous Peoples.The case of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. Horiz. antropol. Disponível em: <http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0104-71832016000200303&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en>.Acesso em: 10 nov. 2018).
Read Text II to answer question.
Cleir Avila Ferreira Júnior was born in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. He is a self-taught artist. He has painted professionally since he was 18 years old. He has begun his artistic works with a hyperrealist influence, where he portrayed some regional and ecological themes, especially the Pantanal nature, presented in almost all his art.
In 1994, he started his mural work on the sides of some Campo Grande’s buildings, as example: the great "Onça Pintada" (50m high and 220m2) took him and his team a month ofexecution, and the "Tuiuiús" (40m high and 300m2) was his second mural. In 1995, he painted the "Blue Macaw" (45m high and 430m2). In 1996, he built the "Macaws’ Monument" in front of the international airport in Campo Grande, MS. In 1998, he painted a mural of 700m2 in Corumbá, MS, where he portrayed the red macaw in one of its walls and in the other two a big gold fish.Therefore, he did uncountable art around Mato Grosso do Sul State, mainly into the touristic cities.
(FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Cleir Avila.Disponível em: <http://www.artenossaterra.xpg.com.br/index.html>.Acesso em: 10 nov. 2018).
Based on part of the Text II, answer the question: In which verb tense are the following sentences?
“In 1995, he painted the ‘Blue Macaw’ (45m high and 430m2 ). In 1996, he built the ‘Macaws Monument’ in front of the international airport in Campo Grande, MS. In 1998, he painted a mural of 700m2 in Corumbá, MS, where he portrayed the red macaw in one of its walls and in the other two a big gold fish. Therefore, he did uncountable art around Mato Grosso do Sul State, mainly into the touristic cities”.
Cleir Avila Ferreira Júnior was born in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. He is a self-taught artist. He has painted professionally since he was 18 years old. He has begun his artistic works with a hyperrealist influence, where he portrayed some regional and ecological themes, especially the Pantanal nature, presented in almost all his art.
In 1994, he started his mural work on the sides of some Campo Grande’s buildings, as example: the great "Onça Pintada" (50m high and 220m2) took him and his team a month ofexecution, and the "Tuiuiús" (40m high and 300m2) was his second mural. In 1995, he painted the "Blue Macaw" (45m high and 430m2). In 1996, he built the "Macaws’ Monument" in front of the international airport in Campo Grande, MS. In 1998, he painted a mural of 700m2 in Corumbá, MS, where he portrayed the red macaw in one of its walls and in the other two a big gold fish.Therefore, he did uncountable art around Mato Grosso do Sul State, mainly into the touristic cities.
(FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Cleir Avila.Disponível em: <http://www.artenossaterra.xpg.com.br/index.html>.Acesso em: 10 nov. 2018).
Based on part of the Text II, answer the question: In which verb tense are the following sentences?
“In 1995, he painted the ‘Blue Macaw’ (45m high and 430m2 ). In 1996, he built the ‘Macaws Monument’ in front of the international airport in Campo Grande, MS. In 1998, he painted a mural of 700m2 in Corumbá, MS, where he portrayed the red macaw in one of its walls and in the other two a big gold fish. Therefore, he did uncountable art around Mato Grosso do Sul State, mainly into the touristic cities”.
FURB•
Read the following statements about coordinate and
subordinate clauses. Write T for true statements and F
for false ones:
(__)While coordinate clauses are typically linked by conjunctions such as "and," "but," or "or," they can sometimes be introduced by more complex structures that express contrast or additional conditions, such as "although" or "yet," depending on the context.
(__)A subordinate clause, unlike a coordinate clause, cannot function as an independent sentence, and it always relies on a main clause to convey a complete thought, even if it contains its own subject and verb.
(__)In some cases, a coordinate clause may be punctuated with a semicolon, especially when the clauses are closely related, though this is not always a strict rule and depends on the writer's discretion and stylistic choices.
Select the alternative with the correct sequence:
(__)While coordinate clauses are typically linked by conjunctions such as "and," "but," or "or," they can sometimes be introduced by more complex structures that express contrast or additional conditions, such as "although" or "yet," depending on the context.
(__)A subordinate clause, unlike a coordinate clause, cannot function as an independent sentence, and it always relies on a main clause to convey a complete thought, even if it contains its own subject and verb.
(__)In some cases, a coordinate clause may be punctuated with a semicolon, especially when the clauses are closely related, though this is not always a strict rule and depends on the writer's discretion and stylistic choices.
Select the alternative with the correct sequence:
Read the text to answer question.
Stephen R. Covey (2017) once explained the importance of priorities by using an experience he had in a business class. He stated that a professor stood in front of a group of students and set a large canning jar in front of them. He filled it to the top with rocks and asked the students if it was full. They responded yes. Then he took out a bucket of sand and filled the jar again, and students watched as the sand poured inside the spaces between the large rocks. The professor asked again if the jar was full. This time students hesitated, and with good reason. The professor proceeded to fill the jar with a pitcher of water, after which he asked the students to explain the purpose behind this visual demonstration. After several incorrect responses, (including something along the lines of. There is always room for more stuff in your life), the professor gave his answer, which amounts to this: Unless you put the rocks in first, they will never fit into the jar.
This story demonstrates the principle of prioritizing, of knowing what matters most and what matters least, and that what matters most must be placed in the first position. No doubt, this is a very relevant way to analyze your own ecosystem1 .
As you move forward in developing a lifestyle that incorporates language learning, you must constantly reflect on whether or not you have prioritized your tasks well. If you imagine your ecosystem as the canning jar, and your language tasks as items that fill up the jar, you can see how making the right decisions will increase your chances of not only enjoying the learning process but making it more successful. Always remember that it is not just “doing a lot of language stuff” that will bring you success but rather that by putting priorities in their place, language learning can happen on its own. Let’s talk about how to prioritize language learning tasks by using the metaphor of the canning jar itself and discuss two concepts: fixed and fluid.
(Dixon, Shane. The language learner guidebook: powerful tools to help you conquer any language. [S.l.]: Wayzgoose, 2018. Adaptado)
1 A language ecosystem describes a holistic environment that encourages and extends the learning and application of language beyond the classroom through a diverse system of tasks and incentives.
In the sentence “Unless you put the rocks in first, they
will never fit into the jar”, what grammatical function does
“unless” serve, and what does it imply about the structure
of priorities?
Julgue o item a seguir.
Requests for action or permission cannot be reported in
Reported Speech using a subordinate clause with "if" or
an infinitive. Therefore a sentence such as "He asked if it
would be ok to miss next class" is an incorrect use of
reported speech.
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
An introduction to Strategic Management
Strategic Management is all about identification and description of the strategies that managers can carry to achieve better performance and a competitive advantage for their organization. An organization is said to have competitive advantage in case its profitability is higher than the average profitability for all companies in its industry.
Strategic management can also be defined as a bundle of decisions and acts which a manager undertakes and which decides the result of the firm’s performance. The manager must have a thorough knowledge and analysis of the general and competitive organizational environment to take right decisions.
The managers should conduct a SWOT Analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) in order to make the best possible utilization of strengths, minimize the organizational weaknesses, make use of arising opportunities from the business environment. They should not ignore the threats either.
Strategic management is nothing but planning for both predictable as well as unfeasible contingencies. It is applicable to both small and large organizations as even the smallest organization faces competition and, by formulating and implementing appropriate strategies, they can attain sustainable competitive advantage. It is a way in which a strategist sets the objectives and proceeds about attaining them. It deals with making and implementing decisions about future direction of an organization. It helps us to identify the direction in which an organization is moving.
(www.managementstudyguide.com/strategic-management.htm. Adaptado)
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo – ...in case its profitability is higher than the average profitability for all companies in its industry. – a expressão destacada em negrito indica uma
Select the sentence that is grammatically correct and
conveys a past hypothetical situation:
Connect the types of conditional sentences numbered 1 to 4 with their examples.
I. Zero Conditional
II. First Conditional
III. Second Conditional
IV. Third Conditional
( ) If it rains, Ana won’t go to the park.
( ) If Carlos had studied, he would have passed the exam.
( ) If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
( ) If her sister had a lot of money, she would travel around the world
The option that indicates the CORRECT sequence is:
I. Zero Conditional
II. First Conditional
III. Second Conditional
IV. Third Conditional
( ) If it rains, Ana won’t go to the park.
( ) If Carlos had studied, he would have passed the exam.
( ) If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
( ) If her sister had a lot of money, she would travel around the world
The option that indicates the CORRECT sequence is:
Associate the second column according to the first, which
relates grammatical structures with examples of them:
First column: grammatical structures (1) Third Conditional. (2) Present Perfect. (3) Past Simple.
Second column: examples of the structures (__) He meticulously cataloged every detail of his journey in his journal.
(__) They have encountered myriad challenges during their entrepreneurial journey.
(__) If she had invested wisely, she would be luxuriously lounging on her private yacht by now.
Mark the option that presents the correct association between the columns:
First column: grammatical structures (1) Third Conditional. (2) Present Perfect. (3) Past Simple.
Second column: examples of the structures (__) He meticulously cataloged every detail of his journey in his journal.
(__) They have encountered myriad challenges during their entrepreneurial journey.
(__) If she had invested wisely, she would be luxuriously lounging on her private yacht by now.
Mark the option that presents the correct association between the columns:
Which of the sentences below is INCORRECT?
What is the correct classification of the sentence: "If you study hard, you will pass
the test"?
If Larry .................... me he didn’t know how to swim. I wouldn’t have taken him to spend the weekend with us
at the beach.
Julgue o item a seguir.
In coordination, two or more independent clauses are combined to form a single sentence.
In coordination, two or more independent clauses are combined to form a single sentence.
Mark is giving advice to a colleague about professional development. Choose the correct conditional form to complete the sentence.
"If you ___ (dedicate yourself) to continuous learning, you ___ (excel) in your teaching career."
Text 1 – How children learn languages
Questions 31 to 39
How long does it take to learn a language?
Many different factors affect the time it takes. These include your child’s age, first language, their reason for BLANK I English and their teachers. You can help your child learn quickly by BLANK II them lots of opportunities to use English. It helps to have real reasons for BLANK III a language, rather than just BLANK IV grammar.
Is it true that boys and girls learn languages differently?
Yes. At early ages, girls tend to develop language more quickly. Remember that it’s OK for children to develop at different speeds. It will be more similar by secondary school age. However, by this stage children might think that languages are ‘more of a girl thing’. Attitudes to learning can have a big impact on educational success so it’s important to find ways to encourage your child and help them enjoy their learning.
Do primary and secondary children learn languages differently?
Yes, there are differences.
Primary school children are learning their first and second languages at the same time. It’s really important to support both languages. Children with a strong foundation in their first language will find it easier to learn a second language. Encourage your child to play, sing and read in both their first and second languages. Remember to plan separate times to focus on each language. If you say something in English and then in another language, your child will automatically listen for their stronger language and ‘tune out’ the other language.
Teenagers are interested in exploring their personalities and identities. This creates lots of opportunities to use popular culture, films, TV, music and video games. Teenagers also enjoy challenging authority, which provides opportunities for debates and discussion.
Will learning another language affect how well my child does at school?
Multilingual children learn at a young age that they can express their ideas in more than one way. This helps their thought process and makes them better, more flexible, learners. Research has found that children who speak more than one language do better in school, and have better memories and problem-solving skills.
What kind of learner is my child?
Watch your child playing. What do they enjoy doing? Puzzlesand problem-solving? Physical play and sports? Word games? Writing stories? Creative play? Try doing these types of activities in English and make a note of what your child responds to best. Alternatively, ask your child to create in English their own one-week ‘dream timetable of activities’. Let them choose how to present it. For example, they could act it out, prepare a written fact file, make a video, draw pictures, go on a treasure hunt or make a scrap book.
Source: https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/learning-english/parents-and-children/how-to-support-your-child/howchildren-learn-languages/. Accessed on 01/22/25
When the sentence ‘If you say
something in English and then in another language,
your child will automatically listen for their stronger
language and ‘tune out’ the other language.’ is changed to the second conditional, it becomes:
It is correct to affirm that the sentence “If the weather improves, Mark and I will go for
a walk” describes a situation in:
The Impact of Globali-zation: Opportunities and Challenges
In today’s interconnected world, the concept of globalization plays a significant role. Globalization refers to the increased interconnectedness of people, cultures, economies, and nations across the globe. It has been driven by advances in technology, trade, and communication, making the world a smaller and more interdependent place.
One of the most noticeable aspects of globalization is the rise of multinational corporations. Companies like Apple, Google, and Coca-Cola have a global presence and impact. They operate in multiple countries, manufacture products in one part of the world, and sell them in another. This has led to greater access to goods and services for consumers worldwide but has also raised questions about economic inequality and exploitation.
Globalization has also transformed the way we communicate. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have connected people from different corners of the world. Information and news now travel at lightning speed, influencing public opinion and shaping global events. However, this instant connectivity has also brought concerns about privacy, misinformation, and cyberbullying.
The impact of globalization is evident in culture and lifestyle as well. The exchange of music, movies, and fashion trends between countries has created a global pop culture. People can enjoy sushi in New York, listen to K-pop in Brazil, or watch Hollywood movies in India. While this cultural exchange can be enriching, it has also led to fears of cultural homogenization and the loss of local traditions.
In conclusion, globalization has profoundly affected our world in various ways, from economics to culture to communication. It has opened up opportunities and posed challenges that societies must address in our interconnected global community.
FONTE: Adapted from: https://www.techtarget.com/searchcio/definition/ globalization. Accessed on October 10, 2023.
Choose the answer that best completes the conditional sentence:
If we __________ more money, we _________ more.
If we __________ more money, we _________ more.
READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER THE QUESTION:
Chatbots could be used to steal data, says cybersecurity agency
The UK’s cybersecurity agency has warned that there is an increasing risk that chatbots could be manipulated by hackers.
The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) has said that individuals could manipulate the prompts of chatbots, which run on artificial intelligence by creating a language model and give answers to questions by users, through “prompt injection” attacks that would make them behave in an unintended manner.
The point of a chatbot is to mimic human-like conversations, which it has been trained to do through scraping large amounts of data. Commonly used in online banking or online shopping, chatbots are generally designed to handle simple requests.
Large language models, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s AI chatbot Bard, are trained using data that generates human-like responses to user prompts. Since chatbots are used to pass data to third-party applications and services, the NCSC has said that risks from malicious “prompt injection” will grow.
For instance, if a user inputs a statement or question that a language model is not familiar with, or if they find a combination of words to override the model’s original script or prompts, the user can cause the model to perform unintended actions.
Such inputs could cause a chatbot to generate offensive content or reveal confidential information in a system that accepts unchecked input.
According to the NCSC, prompt injection attacks can also cause real world consequences, if systems are not designed with security. The vulnerability of chatbots and the ease with which prompts can be manipulated could cause attacks, scams and data theft. The large language models are increasingly used to pass data to third-party applications and services, meaning the risks from malicious prompt injection will grow.
The NCSC said: “Prompt injection and data poisoning attacks can be extremely difficult to detect and mitigate. However, no model exists in isolation, so what we can do is design the whole system with security in mind.”
The NCSC said that cyber-attacks caused by artificial intelligence and machine learning that leaves systems vulnerable can be mitigated through designing for security and understanding the attack techniques that exploit “inherent vulnerabilities” in machine learning algorithm.
Adapted from: The Guardian, Wednesday 30 August 2023, page 4.
“If” in “if they find a combination of words” (5th paragraph)
signals a:
Rewrite correctly the following sentence in the
subjunctive mood: "If he was here, he could help us."
Explain the grammatical change and select the correct
alternative.