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Publicidade

ID: 954233•
Auditoria de Obras Públicas•
Licitações em Obras Públicas•
UECE CEV•
PGECE•
Engenharia Civil•
2025

A conclusão de obra pública é evento que depende de uma série de etapas fundamentais para o sucesso do empreendimento, que se iniciam antes da licitação propriamente dita, na seguinte sequência:

I. Fase preliminar à licitação;
II. Fase interna da licitação;
III. Fase externa da licitação;
IV. Fase contratual;
V. Fase posterior à licitação.

Assim, é correto afirmar que a “Fiscalização da obra”, o “Estudo de viabilidade” e a “Publicação do edital de licitação” ocorrem, respectivamente, nas fases

ID: 947323•
História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Geografia e História 2° Fase•
2019

Considerando a paisagem e a formação territorial do estado do Ceará, é correto afirmar que

ID: 679555•
Filosofia•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Filosofia e Sociologia 2 Dia•
2019

A filósofa brasileira Rosa Dias diz o seguinte sobre a filosofia da arte de Nietzsche:

“[O] ponto mais importante da estética nietzschiana do seu primeiro livro [O nascimento da tragédia] é o desenvolvimento dos aspectos apolíneo e dionisíaco na arte grega, considerados como impulsos antagônicos, como duas faculdades fundamentais do homem: a imaginação figurativa, que produz as artes da imagem (a escultura, a pintura e parte da poesia), e a potência emocional, que encontra sua voz na linguagem musical. Cada um desses impulsos manifesta-se na vida humana por meio de dois estados fisiológicos, o sonho e a embriaguez, que se opõem como o apolíneo e o dionisíaco. O sonho e a embriaguez são condições necessárias para que a arte se produza; por isso, o artista, sem entrar em um desses estados, não pode criar”.
DIAS, Rosa Maria. Arte e vida no pensamento de Nietzsche. In: Cadernos Nietzsche, São Paulo, v. 36 nº 1, p. 228, 2015.

Com base na citação acima, é correto afirmar que


ID: 951171•
Inglês•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Primeiro Semestre•
2018

T E X T


Can you learn in your sleep?


Sleep is known to be crucial for learning and memory formation. What's more, scientists have even managed to pick out specific memories and consolidate them during sleep. However, the exact mechanisms behind this were unknown — until now.

Those among us who grew up with the popular cartoon "Dexter's Laboratory" might remember the famous episode wherein Dexter's trying to learn French overnight. He creates a device that helps him to learn in his sleep by playing French phrases to him. Of course, since the show is a comedy, Dexter's record gets stuck on the phrase "Omelette du fromage" and the next day he's incapable of saying anything else. This is, of course, a problem that puts him through a series of hilarious situations.

The idea that we can learn in our sleep has captivated the minds of artists and scientists alike; the possibility that one day we could all drastically improve our productivity by learning in our sleep is very appealing. But could such a scenario ever become a reality?

New research seems to suggest so, and scientists in general are moving closer to understanding precisely what goes on in the brain when we sleep and how the restful state affects learning and memory formation.

For instance, previous studies have shown that non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep — or dreamless sleep — is crucial for consolidating memories. It has also been shown that sleep spindles, or sudden spikes in oscillatory brain activity that canbe seen on an electroencephalogram (EEG) during the second stage of non-REM sleep, are key for this memory consolidation. Scientists were also able to specifically target certain memories and reactivate, or strengthen, them by using auditory cues.

However, the mechanism behind such achievements remained mysterious until now. Researchers were also unaware if such mechanisms would help with memorizing new information.

Therefore, a team of researchers set out to investigate. Scott Cairney, from the University of York in the United Kingdom, co-led the research with Bernhard Staresina, who works at the University of Birmingham, also in the U.K. Their findings were published in the journal Current Biology.

Cairney explains the motivation for the research, saying, "We are quite certain that memories are reactivated in the brain during sleep, but we don't know the neural processes that underpin this phenomenon." "Sleep spindles," he continues, "have been linked to the benefits of sleep for memory in previous research, so we wanted to investigate whether these brain waves mediate reactivation. If they support memory reactivation, we further reasoned that it could be possible to decipher memory signals at the time that these spindles took place."

To test their hypotheses, Cairney and his colleagues asked 46 participants "to learn associations between words and pictures of objects or scenes before a nap." Afterward, some of the participants took a 90-minute nap, whereas others stayed awake. To those who napped, "Half of the words were [...] replayed during the nap to trigger the reactivation of the newly learned picture memories," explains Cairney.

"When the participants woke after a good period of sleep," he says, "we presented them again with the words and asked them to recall the object and scene pictures. We found that their memory was better for the pictures that were connected to the words that were presented in sleep, compared to those words that weren't," Cairney reports.

Using an EEG machine, the researchers were also able to see that playing the associated words to reactivate memories triggered sleep spindles in the participants' brains. More specifically, the EEG sleep spindle patterns "told" the researchers whether the participants were processing memories related to objects or memories related to scenes.

"Our data suggest that spindles facilitate processing of relevant memory features during sleep and that this process boosts memory consolidation," says Staresina. "While it has been shown previously," he continues, "that targeted memory reactivation can boost memory consolidation during sleep, we now show that sleep spindles might represent the key underlying mechanism."

Cairney adds, "When you are awake you learn new things, but when you are asleep you refine them, making it easier to retrieve them and apply them correctly when you need them the most. This is important for how we learn but also for how we might help retain healthy brain functions."

Staresina suggests that this newly gained knowledge could lead to effective strategies for boosting memory while sleeping.

So, though learning things from scratch à la "Dexter's Lab" may take a while to become a reality, we can safely say that our brains continue to learn while we sleep, and that researchers just got a lot closer to understanding why this happens.

From: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/Mar/2018

Segundo estudos, o aquecimento global é responsável pelas mudanças climáticas que vêm ocorrendo em todo o planeta, com trágicas consequências ambientais, econômicas e sociais.

No que concerne ao aquecimento global, assinale a afirmação verdadeira.

ID: 1054855•
Direito Administrativo•
Agentes Públicos e Lei 8 112 de 1990•
UECE CEV•
DETRAN CE•
Vistoriador•
2018

No que diz respeito ao provimento dos cargos públicos, assinale a afirmação verdadeira.

ID: 943241•
Geografia•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Segunda Fase•
2021

Atente para o fragmento a seguir:
“A litosfera é segmentada por fraturas, formando um mosaico com sete grandes placas e algumas menores, que deslizam horizontalmente, arrastando os continentes por cima da astenosfera”.
Penha, H. M. Processos endógenos na formação do relevo. In: Geomorfologia uma atualização de bases e conceitos. Guerra, A. J. T e Cunha, S. B. Rio de Janeiro. Bertrand Brasil. 1994.
Dentre os principais tipos de limites de placas tectônicas, aquela que é formada ao longo de uma falha transformante, onde o movimento relativo da placa é horizontal e paralelo ao seu limite, é conhecida como

ID: 946833•
Biologia•
Vírus e bactérias•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Biologia•
2019

Atente às seguintes afirmações sobre vírus:
I. Vírus são acelulares, não produzem ATP nem realizam fermentação, respiração celular ou fotossíntese.
II. Vírus bacteriófagos são vírus que contêm uma molécula de DNA e RNA e infectam células eucariontes.
III. Após invadir a célula, os bacteriófagos podem seguir um ciclo de vida lítico ou lisogênico: no ciclo lisogênico, a célula hospedeira sofre lise e os novos vírus saem levando um pedaço da membrana para fazer o envelope viral.
IV. Herpes, Hepatite B, Sífilis, Papiloma vírus Humano e Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Humana, são infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) causadas por vírus.
É correto somente o que se afirma em

ID: 943513•
Geografia•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Geografia e História•
2021

Atente para as seguintes afirmações em relação às principais correntes do pensamento geográfico:

I. A corrente denominada Geografia Cultural e Humanista prioriza as representações simbólicas e identitárias que estruturam uma atitude e uma percepção do indivíduo com relação ao espaço vivido, ao lugar, à paisagem e ao nível do cotidiano.

II. A Geografia Teorética, também chamada de Quantitativa, surgiu imbuída de objetividade, generalidade, lógica formal matemática, uso de técnicas computacionais e exatidão como principais condições de análise do espaço, e assim passou a desenvolver a pesquisa científica em Geografia.

III. Como crítica ao capitalismo e como reação à própria Geografia Tradicional e Quantitativa, surgiu, em meados da década de 1960, a Geografia Crítica Radical, postulando que o espaço tem um papel tão ativo quanto as outras estruturas das esferas de reprodução social, fazendo parte da dialética do modo de produção que o funda, dentre as quais predomina a estrutura econômica.

Está correto o que se afirma em

ID: 943259•
História•
Era Vargas 19301954•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Segunda Fase•
2021

Durante o século XX, a história do Brasil foi marcada pela ocorrência de dois grandes períodos ditatoriais: o Estado Novo, de 10 de novembro de 1937 a 31 de janeiro de 1946, durante o governo de Getúlio Vargas, e a Ditadura Militar instaurada após o golpe de 31 de março de 1964. Considerando esses dois períodos, numere os parênteses abaixo de acordo com a seguinte indicação:
1. Estado Novo; 2. Ditadura Militar.
( ) Criação do Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda — DIP — que implantou a censura à imprensa e à propaganda do regime. ( ) Instauração do Ato Institucional nº 5, que estabeleceu a censura prévia de música, cinema, teatro e televisão, e a proibição de reuniões não autorizadas pelas autoridades. ( ) Criação do DOI-CODI, com o objetivo de coordenar e integrar as ações dos órgãos de repressão a indivíduos ou organizações contrárias ao regime. ( ) Prisão e tortura de opositores do regime, como Pagu, Graciliano Ramos e Carlos Marighela pela polícia subordinada a Filinto Müller.
A sequência correta, de cima para baixo, é:

ID: 943261•
Conhecimentos Gerais•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Segunda Fase•
2021

Em 1976, o compositor e cantor Belchior lançou a música Apenas um rapaz latino americano, que traz a seguinte estrofe: “Mas não se preocupe meu amigo / Com os horrores que eu lhe digo / Isto é somente uma canção / A vida realmente é diferente / Quer dizer, ao vivo é muito pior”.
No mesmo ano, Chico Buarque gravou a música Meu caro amigo, que apresenta em seu refrão: “Aqui na terra 'tão jogando futebol / Tem muito samba, muito choro e rock'n'roll / Uns dias chove, noutros dias bate sol / Mas o que eu quero é lhe dizer que a coisa aqui tá preta”.
Os dois compositores são conhecidos por fazerem, em suas obras, uma crônica social. Nessas estrofes, os autores fazem referência à

ID: 1054883•
Ética na Administração Pública•
Código de Ética Profissional Servidor Público•
UECE CEV•
DETRAN CE•
Agente de Trânsito e Transporte•
2018

O servidor público NÃO se comporta conforme os princípios de conduta ética ao

ID: 679611•
História•
Brasil Monárquico Segundo Reinado 1831 1889•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Geografia e História 2 Dia•
2019

Durante o segundo reinado, havia, no Brasil, cerca de 20 mil pessoas que podiam ser eleitores e escolher deputados e senadores (0,4% da população), eles eram homens, católicos e com renda anual superior a 200 mil-réis. Havia ainda no Brasil 2,2 milhões de mulheres livres, 1,8 milhão de homens livres pobres, algo em torno de 1,7 milhão de escravos e escravas e outro grande número de pessoas sem acesso ao voto (praças, estrangeiros, religiosos em regime de clausura, mendigos e não católicos em geral).
Fonte: Brasil 500 anos. IstoÉ, p.72. Estabilização no Império.

Considerando esse aspecto da política brasileira, durante o império, explícito nos dados citados, é correto afirmar que

ID: 944316•
Química•
Eletroquímica Oxirredução•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Física e Química•
2022

Duas células eletrolíticas ligadas em série são submetidas a uma corrente contínua. Um dos eletrólitos é uma solução de nitrato de prata, e o outro é uma solução de sulfato de cobre II. Quando são depositados 0,60 g de prata metálica, se depositam de cobre, aproximadamente,

ID: 944062•
Inglês•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Inglês•
2020

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more
plastic than ever, and waste exported for
recycling is often mishandled, according
to a new study.
The United States contribution
to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is
significantly larger than previously
thought, possibly by as much as five
times, according to a study published
Friday. The research, published in Science
Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper
by the same authors. Two factors
contributed to the sharp increase:
Americans are using more plastic than
ever and the current study included
pollution generated by United States
exports of plastic waste, while the earlier
one did not.
The United States, which does
not have sufficient infrastructure to
handle its recycling demands at home,
exports about half of its recyclable waste.
Of the total exported, about 88 percent
ends up in countries considered to have
inadequate waste management.
“When you consider how much
of our plastic waste isn’t actually
recyclable because it is low-value,
contaminated or difficult to process, it’s
not surprising that a lot of it ends up
polluting the environment,” said the
study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,
research professor of oceanography at
Sea Education Association, in a
statement.
The study estimates that in
2016, the United States contributed
between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of
plastic waste to the oceans through a
combination of littering, dumping and
mismanaged exports. At a minimum,
that’s almost double the total estimated
waste in the team’s previous study. At the
high end, it would be a fivefold increase
over the earlier estimate.
Nicholas Mallos, a senior
director at the Ocean Conservancy and an
author of the study, said the upper
estimate would be equal to a pile of
plastic covering the area of the White
House Lawn and reaching as high as the
Empire State Building.
The ranges are wide partly
because “there’s no real standard for
being able to provide good quality data on
collection and disposal of waste in
general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource
economist at DSM Environmental
Solutions, a consulting firm, and an
author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the
researchers had evaluated waste-disposal
practices in countries around the world
and used their “best professional
judgment” to determine the lowest and
highest amounts of plastic waste likely to
escape into the environment. They settled
on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.
Tony Walker, an associate
professor at the Dalhousie University
School for Resource and Environmental
Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that
analyzing waste data can amount to a
“data minefield” because there are no
data standards across municipalities.
Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped
overseas, he said, data is often not
recorded at all.
Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who
was not involved in the study, said it
could offer a more accurate accounting of
plastic pollution than the previous study,
which likely underestimated the United
States’ contribution. “They’ve put their
best estimate, as accurate as they can be
with this data,” he said, and used ranges,
which underscores that the figures are
estimates.
Of the plastics that go into the
United States recycling system, about 9
percent of the country’s total plastic
waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll
be remade into new consumer goods. New
plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture
that only certain expensive, high-grade
plastics are profitable to recycle within the
United States, which is why roughly half
of the country’s plastic waste was shipped
abroad in 2016, the most recent year for
which data is available.
Since 2016, however, the
recycling landscape has changed. China
and many countries in Southeast Asia
have stopped accepting plastic waste
imports. And lower oil prices have further
reduced the market for recycled plastic.
“What the new study really underscores is
we have to get a handle on source
reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That
starts with eliminating unnecessary and
problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/
“They settled on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent” (lines 66-67) is a/an

ID: 945604•
Inglês•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Segundo Semestre•
2019

How a Canadian Chain Is Reinventing Book Selling

By Alexandra Alter

About a decade ago, Heather Reisman, the chief executive of Canada’s largest bookstore chain, was having tea with the novelist Margaret Atwood when Ms. Atwood inadvertently gave her an idea for a new product. Ms. Atwood announced that she planned to go home, put on a pair of cozy socks and curl up with a book. Ms. Reisman thought about how appealing that sounded. Not long after, her company, Indigo, developed its own brand of plush “reading socks.” They quickly became one of Indigo’s signature gift items.

“Last year, all my friends got reading socks,” said Arianna Huffington, the HuffPost cofounder and a friend of Ms. Reisman’s, who also gave the socks as gifts to employees at her organization Thrive. “Most people don’t have reading socks — not like Heather’s reading socks.”

Over the last few years, Indigo has designed dozens of other products, including beach mats, scented candles, inspirational wall art, Mason jars, crystal pillars, bento lunchboxes, herb growing kits, copper cheese knife sets, stemless champagne flutes, throw pillows and scarves.

It may seem strange for a bookstore chain to be developing and selling artisanal soup bowls and organic cotton baby onesies. But Indigo’s approach seems not only novel but crucial to its success and longevity. The superstore concept, with hulking retail spaces stocking 100,000 titles, has become increasingly hard to sustain in the era of online retail, when it’s impossible to match Amazon’s vast selection.

Indigo is experimenting with a new model, positioning itself as a “cultural department store” where customers who wander in to browse through books often end up lingering as they impulsively shop for cashmere slippers and crystal facial rollers, or a knife set to go with a new Paleo cookbook. Over the past few years, Ms. Reisman has reinvented Indigo as a Goop-like, curated lifestyle brand, with sections devoted to food, health and wellness, and home décor.

Ms. Reisman is now importing Indigo’s approach to the United States. Last year, Indigo opened its first American outpost, at a luxury mall in Millburn, N.J., and she eventually plans to open a cluster of Indigos in the Northeast. Indigo’s ascendance is all the more notable given the challenges that big bookstore chains have faced in the United States. Borders, which once had more than 650 locations, filed for bankruptcy in 2011. Barnes & Noble now operates 627 stores, down from 720 in 2010, and the company put itself up for sale last year. Lately, it has been opening smaller stores, including an 8,300-square-foot outlet in Fairfax County, Va.

“Cross-merchandising is Retail 101, and it’s hard to do in a typical bookstore,” said Peter Hildick-Smith, president of the Codex Group, which analyzes the book industry. “Indigo found a way to create an extra aura around the bookbuying experience, by creating a physical extension of what you’re reading about.”

The atmosphere is unabashedly intimate, cozy and feminine — an aesthetic choice that also makes commercial sense, given that women account for some 60 percent of book buyers. A section called “The Joy of the Table” stocks Indigobrand ceramics, glassware and acacia wood serving platters with the cookbooks. The home décor section has pillows and throws, woven baskets, vases and scented candles. There’s a subsection called “In Her Words,” which features idea-driven books and memoirs by women. An area labeled “A Room of Her Own” looks like a lushdressing room, with vegan leather purses, soft gray shawls, a velvet chair, scarves and journals alongside art, design and fashion books.

Books still account for just over 50 percent of Indigo’s sales and remain the central draw; the New Jersey store stocks around 55,000 titles. But they also serve another purpose: providing a window into consumers’ interests, hobbies, desires and anxieties, which makes it easier to develop and sell related products.

Publishing executives, who have watched with growing alarm as Barnes & Noble has struggled, have responded enthusiastically to Ms. Reisman’s strategy. “Heather pioneered and perfected the art of integrating books and nonbook products,” Markus Dohle, the chief executive of Penguin Random House, said in an email.

Ms. Reisman has made herself and her own tastes and interests central to the brand. The front of the New Jersey store features a section labeled “Heather’s Picks,” with a display table covered with dozens of titles. A sign identifies her as the chain’s “founder, C.E.O., Chief Booklover and the Heather in Heather’s Picks.” She appears regularly at author signings and store events, and has interviewed prominent authors like Malcolm Gladwell, James Comey, Sally Field, Bill Clinton and Nora Ephron.

When Ms. Reisman opened the first Indigo store in Burlington, Ontario, in 1997, she had already run her own consulting firm and later served as president of a soft drink and beverage company, Cott. Still, bookselling is an idiosyncratic industry, and many questioned whether Indigo could compete with Canada’s biggest bookseller, Chapters. Skepticism dissolved a few years later when Indigo merged with Chapters, inheriting its fleet of national stores. The company now has more than 200 outlets across Canada, including 89 “superstores.” Indigo opened its first revamped concept store in 2016.

The new approach has proved lucrative: In its 2017 fiscal year, the company’s revenue exceeded $1 billion Canadian for the first time. In its 2018 fiscal year, Indigo reported a revenue increase of nearly $60 million Canadian over the previous year, making it the most profitable year in the chain’s history.

The company’s dominance in Canada doesn’t guarantee it will thrive in the United States, where it has to compete not only with Amazon and Barnes & Noble, but with a resurgent wave of independent booksellers. After years of decline, independent stores have rebounded, with some 2,470 locations, up from 1,651 a decade ago, according to the American Booksellers Association. And Amazon has expanded into the physical retail market, with around 20 bookstores across the United States.

Ms. Reisman acknowledges that the company faces challenges as it expands southward. Still, she’s optimistic, and is already scouting locations for a second store near New York.

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/01

Indigo has established itself as a successful bookseller, a fact evidenced by the merging with

ID: 679621•
História•
Expansão Comercial a Marítima a busca de novos mundos•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Geografia e História 2 Dia•
2019

Cristóvão Colombo inicia o diário de sua primeira viagem com uma introdução em que recorda as circunstâncias nas quais os soberanos da coroa de Castela e Aragão deram-lhe a tarefa de encontrar o caminho marítimo para a

ID: 946643•
Geografia•
Impactos e Soluções nos Meios Natural e Rural•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Geografia e História•
2019

“O conjunto de ações produzidas pelas atividades humanas ao explorar os recursos hídricos para expandir o desenvolvimento econômico e fazer frente às demandas industriais e agrícolas e a expansão e crescimento da população e das áreas urbanas foi se tornando complexo ao longo da história da humanidade. ”

Tundisi, J. G. Água no século XXI: enfrentando a escassez. São Carlos. Rima. 2005. p. 35.

Considerando as formas de uso dos solos e o desmatamento, é correto afirmar que, dentre os impactos nos recursos hídricos e ecossistemas aquáticos, encontra(m)-se

ID: 943317•
Matemática•
Problemas•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Primeira Fase OAB•
2021

Informações sobre a distribuição territorial da população de um município, estado ou nação são importantes para a formulação de planos governamentais de gestão pública. Atente para os seguintes dados aproximados referentes a um estado brasileiro da Região Nordeste:

I. A população da região metropolitana, incluindo-se a capital, é igual a 3,72 milhões de habitantes.

II. A população da capital corresponde a 80% da população da região metropolitana.

III. A população da região metropolitana corresponde a 40% da população total do estado.

Com base nesses dados, é correto afirmar que a população interiorana do estado, excluindo-se a capital, em milhões de habitantes, é

ID: 943323•
Conhecimentos Gerais•
Economia Nacional•
UECE CEV•
UECE•
Primeira Fase OAB•
2021

Atente para o seguinte excerto sobre a reorganização da economia brasileira no período da ditadura cívico-militar:

“O governo militar instituído em 1964 reorganizou a economia do país impondo um modelo em que preponderava o capitalismo selvagem e concentrador de renda, sem os mecanismos da democracia dos países desenvolvidos”.


Antonio Pedro; Lizânias de Souza Lima. História sempre presente, 1. ed. São Paulo: FTD, 2010, p.285. v. 3.

Essa reorganização da economia brasileira ocorreu por meio do

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