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Britain, Norway and the United States join forces with businesses to protect tropical forests.
Britain, Norway and the United States said Thursday they would join forces with some of the world’s biggest companies in an effort to rally more than $1 billion for countries that can show they are lowering emissions by protecting tropical forests. The goal is to make intact forests more economically valuable than they would be if the land were cleared for timber and agriculture.
The initiative comes as the world loses acre after acre of forests to feed global demand for soy, palm oil, timber and cattle. Those forests, from Brazil to Indonesia, are essential to limiting the linked crises of climate change and a global biodiversity collapse. They are also home to Indigenous and other forest communities. Amazon, Nestlé, Unilever, GlaxoSmithKline and Salesforce are among the companies promising money for the new initiative, known as the LEAF Coalition.
Last year, despite the global downturn triggered by the pandemic, tropical deforestation was up 12 percent from 2019, collectively wiping out an area about the size of Switzerland. That destruction released about twice as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as cars in the United States emit annually.
“The LEAF Coalition is a groundbreaking example of the scale and type of collaboration that is needed to fight the climate crisis and achieve net-zero emissions globally by 2050,” John Kerry, President Biden’s senior climate envoy, said in a statement. “Bringing together government and privatesector resources is a necessary step in supporting the large-scale efforts that must be mobilized to halt deforestation and begin to restore tropical and subtropical forests.”
An existing global effort called REDD+ has struggled to attract sufficient investment and gotten mired in bureaucratic slowdowns. This initiative builds on it, bringing private capital to the table at the country or state level. Until now, companies have invested in forests more informally, sometimes supporting questionable projects that prompted accusations of corruption and “greenwashing,” when a company or brand portrays itself as an environmental steward but its true actions don’t support the claim.
The new initiative will use satellite imagery to verify results across wide areas to guard against those problems. Monitoring entire jurisdictions would, in theory, prevent governments from saving forestland in one place only to let it be cut down elsewhere.
Under the plan, countries, states or provinces with tropical forests would commit to reducing deforestation and degradation. Each year or two, they would submit their results, calculating the number of tons of carbon dioxide reduced by their efforts. An independent monitor would verify their claims using satellite images and other measures. Companies and governments would contribute to a pool of money that would pay the national or regional government at least $10 per ton of reduced carbon dioxide.
Companies will not be allowed to participate unless they have a scientifically sound plan to reach net zero emissions, according to Nigel Purvis, the chief executive of Climate Advisers, a group affiliated with the initiative. “Their number one obligation to the world from a climate standpoint is to reduce their own emissions across their supply chains, across their products, everything,” Mr. Purvis said. He also emphasized that the coalition’s plans would respect the rights of Indigenous and forest communities.
From: www.nytimes.com/April 22, 2021
Leia atentamente a seguinte matéria jornalística:
“Mulheres ganham 19% menos que homens – no topo a diferença é de mais de 30%
A presença das mulheres no mercado de trabalho no Brasil passou por mudanças substanciais nos últimos 50 anos. A participação delas entre os trabalhadores do país mais que dobrou. Os salários, embora ainda longe dos recebidos pelos homens nas mesmas profissões, também reduziram bastante a distância. Esse efeito, porém, não aparece com a mesma intensidade dentro das profissões mais bem remuneradas, como engenharia, medicina ou advocacia. Nelas, a presença feminina também disparou e, entre médicos e dentistas, por exemplo, as mulheres já são mais de 70%. A diferença salarial nos grupos do topo, porém, mudou bem pouco de 1970 para cá, e as mulheres ainda seguem ganhando cerca de 30% menos que os colegas homens nas mesmas profissões.
[...]. São estas as principais conclusões apontadas por um estudo feito pela economista Laísa Rachter (Ibre/FGV) que comparou a presença de mulheres e os salários médios praticados no mercado de trabalho de todo o país desde 1970, com base nos dados do censo, entre 1970 e 2010, e da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua), para 2020. ‘A maternidade, os filhos e os afazeres domésticos ainda pesam mais sobre as mulheres, e demandam mais flexibilidade. A cultura organizacional ainda promove os profissionais baseada em critérios masculinos, como estar totalmente disponível ao trabalho ou trabalhar várias horas’, disse a pesquisadora da FGV”.
Juliana Elias, CNN Brasil Business, São Paulo, 02 de abril de 2021. Texto adaptado
Partindo das informações na matéria acima, avalie as seguintes proposições:
I. Depois de 50 anos, as mulheres ainda não possuem as mesmas condições de trabalho e ganho salarial que os homens.
II. A igualdade de condições de trabalho e de salários entre homens e mulheres hoje são conquistas próprias do mundo empresarial.
III. As profissionais liberais, nesse período, são as que mais conquistaram paridade salarial e igualdade diante dos colegas homens.
IV. A cultura das organizações, de modo geral, persiste valorizando colaboradores que não tenham maiores obrigações familiares.
É correto somente o que se afirma em